本文關(guān)鍵詞： 預(yù)設(shè) 預(yù)設(shè)觸發(fā)語(yǔ) 關(guān)聯(lián)理論 對(duì)比研究　出處：《哈爾濱師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：預(yù)設(shè)最先由德國(guó)哲學(xué)家弗雷格(Frege)提出來(lái)的。起初人們對(duì)于預(yù)設(shè)的研究都是停留在語(yǔ)義層面,認(rèn)為預(yù)設(shè)是一種表層的語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu),是一種語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象。隨著研究的深入,語(yǔ)言學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)有些預(yù)設(shè)的問(wèn)題用語(yǔ)義方法是解釋不通的,于是,語(yǔ)用方法很快進(jìn)入了預(yù)設(shè)的研究領(lǐng)域,對(duì)于預(yù)設(shè)的研究也豐富了起來(lái)。目前研究表明,語(yǔ)義預(yù)設(shè)和語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)是預(yù)設(shè)的兩種不同的存在方式,而且是共同存在,相輔相成。語(yǔ)義預(yù)設(shè)是語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)的基礎(chǔ),語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)是語(yǔ)義預(yù)設(shè)的外在功能的表達(dá)。 在以往的研究中,人們通常只是對(duì)預(yù)設(shè)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了深入的研究,但是對(duì)于預(yù)設(shè)的英漢對(duì)比研究還不多見(jiàn)。本文擬從關(guān)聯(lián)理論的視角下,探討預(yù)設(shè)在英漢語(yǔ)篇中的表征,旨在使不同文化背景的人對(duì)不同文化下的預(yù)設(shè)有更全面的理解,進(jìn)而促進(jìn)話語(yǔ)的交流,使不同文化間的交際更具有有效性。 本文以關(guān)聯(lián)理論為依托,從交際者認(rèn)知的角度分析話語(yǔ)中預(yù)設(shè)的建構(gòu),以及如何通過(guò)最佳關(guān)聯(lián)度使預(yù)設(shè)的話語(yǔ)達(dá)到最好的表達(dá)效果。論文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： 1.對(duì)預(yù)設(shè)的現(xiàn)象做了細(xì)致的研究,區(qū)分了預(yù)設(shè)與斷言,蘊(yùn)含,言外之意等相似概念的差別。對(duì)預(yù)設(shè)及觸發(fā)語(yǔ)進(jìn)行了重新的分類。 2.對(duì)關(guān)聯(lián)理論進(jìn)行了深入的解讀,對(duì)于預(yù)設(shè)在關(guān)聯(lián)原則視角下的表征進(jìn)行深入分析,對(duì)預(yù)設(shè)與認(rèn)知關(guān)聯(lián)的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了深刻的探討。明確了語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè)和認(rèn)知語(yǔ)境的內(nèi)在關(guān)聯(lián)性以及預(yù)設(shè)與關(guān)聯(lián)期待的關(guān)系。在言語(yǔ)交際中,設(shè)定預(yù)設(shè)時(shí)最佳關(guān)聯(lián)需要滿足的因素,以及使交際順暢的首要條件。 3.論文對(duì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)篇中的預(yù)設(shè)進(jìn)行比性研究,主要是英漢觸發(fā)語(yǔ)的對(duì)比研究、英漢預(yù)設(shè)的現(xiàn)象對(duì)比,以及英漢高低文化語(yǔ)境下預(yù)設(shè)的不同表征對(duì)比研究。研究表明,預(yù)設(shè)在漢語(yǔ)高語(yǔ)境和英語(yǔ)低語(yǔ)境的環(huán)境中,預(yù)設(shè)的表現(xiàn)方式存在差異性,究其原因是漢語(yǔ)高語(yǔ)境與英語(yǔ)低語(yǔ)境的文化及知識(shí)背景差異對(duì)預(yù)設(shè)有著深刻的影響。從關(guān)聯(lián)的視角看,預(yù)設(shè)表征的差異性還與話語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)境及關(guān)聯(lián)因素和滿足話語(yǔ)的最佳關(guān)聯(lián)度有著密切的關(guān)系。 本論文研究具有一定的理論和實(shí)踐意義,在理論方面,本論文從關(guān)聯(lián)理論視域下探討英漢語(yǔ)用預(yù)設(shè),以及英漢高低語(yǔ)境下的不同表征,為本學(xué)科研究提供新的研究視角。在實(shí)踐方面,論文對(duì)英漢語(yǔ)篇中的預(yù)設(shè)進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究,分析英漢語(yǔ)預(yù)設(shè)表征的不同特點(diǎn),以及英漢高低語(yǔ)境的不同文化,對(duì)跨文化語(yǔ)用研究和文化研究提供一定的啟示。
[Abstract]:Presupposition was first put forward by the German philosopher Frege.At first, the study of presupposition was at the semantic level, and presupposition was regarded as a superficial linguistic structure and a linguistic phenomenon. Linguists find that some presupposition problems can not be explained by semantic methods, so pragmatic methods quickly enter the field of presupposition research and enrich the research on presupposition. Semantic presupposition and pragmatic presupposition are two different ways of presupposition, and they exist together and complement each other. Semantic presupposition is the basis of pragmatic presupposition, and pragmatic presupposition is the expression of external function of semantic presupposition. In previous studies, people have studied presupposition phenomena in depth, but there are few contrastive studies on presupposition in English and Chinese. From the perspective of relevance theory, this thesis intends to explore the representation of presupposition in English and Chinese discourse. The purpose is to make people from different cultural backgrounds have a more comprehensive understanding of the presupposition in different cultures, thus promoting the exchange of discourse and making intercultural communication more effective. Based on relevance theory, this paper analyzes the construction of presupposition in discourse from the perspective of communicator's cognition, and how to achieve the best expressive effect of presupposition utterance through optimal correlation degree. The main contents of this thesis are as follows:. 1. The phenomenon of presupposition is studied in detail, and the differences of similar concepts such as presupposition and assertion, implication, implicature and so on are distinguished, and the presupposition and trigger are reclassified. 2. The relevance theory is deeply interpreted, and the preset representation from the perspective of relevance principle is deeply analyzed. This paper probes into the relationship between presupposition and cognitive relevance. It clarifies the relationship between pragmatic presupposition and cognitive context and the relationship between presupposition and relevance expectation. And the first condition for smooth communication. 3. The thesis makes a comparative study of presupposition in English discourse, mainly the contrastive study of English and Chinese triggers, the contrastive study of presupposition between English and Chinese, and the contrastive study of different representations of presupposition in English and Chinese high and low cultural contexts. In the context of Chinese high context and English low context, presupposition has different expression style. The reason is that the cultural and knowledge background differences between Chinese high context and English low context have profound influence on presupposition. The difference of preset representation is also closely related to the context and relevance factors of utterance and the optimal correlation degree of satisfying utterance. The present study is of theoretical and practical significance. In theory, this thesis explores pragmatic presupposition in English and Chinese from the perspective of relevance theory, as well as the different representations of English and Chinese in high and low context. In practice, the thesis makes a contrastive study of presupposition in English and Chinese texts, and analyzes the different characteristics of presupposition in English and Chinese, as well as the different cultures in both English and Chinese context. It provides some enlightenment to cross-cultural pragmatic study and cultural study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H136;H313

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