本文選題：元代繪畫　切入點：文人畫　出處：《山東師范大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：中國畫是中國藝術之瑰寶,在中國畫漫長的發(fā)展歷程中,元代繪畫光彩熠熠,尤為奪目。鑒于元代特殊的社會歷史文化背景,文人成為元代繪畫的主體,并將宋代已經逐步發(fā)展起來的文人畫推向了頂峰。元代繪畫作為文人的精神寄托,蘊含著豐富而鮮明的文人精神,也正是源于文人精神的彰顯,才使得元代繪畫至今依然光彩奪目、令人神往。研究元代繪畫中的文人精神,不僅旨在從元代畫家主體入手,深入挖掘元代繪畫風格形成的內在原因,同時也通過對繪畫中文人精神的批判認識,全面地呈現(xiàn)元代文人的價值取向和人生追求,并試圖為當下的繪畫藝術創(chuàng)作提供一些指引,或引發(fā)一點反思。本文包括緒論、正文(分為四章)、結語三個部分。緒論部分主要包括元代繪畫的大體概觀和目前國內外在該領域的研究現(xiàn)狀。第一章主要對“文人”和“文人精神”的概念進行了探析。首先對“文人”概念進行了梳理,通過對不同時期“文人”概念的厘清,展現(xiàn)了自戰(zhàn)國時期至今文人概念的流變。其次從“文人”與“士”的區(qū)別中進一步明晰了“文人”的概念。最后對“文人精神”的概念進行了界定,并將志道精神、生命精神、人格精神作為文人精神的主要特征。第二章主要介紹了元代繪畫中文人精神形成的社會文化背景。第一節(jié),“外族統(tǒng)治下的文化省思”,主要展現(xiàn)了宋末士風的凋敝以及在蒙古族統(tǒng)治的特殊境遇下,元代文人進行了深入反思,并作出了投身藝術的人生選擇。第二節(jié),“寬平之政下的文人雅集”,介紹了元代給予文人的寬松環(huán)境以及在這種環(huán)境中興盛的文人集會、郊游等活動。第三節(jié),“文人畫壇地位的提升”,講述了宮廷繪畫在元代的衰弱以及文人在繪畫領域中獨占鰲頭。第三章是本文的主體部分,主要從志道精神、生命精神、人格精神三個方面對元代繪畫中的文人精神進行了剖析。第一節(jié),“元代繪畫中的志道精神”,從文人“志于道”的特點出發(fā),通過元初遺民畫家的民族情懷以及文化省思后的傳統(tǒng)延續(xù)兩個方面,對繪畫中所蘊含的志道精神進行了詳細介紹。第二節(jié)“元代繪畫中的生命精神”,首先介紹了生命精神在畫家生活狀態(tài)中的呈現(xiàn),即山水之中的生命寄存,其次介紹了生命精神在繪畫作品中的呈現(xiàn),也就是“逸格”畫風的形成。第三節(jié),“元代繪畫中的人格精神”,一方面通過元代畫家對于“人品”與“畫品”的認識,挖掘出元代畫家對自然人格的獨特追崇,另一方面通過元代繪畫中“君子”題材的盛行,展現(xiàn)文人對于獨立人格的追尋。第四章對元代繪畫中的文人精神進行了批判認識。第一節(jié),“汲汲于功名的入仕欲望”,通過對王蒙、王冕的個例研究,展現(xiàn)了元代仕途不暢的境遇中,壓抑在文人內心的入仕欲望以及這種汲汲之心在畫家作品中的呈現(xiàn)。第二節(jié),“玉山雅集中的旁觀者姿態(tài)”,通過對玉山雅集中畫家心態(tài)的探究,展現(xiàn)出末世之時文人對于社會變遷的旁觀態(tài)度。結語部分探討了元代繪畫中的文人精神對當下繪畫尤其是文人畫創(chuàng)作的現(xiàn)實意義,同時也提出了本文的不足以及有待研究的領域。
[Abstract]:Chinese painting is a treasure of China art, painting a long course of development in China, the Yuan Dynasty painting shine, particularly eye-catching. In view of the special social historical and cultural background, become the subject of literati painting in the Yuan Dynasty, the literati paintings and the Song Dynasty has gradually developed to the peak. The Yuan Dynasty painting as a scholar of spiritual sustenance, implication rich Literati Spirit and distinctive, it is also demonstrated from the spirit of the literati, the Yuan Dynasty painting is still fascinating. The research The brightness dazzles the eyes. spirit of the literati in the Yuan Dynasty, the painting not only aims to start from the Yuan Dynasty painter subject, dig the inherent reason of the Yuan Dynasty painting style formation, but also through the criticism of painting Chinese spirit understanding, comprehensive presentation of Yuan dynasty literati values and pursuit of life, and tries to provide some guidance for the art of painting, or a little counter Scarlett. This paper consists of introduction, text (four chapters) and the conclusion three parts. The introduction part mainly includes the general overview of the Yuan Dynasty painting and current research status of this field at home and abroad. In the first chapter, the main concepts of "literati" and "Literati Spirit" are discussed. Firstly, the concept of "literati" combing through different period of "literati" to clarify the concept, show the changes from the Warring States period since the concept of literati. Secondly from the difference between "literati" and "Shi" in the further clarity of the "literati" concept. At the end of the "spirit of the literati" was defined, and the spirit of ztop, life the spirit of personality as the main characteristics of the spirit of the literati. The second chapter mainly introduces the Yuan Dynasty painting Chinese spirit formed the social and cultural background. In the first section, "under the rule of the foreign cultural reflection", mainly to show the end of Song Dynasty Scholars The decline in special circumstances and Mongolian rule, the yuan scholars conducted in-depth reflection, and made into art life choices. The second section, "the literati Gallery" wide of the government of the Yuan dynasty literati introduced give relaxed environment and in this environment the prosperity of the literati gatherings and other activities, outing third. "Literati painting Festival, the promotion of the position of" tells the story of the palace painting champion in the field of painting in the Yuan Dynasty. And the literati. The third chapter is the main part of this paper, mainly from the ztop spirit, the spirit of life, the three aspects of personality to analyze the spirit of the literati painting in the Yuan Dynasty. In the first section, "Yuan Dynasty in the painting of ztop spirit", starting from the characteristics of literati "Chi Tao", by the early Yuan Dynasty painters national feelings and cultural reflection of the continuation of traditional two aspects of painting in the history contains Spirit in detail. The second section "the Yuan Dynasty painting in the spirit of life", first introduced the spirit of life in life in the painter's life, namely the landscape storage, followed by the introduction of the spirit of life presented in the paintings, it is formation of "Yige" style. The third section, "the Yuan Dynasty painting in the spirit of personality", on the one hand, the Yuan Dynasty painter for "character" and "painting" the understanding, dig out the unique personality of the Yuan Dynasty painter duichong, on the other hand through the Yuan Dynasty painting "gentleman" theme of the popular show, literati pursuit of the independent personality. The fourth chapter makes a critical understanding the spirit of the literati painting in the Yuan Dynasty. In the first section, "trying to fame into Shi desire" by Wang Meng, a case study of Wang Mian, to show the poor situation in the career, in the heart of the depression This is the heart of desire and Shi in the works of artists in the show. In section second, "Yushan Ya concentrated bystander attitude", by exploring the mentality of the Yushan painter focused elegant, showing the eschatological writers of social change and attitude. The conclusion part of the spirit of the literati painting in Yuan Dynasty, especially the realistic significance of the literati painting of the painting, but also put forward the deficiencies and the field for further study.

【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：J212

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