【摘要】：自貶是說(shuō)話人通過(guò)降低對(duì)自己或與自己密切相關(guān)的人、物、事的評(píng)價(jià)，以對(duì)聽(tīng)話人實(shí)施特定語(yǔ)用功能的言語(yǔ)行為。本文首先綜述了以Grice的合作原則和Leech的禮貌原則為理論基礎(chǔ)的國(guó)內(nèi)外語(yǔ)言學(xué)文獻(xiàn)中諸如貶己尊人準(zhǔn)則、謙詞、自謙等涉及自貶的研究成果，然后以126例漢語(yǔ)自貶自然語(yǔ)料為研究材料，從會(huì)話角色、話輪位置、語(yǔ)用功能等三個(gè)維度展開(kāi)單一維度和跨維度的語(yǔ)用研究，通過(guò)語(yǔ)料的量化分析結(jié)果觀察得出自貶的發(fā)生規(guī)律，進(jìn)而揭示自貶的發(fā)生機(jī)制。 從會(huì)話角色的維度來(lái)看，自貶主要出現(xiàn)于低權(quán)勢(shì)說(shuō)話人對(duì)高權(quán)勢(shì)聽(tīng)話人的言語(yǔ)交際中，這是由中國(guó)社會(huì)的權(quán)力距離指數(shù)和說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話方式的選擇自由度所決定的。從話輪位置的維度來(lái)看，自貶主要出現(xiàn)于應(yīng)對(duì)話輪，，這是言語(yǔ)交際雙方努力維持言語(yǔ)平等關(guān)系的結(jié)果。從語(yǔ)用功能的維度來(lái)看，說(shuō)話人可以通過(guò)使用自貶向聽(tīng)話人實(shí)施陳述事實(shí)、表示禮貌、制造幽默、推卸任務(wù)、隱藏實(shí)力、博取贊揚(yáng)等語(yǔ)用功能。從上述三個(gè)維度的跨維度分析可知，自貶是一種主要由低權(quán)勢(shì)說(shuō)話人向高權(quán)勢(shì)聽(tīng)話人使用的、以應(yīng)對(duì)性為主的、以表示禮貌和陳述事實(shí)為主要語(yǔ)用功能的言語(yǔ)行為。
[Abstract]:Self-deprecation is a speech act in which the speaker performs a specific pragmatic function on the hearer by lowering the evaluation of himself or the person, thing or thing closely related to himself. This paper first summarizes the research achievements on self-deprecation in the domestic and foreign linguistic literature based on Grice's Cooperative principle and Leech's Politeness principle, such as self-deprecation criterion, modesty, self-modesty and so on. Then 126 cases of self-deprecating natural language data are used as the research materials to carry out a single dimension and a cross-dimensional pragmatic study from the three dimensions of conversational role, turn-around position and pragmatic function. Through the quantitative analysis of the corpus, the occurrence law of self-demotion is obtained, and the mechanism of self-demotion is revealed. From the perspective of conversational role, self-deprecation mainly occurs in the verbal communication between the low-power speaker and the high-power listener, which is determined by the power distance index of Chinese society and the freedom of choice of the speaker's way of speaking. From the perspective of turn position, self-deprecation mainly occurs in coping turn, which is the result of both sides' efforts to maintain the equal relationship between speech and speech. From the perspective of pragmatic function, the speaker can use self-deprecation to present facts to the hearer, express politeness, make humor, shirk the task, hide his power and gain praise. From the cross-dimensional analysis of the above three dimensions, we can see that self-deprecation is a kind of speech act which is mainly used by low-power speakers to high-power hearers, which is mainly responsive, with the main pragmatic functions of expressing politeness and stating facts.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：暨南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H136

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本文編號(hào)：2137892