本文選題：新疆焉耆地區(qū) + 非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)��； 參考：《新疆師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：花兒是流傳在西北甘、青、寧、新四�。▍^(qū)）回、漢、撒拉、東鄉(xiāng)、保安、裕固、土族、藏族等民族中的一種山歌形式，又稱(chēng)“少年”或“野曲”。1它歷史悠久、內(nèi)容豐富，是中國(guó)豐富多彩的民間音樂(lè)中獨(dú)具特色的一支“藝術(shù)奇葩”。回族是花兒歌種傳承與發(fā)展的主要民族，回族花兒帶有濃郁的地域特點(diǎn)和民族特色。新疆回族的花兒主要是源自青海省和甘肅省的“河湟花兒”，是一種山歌體民歌。2花兒在新疆主要分布在昌吉回族自治州、伊犁哈薩克自治州和焉耆回族自治縣等地區(qū)。 新疆的花兒除保持了原有的唱腔和韻味外，還大量吸收與融合了當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕�，因而在花兒的句式、押韻形式、襯字、襯詞、襯句及演唱上，都形成了自己的風(fēng)格，成為別具特色的新疆花兒。其中，焉耆回族花兒主要為河州（甘肅省臨夏回族自治州）類(lèi)型。焉耆回民來(lái)自于青海、寧夏、甘肅地區(qū)，在漫長(zhǎng)的歷史發(fā)展中，經(jīng)過(guò)不斷的民族遷徙與融合，焉耆花兒在繼承了河州花兒的基礎(chǔ)上，不斷演變，形成了自己獨(dú)特的風(fēng)格。2006年，焉耆花兒和昌吉花兒合并成“新疆花兒”正式被國(guó)務(wù)院列為第一批國(guó)家非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)。 花兒作為西北地區(qū)獨(dú)特的民間藝術(shù)形式，一直被國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者關(guān)注，但是研究者大多關(guān)注的是甘肅、青海等地的花兒，新疆花兒（尤其是焉耆花兒）卻少有人探討。本文通過(guò)大量的田野調(diào)查，對(duì)焉耆花兒藝術(shù)的藝術(shù)載體進(jìn)行分析，并結(jié)合傳承現(xiàn)狀，總結(jié)和反思現(xiàn)有傳承的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，探索更科學(xué)和可持續(xù)的保護(hù)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)的方法，以達(dá)到開(kāi)拓和發(fā)展新的少數(shù)民族文化在當(dāng)今社會(huì)的空間。 全文共分五部分：第一部分是緒論。主要對(duì)本文章的研究目的和緣起、研究現(xiàn)狀、研究的內(nèi)容和方法進(jìn)行評(píng)述。第二部分是對(duì)焉耆花兒產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展的生態(tài)環(huán)境做較為詳細(xì)的闡述。全面的展現(xiàn)焉耆花兒產(chǎn)生的歷史、地理、人文背景和起源。第三部分是焉耆花兒的本體分析。通過(guò)與河湟花兒的對(duì)比來(lái)分析焉耆花兒的歌詞、旋律特點(diǎn)。第四部分是焉耆花兒傳承現(xiàn)狀的調(diào)查。通過(guò)傳承現(xiàn)狀的調(diào)查，，分析焉耆花兒在焉耆的傳承方式。第五部分是焉耆花兒傳承現(xiàn)狀的思考。結(jié)合當(dāng)代花兒藝術(shù)傳承現(xiàn)狀，提出完善和建立傳承體系的措施。
[Abstract]:Flowers are a form of folk songs circulating in northwest Gansu, Qing, Ning, New four provinces (districts), Han, Sala, Dongxiang, Baoan, Yugu, Tu, Tibetan, etc., also known as "teenagers" or "Wild songs" .1 it has a long history and is rich in content. China's colorful folk music is unique in a "rare flower of art." Hui nationality is the main nationality in the inheritance and development of flowers and songs, and the flowers of Hui nationality have rich regional and national characteristics. The flowers of Hui nationality in Xinjiang are mainly from "Hehuang Flower" in Qinghai Province and Gansu Province. It is a kind of folk song, which is mainly distributed in Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture and Yanqi Hui Autonomous County in Xinjiang. In addition to maintaining the original singing and rhyme, the flowers in Xinjiang have also absorbed and merged the local culture in a large number. As a result, they have formed their own style in the sentence patterns, rhyme forms, lined characters, lining words, lining sentences and singing of the flowers. To become a unique Xinjiang flower. Among them, Yanqi Hui mainly for the type of Huizhou (Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Province). Yanqi Hui people come from Qinghai, Ningxia and Gansu regions. In the course of long historical development, Yanqi flowers have evolved and formed their own unique style on the basis of inheriting the flowers of Hezhou through the continuous migration and integration of nationalities. In 2006, Yanqi Flower and Changji Flower merged into Xinjiang Flower, which was officially listed as the first national intangible cultural heritage by the State Council. As a unique form of folk art in Northwest China, scholars at home and abroad have been paying close attention to it. However, most of the researchers pay attention to the flowers in Gansu, Qinghai and other places, but the flowers in Xinjiang (especially in Yanqi) are seldom discussed. Through a lot of fieldwork, this paper analyzes the artistic carrier of Yanqi art, and combines with the present situation of inheritance, summarizes and reflects on the merits and demerits of the existing heritage, and explores more scientific and sustainable methods to protect the intangible cultural heritage. In order to open up and develop new minority culture in today's society space. The paper is divided into five parts: the first part is the introduction. This paper mainly reviews the purpose and origin of this article, research status, research content and methods. The second part is to elaborate the ecological environment of Yanqi flower production and development in detail. A comprehensive display of the history, geography, human background and origin of Yanqi flowers. The third part is the ontology analysis of Yanqi flower. This paper analyzes the lyrics and melody of Yanqi flowers by comparing them with Hehuang flowers. The fourth part is the investigation of the status quo of Yanqi flower inheritance. Through the investigation of the present situation of inheritance, this paper analyzes the inheritance of Yanqi flower in Yanqi. The fifth part is the present situation of Yanqi flower inheritance. Combined with the present situation of contemporary flower art inheritance, the measures to perfect and establish inheritance system are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：J607

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