本文選題：說文解字　切入點：言部字　出處：《南京師范大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：《說文解字》是我國第一部系統(tǒng)完備的字典,作者許慎收集五經(jīng)之字,首按部首編排法將9353個漢字分別部居于540個部首之中,而且根據(jù)六書理論分析字形,解說字義。同時,《說文解字》以釋義的方式貯存著上古文獻的詞義,這些詞義反映著上古社會生活的方方面面,從文化意義上說,它又是一部上古社會的百科全書。本文以《說文解字》言部字為研究對象,采用傳統(tǒng)的字形分析、同源字系聯(lián)等方法來全面考釋和梳理《說文》言部245字的本義,構建起言部字的意義系統(tǒng),并將言部字分成表行為的言部字、表態(tài)度的言部字、表狀態(tài)的言部字三個大類,每一大類又根據(jù)意義特征分成若干小組,通過分類分組的考證和比較來闡發(fā)言部字所蘊藏的文化信息。 本文緒論部分總結了前人關于《說文解字》以及《說文解字》言部字研究的成果,并交代了本文的寫作思路和方法。 第一章闡釋了“言”字的含義,構建起了言部字的意義系統(tǒng)。 第二章表行為的言部字,總結歸納了《說文》言部字中所有表示行為的字,并將意義相同或相近的字歸為一組,發(fā)現(xiàn)表指責行為、誹謗行為、議謀行為的字數(shù)量最多。接著從表指責行為、誹謗行為、議謀行為、諷誦行為、證諫行為、稱贊行為的字中分別選取一些,考察其造字理據(jù),闡釋其所反映的文化義。 第三章表態(tài)度的言部字,將表態(tài)度的言部字分成表正面態(tài)度和表負而態(tài)度兩類。其中正面態(tài)度又分成誠信誠懇、謹慎恭敬、和諧和美、智慧聰明四個小類。負面態(tài)度則分成欺詐、大言、偽言三類。然后從這七個小類中分別選取一些字進行考釋和解說。通過研究我們發(fā)現(xiàn),表正面態(tài)度的字的語源一般跟“重”“少”“小”有關,而表負面態(tài)度的字的語源一般跟“輕”“多”“大”有關,二者正好相反。 第四章表狀態(tài)的言部字,分為心理狀態(tài)和物理狀態(tài)兩類。心理狀態(tài)與心情有關,物理狀態(tài)與聲音的大小、語速的快慢、話語的多少有關。通過分析,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)與心情有關的言部字大多與《說文》心部的字相通,表示物理狀態(tài)的字則多與《說文》口部的字相通。而且表悲憤心情、聲音吵鬧、話語很多的字要比表達喜悅心情、安靜環(huán)境、話語少的字多得多。此章,我們僅選取表愉悅心情和悲憤心情的字做一點解說。
[Abstract]:Shuowenjiezi is the first systematic dictionary in our country. The author collects the characters of the five Classics by the method of radical arrangement, and according to the method of radical arrangement, 9353 Chinese characters are divided into 540 radicals, and according to the theory of six books, the characters are analyzed and interpreted.At the same time, Shuo Wen Jie Zi stores the meaning of ancient literature in the way of interpretation, which reflects all aspects of ancient social life. In cultural sense, it is an encyclopedia of ancient society.In this paper, the author takes the word "Shuo Wen Jie Zi" as the object of study, uses the methods of traditional glyph analysis and homologous character combination to comprehensively explain and comb the meaning of "Shuowen > Yanduo 245 words, and to construct the meaning system of the word" Yanbu ".And divide the word into three categories: the word of behavior, the word of attitude, the word of state, each of which is divided into several groups according to the characteristics of meaning.The textual research and comparison of classification and grouping are used to explain the cultural information contained in Yandou character.In the introduction part of this paper, the author summarizes the results of previous researches on the characters of Shuo Wen Jie Zi and Shuo Wen Jie Zi, and explains the writing ideas and methods of this paper.The first chapter explains the meaning of the word "Yan" and constructs the meaning system of the word "Yan".In the second chapter, the author summarizes all the words in the word "Shuo Wen", and classifies the words with the same or similar meanings into a group, and finds that the number of the words "accusation", "libel" and "conspiracy" are the most.Then we choose some of the characters of accusation, libel, negotiation, sarcasm, admonition and praise respectively, and study their motivation and explain the cultural meaning reflected by them.In Chapter 3, the word of attitude is divided into positive attitude and negative attitude.Positive attitude is divided into honesty and sincerity, cautious deference, harmony and beauty, wisdom and cleverness.Negative attitudes are classified into three categories: fraud, big talk, and false speech.Then select some words from the seven subcategories to explain and explain.We find that the etymological source of positive attitude is generally related to "emphasizing" "less" and "small", while the etymology of negative attitude is generally related to "light", "more" and "big", which is the opposite.The fourth chapter lists the words of states, which are divided into two categories: mental state and physical state.The state of mind is related to the mood, the physical state to the size of the sound, the speed of speech, and the number of words.Through analysis, we find that most of the words related to mood are related to the words of the heart, and the words indicating the physical state are mostly related to the words of the mouth.Moreover, there are many more words to express sorrow, anger, noise and words than to express joy, quiet environment, and few words.In this chapter, we only select the words of pleasure and sadness.
【學位授予單位】：南京師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H161

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本文編號：1715892