本文選題：批評(píng)話語分析 + 元功能　； 參考：《西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：批評(píng)話語分析是基于批評(píng)語言學(xué)發(fā)展起來的一種話語分析手段。批評(píng)話語分析中的批評(píng)一詞最早來源于文學(xué)批評(píng)。后來批評(píng)分析擯棄了文學(xué)批評(píng)中關(guān)于人的情感、作者意圖等方面的批評(píng),加入了對(duì)于社會(huì)、文化環(huán)境的批評(píng),形成了批評(píng)話語分析。批評(píng)語言學(xué)最先由Roger Fowler在《語言與控制》一書中提出來的。經(jīng)過十年的發(fā)展,1989年由Norman Fairclough及其同事在《語言與權(quán)力》一書中正式提出批評(píng)話語分析(Critical Discourse Analysis)這一概念(以下簡稱CDA)。 CDA是以語言學(xué)為基礎(chǔ),以語言分析為手段來揭示語言隱含的意識(shí)形態(tài)和權(quán)力關(guān)系。經(jīng)過16年的發(fā)展,批評(píng)話語分析在1995年被陳中竺引進(jìn)中國,開始進(jìn)入中國學(xué)者的視線。最近幾年批評(píng)話語分析不斷被應(yīng)用到各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的文本分析中,包括各類新聞、翻譯文本、政府報(bào)告等等。 本文主要采用批評(píng)話語分析方法對(duì)人民幣升值報(bào)道中隱含的意識(shí)形態(tài)進(jìn)行揭示,以期讓讀者能夠意識(shí)到意識(shí)形態(tài)在財(cái)經(jīng)新聞中的存在,從而在閱讀過程中能夠有效地避免受這些意識(shí)形態(tài)的影響,最終讓讀者能夠更加客觀、準(zhǔn)確地理解新聞中包含的真實(shí)信息。在本文中,作者以30篇分別選自中美的中國日?qǐng)?bào)、人民日?qǐng)?bào)、新華網(wǎng)、洛杉磯時(shí)報(bào)、CNN和路透社的英文報(bào)道為分析語料,以Fairclough的批評(píng)話語分析的分析方法和韓禮德功能語法(Systemic Functional Grammar,以下簡稱SFG)中的三大元功能思想為理論依據(jù),對(duì)所選的中美媒體關(guān)于人民幣升值這一事件的新聞報(bào)道進(jìn)行研究。 韓禮德元功能理論中的概念功能、人際功能和語篇功能與Fairclough的三大分析維度相結(jié)合構(gòu)成了本文的基本分析框架：及物性系統(tǒng)、情態(tài)系統(tǒng)、轉(zhuǎn)換系統(tǒng)、分類系統(tǒng)以及語篇產(chǎn)生的社會(huì)文化背景的分析。本文分別采用上述4大分析系統(tǒng)對(duì)中美30篇報(bào)道進(jìn)行定性研究,分別得出中美媒體報(bào)道中包含意識(shí)形態(tài)和權(quán)力關(guān)系的結(jié)論；接著采用語言分析和社會(huì)文化分析相結(jié)合的方法對(duì)比分析這30篇報(bào)道,從而得出不同國家媒體語言中所透露出的意識(shí)形態(tài)和隱含的權(quán)力控制關(guān)系。最后通過分析總結(jié)出,中國媒體所采用的溫和、回避的報(bào)道策略反映出中國集體主義、中庸以及不爭霸的意識(shí)形態(tài)；而美國媒體則采用強(qiáng)硬的、霸權(quán)式的口吻來強(qiáng)迫中國政府對(duì)人民幣進(jìn)行升值,反映出美國霸權(quán)、以及強(qiáng)烈的權(quán)力控制的意識(shí)形態(tài)。通過對(duì)這些報(bào)道的分析,除了可以讓讀者意識(shí)到中美財(cái)經(jīng)新聞中也有不同的意識(shí)形態(tài)存在,避免受它們影響之外；同時(shí)也可以讓讀者對(duì)中國有一個(gè)更加客觀的看法,有助于中國在國際上樹立一個(gè)更加正面的形象。
[Abstract]:Critical discourse analysis is a tool of discourse analysis based on the development of critical linguistics. The term "criticism" in critical discourse analysis originates from literary criticism. Later, the critical analysis rejected the criticism about human emotion and the author's intention in literary criticism, and added the criticism to the social and cultural environment, which formed the critical discourse analysis. Critical linguistics was first proposed by Roger Fowler in language and Control. After ten years of development, the concept of critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) was formally proposed by Norman Fairclough and his colleagues in language and Power in 1989. CDA is based on linguistics and language analysis as a means to reveal the implied ideology and power relationship. After 16 years of development, critical discourse analysis was introduced into China by Chen Zhongzhu in 1995. In recent years, critical discourse analysis has been applied to various fields of text analysis, including news, translated texts, government reports and so on. This paper mainly uses the critical discourse analysis method to reveal the implied ideology in the RMB appreciation report in order to make readers realize the existence of ideology in the financial news. Therefore, it can effectively avoid the influence of these ideologies in the process of reading, and finally enable readers to understand the true information contained in the news more objectively and accurately. In this paper, the author uses 30 articles from China Daily, People's Daily, Xinhuanet, Los Angeles Times, CNN and Reuters to analyze the data. Based on the analysis method of Fairclough's critical discourse and the three metafunctions in Halliday functional Functional Grammars, this paper makes a research on the selected news reports of RMB appreciation in Chinese and American media. The combination of conceptual function, interpersonal function and discourse function with the three analytical dimensions of Fairclough constitutes the basic analytical framework of this thesis: the transitivity system, the modal system, and the transformation system. Classification system and the analysis of the social and cultural background of discourse. This paper uses the above four analysis systems to carry on the qualitative research to the 30 reports of China and the United States, and draws the conclusion that the media reports of China and the United States contain ideology and power relationship respectively; Then the 30 reports are compared and analyzed by the methods of language analysis and sociocultural analysis, and the ideology and implied power control relations revealed in different national media languages are obtained. Finally, it is concluded that the moderate and evasive reporting strategy adopted by the Chinese media reflects the ideology of Chinese collectivism, moderation and non-hegemony, while the US media adopts a tough one. The hegemonic tone to force the Chinese government to appreciate the yuan reflects American hegemony and a strong ideology of power control. Through the analysis of these reports, in addition to making readers aware of the existence of different ideologies in China-US financial and economic news, and avoiding their influence, they can also give readers a more objective view of China. It will help China to establish a more positive image internationally.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：G212;H136;H313

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