本文關(guān)鍵詞：內(nèi)蒙古中溫型與暖溫型草原區(qū)城市景觀格局變化及植物多樣性比較研究　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 城市擴(kuò)張 景觀格局 植物多樣性 中溫型與暖溫型草原區(qū)

【摘要】：隨著產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整、經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和人口的快速增長(zhǎng),我國(guó)進(jìn)入快速城市化階段,城市空間快速擴(kuò)張。城市擴(kuò)張不僅造成城市區(qū)域景觀格局的改變,也對(duì)邊緣區(qū)產(chǎn)生影響,同時(shí)也影響區(qū)域植物多樣性。內(nèi)蒙古地區(qū)景觀類型豐富,生態(tài)環(huán)境較脆弱,城市化對(duì)區(qū)域景觀格局及生物多樣性產(chǎn)生重大影響。本文選取中溫型草原區(qū)城市錫林浩特市、二連浩特市和暖溫型草原區(qū)城市鄂爾多斯市東勝區(qū)、康巴什新區(qū)為研究對(duì)象,以TM影像為基礎(chǔ),并通過(guò)實(shí)地植物群落調(diào)查,研究了城市及其邊緣區(qū)景觀格局變化及對(duì)植物多樣性的影響,并得出以下結(jié)論:(1)中溫型草原區(qū)城市和暖溫型草原區(qū)城市擴(kuò)張導(dǎo)致建設(shè)用地面積增大,區(qū)域景觀破碎化程度、景觀異質(zhì)化程度增強(qiáng),各斑塊之間的連通性減弱。中溫型草原區(qū)城市草地面積減小,破碎化程度增加,耕地、林地、建設(shè)用地、未利用土地面積增加,草地向建設(shè)用地、林地和未利用土地轉(zhuǎn)變。暖溫型草原區(qū)城市耕地、草地、未利用土地面積減小,破碎化程度增加,林地、建設(shè)用地面積增大,連通性增強(qiáng)。(2)時(shí)間尺度上,城市擴(kuò)張導(dǎo)致中溫型草原區(qū)城市和暖溫型草原區(qū)城市邊緣區(qū)建設(shè)用地面積增大,結(jié)合度增強(qiáng)。中溫型草原區(qū)城市邊緣區(qū)景觀破碎化程度、異質(zhì)化程度增加,斑塊間連通性減弱,斑塊形狀趨于規(guī)則,建設(shè)用地進(jìn)一步增大,成主要景觀類型時(shí),景觀破碎化程度、異質(zhì)化程度減弱。同時(shí),城市擴(kuò)張導(dǎo)致中溫型草原區(qū)城市邊緣區(qū)草地減少,未利用土地增加。暖溫型草原區(qū)城市擴(kuò)張過(guò)程中,邊緣區(qū)景觀格局變化無(wú)明顯規(guī)律,草地、未利用土地減少,城市建成區(qū)擴(kuò)張范圍內(nèi)耕地減少。(3)空間尺度上,隨著與城市距離的增加,中溫型草原區(qū)城市和暖溫型草原區(qū)城市邊緣區(qū)中各斑塊形狀趨于規(guī)則。中溫型草原區(qū)城市邊緣區(qū)景觀破碎化程度、景觀異質(zhì)化程度降低,連通性增強(qiáng)。暖溫型草原區(qū)城市邊緣區(qū)景觀破碎化程度無(wú)明顯規(guī)律。(4)中溫型草原區(qū)城市和暖溫型草原區(qū)城市市區(qū)中植物物種總數(shù)顯著高于自然群落,多年生草本所占比例顯著低于自然群落,中生植物所占比例顯著高于自然群落,且市區(qū)中有濕生植物出現(xiàn)。市區(qū)植物多樣性高于自然群落,但均勻度低于自然群落。植物主要集中在豆科、菊科、禾本科等世界大科中。中溫型草原區(qū)城市市區(qū)多年生草本植物所占比例明顯低于暖溫型草原區(qū)城市。
[Abstract]:With the adjustment of industrial structure, rapid economic development and population growth, China has entered the stage of Rapid City, the rapid expansion of the city space. City expansion not only cause city regional landscape pattern change, also affect the edge area, also affect the plant diversity. Landscape types in Inner Mongolia region is abundant in ecological environment fragile city have a significant impact on the regional landscape pattern and biodiversity. The temperature in selected grassland area of Xilinhaote City, Erenhot city and warm temperate grassland Ordos City District City Dongsheng District, Kangbashi district as the research object, using TM image as the foundation, and through field investigation of plant community, the landscape and the city the pattern of fringe changes and effects on plant diversity, and draw the following conclusions: (1) in temperate grassland zone and warm temperate steppe type city city expansion led to build A land area increase, regional landscape fragmentation, landscape heterogeneity degree is increasing, the connectivity between patches decreased. In temperate grassland area city grassland area decreased, the fragmentation degree increased, cultivated land, woodland, construction land, unused land area increased, the grass to construction land, woodland and unused land change. Warm city in warm steppe type of cultivated land, grassland, unused land area decreased, the degree of fragmentation increased, forest land, construction land area increased, enhanced connectivity. (2) the time scale, the city expansion leads to the increase of land area in temperate grassland and warm temperate steppe type city city fringe area the construction of the combination of enhanced. In temperate grassland area of the city fringe area landscape fragmentation degree, the degree of heterogeneity increased connectivity between patches decreased, patch shape becomes regular, the construction land increased, as the main landscape types, the landscape is broken The degree of fragmentation, the degree of heterogeneity decreased. At the same time, in the city expansion leads to temperate grassland area of the city fringe area of grassland decreased, unused land increased. Warm temperate steppe region city expansion process, landscape pattern change of the edge is not obvious, grassland, unused land decreased, the city built-up area expansion within the scope of the reduction of arable land. (3) the spatial scale, and with the increase of city distance, the patch shape tended to rule in temperate grassland area of the city and warm temperate grassland area of the city fringe area. In temperate grassland area of the city fringe area landscape fragmentation, landscape heterogeneity decreased, enhanced connectivity. No obvious rules of warm type city fringe area steppe landscape fragmentation degree. (4) in temperate grassland zone and warm temperate steppe plant city city urban areas in the total number of species was significantly higher than that of natural communities, perennial herbaceous proportion was significantly lower than that of natural group In the fall, the proportion of plants was significantly higher than that of natural communities, and urban in hygrophytes. Urban plant diversity is higher than that of natural communities, but the evenness is lower than the natural plant community. Mainly concentrated in the Leguminosae, Compositae, Gramineae and other families. The world accounted for in temperate grassland area in city perennial proportion was significantly lower than that in warm temperate steppe areas of the city.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：Q948;TU984

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 林寧;關(guān)學(xué)彬;麥全法;;三亞市10年間景觀格局變化分析[J];農(nóng)學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2017年02期

2 崔王平;李陽(yáng)兵;郭輝;陳萌萌;;重慶市不同空間尺度建設(shè)用地演進(jìn)特征與景觀格局分析[J];長(zhǎng)江流域資源與環(huán)境;2017年01期

3 陳永林;謝炳庚;李曉青;;長(zhǎng)沙市城市擴(kuò)張對(duì)邊緣區(qū)景觀格局的影響[J];地理與地理信息科學(xué);2016年02期

4 楊陽(yáng);劉秉儒;;寧夏荒漠草原不同群落生物多樣性與生物量關(guān)系及影響因子分析[J];草業(yè)學(xué)報(bào);2015年10期

5 張飛飛;田亦陳;尹鍇;李旋旗;文美平;袁超;;快速城市化對(duì)濱海城市景觀格局演變的影響[J];中國(guó)人口·資源與環(huán)境;2015年S1期

6 武晶;劉志民;;生境破碎化對(duì)生物多樣性的影響研究綜述[J];生態(tài)學(xué)雜志;2014年07期

7 黃寶榮;張慧智;王學(xué)志;;城市擴(kuò)張對(duì)北京市城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)合部自然和農(nóng)業(yè)景觀的影響——以昌平區(qū)三鎮(zhèn)為例[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2014年22期

8 王瑩;邢立新;潘軍;楊東旭;王靜;曹會(huì);;城市擴(kuò)張對(duì)景觀格局變化影響研究[J];江西農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報(bào);2013年01期

9 毛齊正;羅上華;馬克明;鄔建國(guó);唐榮莉;張育新;寶樂(lè);張?zhí)?;城市綠地生態(tài)評(píng)價(jià)研究進(jìn)展[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2012年17期

10 陳明星;葉超;周義;;城市化速度曲線及其政策啟示——對(duì)諾瑟姆曲線的討論與發(fā)展[J];地理研究;2011年08期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 孟彩紅;基于GIS的蘭州城市景觀研究[D];蘭州大學(xué);2008年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 何孫鵬;呼和浩特市區(qū)城市空間擴(kuò)展的景觀生態(tài)安全評(píng)價(jià)研究[D];內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué);2016年

2 卞曉慶;合肥市景觀格局?jǐn)?shù)量分析與生態(tài)安全評(píng)價(jià)[D];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2010年

3 王捍衛(wèi);基于RS和GIS的武漢城市綠地景觀格局分析[D];華中師范大學(xué);2009年

4 支繼輝;鄭州市邊緣區(qū)綠色空間格局梯度變化分析[D];河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2008年

，

本文編號(hào)：1426165