本文選題：低碳景觀　切入點(diǎn)：可持續(xù)景觀　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：大量的人類活動造成了溫室氣體大量排放,從而改變了全球氣候和自然環(huán)境。在傳統(tǒng)認(rèn)知下,所有的景觀設(shè)計對于環(huán)境和社會都有積極的效應(yīng),發(fā)揮碳氧平衡是城市景觀的重要的環(huán)境功能,景觀中的綠地通過光合作用,吸收空氣中的CO_2,釋放O_2,制造新鮮的空氣。但是實際情況是如同其他人類活動一樣,景觀設(shè)計在其全生命周期中也會產(chǎn)生大量的CO_2。因此,論文以景觀建設(shè)的可持續(xù)理念為基礎(chǔ),對低碳景觀的營造體系及策略進(jìn)行探討,研究分為四個部分:首先,論文以建筑全生命周期的相關(guān)研究為切入點(diǎn),在建筑的全生命周期中,根據(jù)全生命周期的相關(guān)概念,提出建筑在材料生產(chǎn)、建造、日常使用維護(hù)階段和建筑廢棄拆除階段CO_2排放量的相關(guān)計算公式及影響因素。其次,研究以可持續(xù)景觀為基礎(chǔ),提出低碳景觀的相關(guān)概念,并且針對目前已經(jīng)建立的以CO_2為評價指標(biāo)的景觀評價體系進(jìn)行匯總,同時借鑒建筑全生命周期CO_2評估體系,提出景觀全生命周期CO_2評估體系,包含碳源和碳匯兩個部分。碳源主要包含景觀材料生產(chǎn)、建造、日常使用維護(hù)和更新及拆除階段的碳源,在分析碳源的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)不同的可持續(xù)景觀評價體系在這些方面的評價內(nèi)容,提出減少碳源的重點(diǎn)考慮原則和相關(guān)啟示。碳匯主要包含景觀綠色植物、利用廢棄材料和再生能源利用的碳匯,碳匯體系中主要介紹了景觀綠色植物的碳匯的計算軟件和方法,同時對其他因素間接增加碳匯的實例進(jìn)行了研究分析。同時,論文提出景觀全生命周期中碳源和碳匯的比較方法,針對天津仕林苑居住區(qū)景觀實例,進(jìn)行實地考察,結(jié)合建造過程中的相關(guān)基礎(chǔ)資料,對景觀實例在其全生命周期中的碳源和碳匯進(jìn)行分析。研究得出仕林苑居住區(qū)碳源和碳匯量在其40年時才可達(dá)到平衡的結(jié)果。針對此種情況,根據(jù)前文中提出的減少碳源和增加碳匯的相關(guān)策略,對改造情景下的碳源和碳匯進(jìn)行分析,得到居住區(qū)全生命周期下的碳源和碳匯量在其生命年限的20年可達(dá)到平衡的結(jié)果。從而以實例說明通過有效的措施是可以減少景觀中的碳源,提高景觀中的碳匯量,使居住區(qū)景觀達(dá)到更好的生態(tài)效益。最后,根據(jù)上述的研究成果,論文在可持續(xù)理念下低碳景觀標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步探討低碳景觀營造策略,將可持續(xù)理念下的低碳景觀的策略體系從策略實施的主體和具體的營造策略兩個方面進(jìn)行具體分析,同時提出了低碳景觀策略體系的控制性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
[Abstract]:A lot of human activity has caused a lot of greenhouse gas emissions, which has changed the global climate and the natural environment. In the traditional view, all landscape designs have positive effects on the environment and society. Exerting carbon and oxygen balance is an important environmental function of the urban landscape. The green space in the landscape absorbs CO2 in the air through photosynthesis, releases O\ -2, and makes fresh air. But in reality, as in other human activities, Landscape design also produces a lot of CO2s in its whole life cycle. Therefore, based on the sustainable concept of landscape construction, this paper discusses the construction system and strategy of low-carbon landscape. The research is divided into four parts: first, In the whole life cycle of architecture, according to the concept of the whole life cycle, the paper puts forward the construction in the production and construction of materials. The calculation formulas and influencing factors of CO_2 emissions in daily use maintenance stage and building waste demolition stage. Secondly, based on sustainable landscape, the related concept of low-carbon landscape is put forward. Based on the existing landscape evaluation system based on CO_2, and using the architecture life cycle CO_2 evaluation system for reference, a landscape life cycle CO_2 evaluation system is put forward. Carbon source includes two parts: carbon source and carbon sink. Carbon source mainly includes the carbon source of landscape material production, construction, daily use, maintenance and renewal, and demolition phase. Based on the analysis of carbon source, According to the evaluation contents of different sustainable landscape evaluation systems in these aspects, the paper puts forward the key consideration principle and relevant enlightenment of reducing carbon sources. Carbon sinks mainly include landscape green plants, carbon sinks using waste materials and renewable energy. This paper mainly introduces the calculation software and method of carbon sink of landscape green plants in carbon sequestration system. At the same time, the examples of other factors indirectly increasing carbon sink are studied and analyzed. This paper puts forward a comparative method of carbon source and carbon sink in the whole life cycle of landscape, and makes a field investigation on the landscape example of residential area in Tianjin Shilin Garden, combining with the relevant basic data in the construction process. This paper analyzes the carbon sources and carbon sinks of landscape examples in their whole life cycle. The results show that the carbon sources and carbon sinks in residential areas of Shilin Garden can only reach equilibrium in 40 years. In view of this situation, According to the related strategies of reducing carbon sources and increasing carbon sinks, the carbon sources and sinks under the transformation scenario are analyzed. The results show that the carbon source and carbon sink in the whole life cycle of residential area can be balanced in the 20 years of their life life. Thus, the effective measures can reduce the carbon source in the landscape and increase the carbon sink in the landscape, and the example shows that the carbon source in the landscape can be reduced and the carbon sink in the landscape can be increased through effective measures. Finally, according to the above research results, based on the sustainable concept of low-carbon landscape standard system, the paper further discusses the low carbon landscape construction strategy. The strategy system of low carbon landscape under the sustainable concept is analyzed from two aspects: the main body of the implementation of the strategy and the specific construction strategy, and the control standard of the low carbon landscape strategy system is put forward at the same time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU986
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本文編號：1660688