職業(yè)譯員與非職業(yè)譯員處理政論語體信息方式方法的對比研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-29 06:59
【摘要】：目前,我國的俄漢口譯研究還處于初步發(fā)展階段。從研究成果上看,涵蓋主題仍比較狹窄,主要集中于口譯職業(yè)化發(fā)展道路、口譯教學(xué)項(xiàng)目、口譯筆記探析、譯員必備素質(zhì)、譯員的角色定位、跨文化交際、職業(yè)道德題等幾個(gè)理論性比較強(qiáng)的方面。受俄漢口譯語料庫條件的限制,在口譯認(rèn)知過程研究、信息處理技巧策略、口譯的人際互動(dòng)等實(shí)踐性比較強(qiáng)的方面鮮有成果。即使有,也只是單一簡略地討論在口譯過程中信息處理的某個(gè)技巧,例如補(bǔ)譯、簡譯、選詞、詞序調(diào)整,某個(gè)策略例如停頓、糾正、忽略、整理等一個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容。但是在現(xiàn)實(shí)的口譯工作中,譯員會(huì)遇到許多無法預(yù)料到的問題,不可能用同一種方法就能應(yīng)付整場翻譯中出現(xiàn)的問題,而在現(xiàn)階段關(guān)于這方面的綜合性研究成果則是少之又少。 并且,目前在口譯行業(yè)活躍的僅僅有少部分人是取得相關(guān)資格證書、掌握專業(yè)技能的職業(yè)譯員,更多的還是由高校教師、外語學(xué)生、會(huì)說外語的其他行業(yè)的社會(huì)工作人員等組成的非職業(yè)譯員隊(duì)伍。專業(yè)譯者除了具備優(yōu)秀的雙語能力、熟練的口譯技能之外,還綜合了技能與策略的綜合運(yùn)用以及專業(yè)知識(shí)與百科知識(shí)的掌握等,他們的信息處理方式及翻譯質(zhì)量與非職業(yè)譯員相比有很大的區(qū)別。因此,本論文研究的目的則是,透過職業(yè)譯員和非職業(yè)譯員的口譯表現(xiàn),比較他們在政論語體中在語言、技巧及策略運(yùn)用上的異同,并歸納出職業(yè)譯員與非職業(yè)譯員處理信息的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。藉此,盼能對口譯員的專業(yè)能力可有更精準(zhǔn)的描述,同時(shí)透過具體而有論據(jù)的條理化分析,為口譯教學(xué)與口譯質(zhì)量評(píng)估,提供更貼近實(shí)務(wù)的運(yùn)作模式。 本文的創(chuàng)新之處在于：一、歸納概括了職業(yè)譯員和非職業(yè)譯員的特點(diǎn)。二、將口譯理論和修辭學(xué)的理論知識(shí)結(jié)合起來。通過對政論語體的語用特點(diǎn)、適用場合和政論語體中對口譯的要求的闡述,對比了職業(yè)譯員和非職業(yè)譯員在政論語體口譯中信息處理的情況。三、用大量生動(dòng)的例子而不是純理論描述論證了在口譯過程中職業(yè)譯員和非職業(yè)譯員的心理素質(zhì)和職業(yè)道德遵守情況。 本論文主體部分由四章構(gòu)成：第一章對口譯的歷史與發(fā)展以及口譯人員的職業(yè)化進(jìn)展做了詳細(xì)的闡述,并統(tǒng)計(jì)口譯人員在社會(huì)各行各業(yè)分別所占比重；第二章闡述了政論語體的特點(diǎn)、適用場合以及政論語體對口譯話語的要求；第三章通過對職業(yè)譯員口譯材料的收集、歸納、分析、整理,分析了其翻譯特點(diǎn)；第四章通過對非職業(yè)譯員口譯材料的收集、歸納、分析、整理,分析了其翻譯特點(diǎn)。 研究得出的結(jié)論有： 1.職業(yè)譯員掌握語言、翻譯、溝通技巧,熟悉所屬工作領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)術(shù)語,是以口譯為生的一類專業(yè)人員。他們持有專業(yè)資格證書,有一定的工作年數(shù),并且嚴(yán)格遵守職業(yè)道德。反之,則為非職業(yè)譯員。 2.職業(yè)譯員在口譯人員總數(shù)中只占10-11%。在某一具體行業(yè)中工作的口譯人員占口譯從業(yè)者總數(shù)超過30%,并且在經(jīng)貿(mào)、能源、電子科技、機(jī)械及文化教育等領(lǐng)域工作的口譯者人數(shù)相對多于其在法律、礦業(yè)與傳媒領(lǐng)域的人數(shù)。除此之外,研究顯示,專門翻譯某一具體行業(yè)材料的口譯從業(yè)者在公司企業(yè)的的比重高于其在翻譯機(jī)構(gòu)的比重,若翻譯工作沒有行業(yè)之分的話,情況剛好相反。 3.由于在使用政論語體的正式場合的政治性非常明顯,話語模糊委婉,用詞極有分寸；其措詞經(jīng)過反復(fù)雕琢推敲,語段邏輯性強(qiáng),表達(dá)風(fēng)格極為正式；因此在此場合的口譯特別注重翻譯的準(zhǔn)確性、完整性和邏輯性。 4.職業(yè)譯員在口譯的接受信息和理解階段一般都能脫離語言外殼,析出語義,正確理解原文意圖。在譯出階段職業(yè)譯員會(huì)適當(dāng)剔除多余信息,保留關(guān)鍵信息進(jìn)而構(gòu)建語篇,并且會(huì)對語篇中出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤進(jìn)行自我監(jiān)測和自我修正。得益于平時(shí)的訓(xùn)練和積累的經(jīng)驗(yàn),職業(yè)譯員一般都具備良好的心理素質(zhì),在口譯工作中嚴(yán)格遵守職業(yè)道德,具備專業(yè)素質(zhì)和責(zé)任心。 5.非職業(yè)譯員特別是外語院校的學(xué)生在口譯的接受信息和理解階段脫離語言外殼的能力較差,他們在聽辨時(shí)善于攫取詞匯,將更多的注意力集中在詞匯的發(fā)音、正字法、語法結(jié)構(gòu)和外語用詞等方面,卻忽略了對上下文的理解、語篇邏輯及話語內(nèi)容等關(guān)鍵性的方面,犯了“只見樹木不見森林”的錯(cuò)誤。非職業(yè)譯員沒有經(jīng)過系統(tǒng)規(guī)范的口譯訓(xùn)練,心理素質(zhì)遜于職業(yè)譯員,在口譯中經(jīng)常犯處理信息不當(dāng)?shù)腻e(cuò)誤,違背了口譯“準(zhǔn)確性”和“完整性”的原則,職業(yè)操守還應(yīng)加強(qiáng)。 總之,職業(yè)譯員與非職業(yè)譯員在政論語體中處理信息的方式及其他口譯情況有很大的區(qū)別。比較這兩者的區(qū)別可以為口以教學(xué)與評(píng)估提供一定的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:At present, the Chinese translation of Chinese-Russian translation is still in the preliminary stage of development. From the research results, the covering theme is still narrow, mainly in the aspects of the professional development of the interpretation, the interpretation teaching project, the analysis of the interpretation notes, the necessary quality of the interpreters, the role localization of the interpreters, the cross-cultural communication and the professional ethics. The limitation of the Chinese-Russian translation corpus condition has few achievements in the aspects of the cognitive process of interpretation, the strategy of information processing, the interpersonal interaction of interpretation and so on. Even if there is, it is only a single brief discussion of some of the techniques of information processing in the process of interpretation, such as the content of one aspect, such as the retranslation, the translation, the selection of words, the adjustment of the word order, a strategy such as the pause, the correction, the neglect, the arrangement and the like. But in the reality of interpretation, the interpreter will encounter many unforeseen problems, and it is impossible to deal with the problems in the whole translation with the same method, and the comprehensive research results in this stage at the present stage are few. In addition, only a small part of the active in the interpretation industry is the non-professional translators, including the relevant qualification certificates, professional interpreters with professional skills, more, and the social workers of other industries, such as the university teachers, foreign language students and other industries, which will speak foreign languages. In addition to the excellent bilingual ability and skilled interpretation skills, the professional translators have integrated the comprehensive application of skills and strategies, and the knowledge and knowledge, and their information processing methods and the translation quality have a large area compared with the non-professional interpreters. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to compare the similarities and differences between the use of language, skill and strategy in the discourse of political discourse through the interpretation of professional and non-professional interpreters, and to sum up the shortage of professional and non-professional interpreters. To provide more precise description of the professional competence of the interpreters, and to provide more practical operating modes for interpretation and interpretation quality assessment through the specific and practical analysis of the physical and chemical analysis. The innovation of this paper is as follows:1. It summarizes the professional and non-professional translators. The theory of interpretation and the theoretical knowledge of rhetoric. On the basis of the discussion of the pragmatic features, the application and the demands of the interpretation, the paper compared the information processing of the professional and non-professional interpreters in the interpretation of the political discourse. 3. Demonstrates the psychological quality and professional ethics of the professional and non-professional interpreters in the process of interpretation by a lot of vivid examples rather than the pure theory. The main part of this thesis is composed of four chapters: the first chapter expounds the history and development of the interpretation and the professional progress of the interpretation personnel, and the statistics of the specific gravity of the interpreters in all walks of life; and the second chapter expounds the political theory. The third chapter, through the collection, induction, analysis and arrangement of the interpretation materials of the professional interpreters, analyzes the characteristics of the translation, and the fourth chapter, through the collection and induction of the interpretation materials of the non-professional interpreters, analyze, sort, and analyze the characteristics of its translation The conclusion is as follows:1. The professional interpreters have the skills of language, translation and communication, and are familiar with the technical terms in the field of work, and are based on interpretation A class of professionals who make a living. They hold a professional qualification, have a number of years of work, and And strictly abide by the professional ethics. In that case of a non-professional interpreter. Only 10-11 per cent of the total number of interpreters working in a particular sector accounts for more than 30 per cent of the total number of interpreters and the number of interpreters working in the fields of trade, energy, electronic science, technology, machinery and education is more than in law In addition to this, the study shows that the specific gravity of an interpreter who is specialized in the translation of a particular industry material is higher in the company's enterprise than in the translation agency, and if the translation does not have an industry In the case of the formal occasion of the use of the political discourse, the situation is just the opposite.3. Because of the very obvious political nature of the formal occasion of the use of the political discourse, the words are vague and euphemisms, and the words are of great importance; the wording of the language has been repeatedly carved, the logic of the segment is strong, and the expression style is very formal; therefore, in this case with special emphasis on turning over The accuracy, completeness and logic of the translation. In the course of the translation, the translator will properly eliminate the excess information, keep the key information and construct the text, and it will be out of the text. The current mistakes are self-monitoring and self-correction. Thanks to the usual training and accumulated experience, the professional interpreters generally have good psychological quality and are strictly adhered to in the interpretation Professional ethics, professional quality and sense of responsibility.5. Non-professional interpreters, in particular foreign language colleges, have a poor ability to get out of the language housing at the time of receiving the information and understanding of the interpretation, they are good at grasping the vocabulary at the time of listening, and focus more attention on the pronunciation of the words The key aspects such as the understanding of the context, the discourse logic and the content of the discourse are ignored in the aspects of the understanding of the context, the discourse logic and the content of the discourse. e. ". Non-professional interpreters are not trained by system-specific interpretation, and the psychological quality is inferior to professional interpreters. In the interpretation, improper handling of information is a violation of the interpretation "accuracy" and the" integer "< The principle of "/ trunk>" should be strengthened. In general, professional and non-professional interpreters are in the political discourse There is a great difference between the way of the information and the situation of his interpretation. The difference between the two is the difference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廈門大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：H059
本文編號(hào)：2507636
[Abstract]:At present, the Chinese translation of Chinese-Russian translation is still in the preliminary stage of development. From the research results, the covering theme is still narrow, mainly in the aspects of the professional development of the interpretation, the interpretation teaching project, the analysis of the interpretation notes, the necessary quality of the interpreters, the role localization of the interpreters, the cross-cultural communication and the professional ethics. The limitation of the Chinese-Russian translation corpus condition has few achievements in the aspects of the cognitive process of interpretation, the strategy of information processing, the interpersonal interaction of interpretation and so on. Even if there is, it is only a single brief discussion of some of the techniques of information processing in the process of interpretation, such as the content of one aspect, such as the retranslation, the translation, the selection of words, the adjustment of the word order, a strategy such as the pause, the correction, the neglect, the arrangement and the like. But in the reality of interpretation, the interpreter will encounter many unforeseen problems, and it is impossible to deal with the problems in the whole translation with the same method, and the comprehensive research results in this stage at the present stage are few. In addition, only a small part of the active in the interpretation industry is the non-professional translators, including the relevant qualification certificates, professional interpreters with professional skills, more, and the social workers of other industries, such as the university teachers, foreign language students and other industries, which will speak foreign languages. In addition to the excellent bilingual ability and skilled interpretation skills, the professional translators have integrated the comprehensive application of skills and strategies, and the knowledge and knowledge, and their information processing methods and the translation quality have a large area compared with the non-professional interpreters. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to compare the similarities and differences between the use of language, skill and strategy in the discourse of political discourse through the interpretation of professional and non-professional interpreters, and to sum up the shortage of professional and non-professional interpreters. To provide more precise description of the professional competence of the interpreters, and to provide more practical operating modes for interpretation and interpretation quality assessment through the specific and practical analysis of the physical and chemical analysis. The innovation of this paper is as follows:1. It summarizes the professional and non-professional translators. The theory of interpretation and the theoretical knowledge of rhetoric. On the basis of the discussion of the pragmatic features, the application and the demands of the interpretation, the paper compared the information processing of the professional and non-professional interpreters in the interpretation of the political discourse. 3. Demonstrates the psychological quality and professional ethics of the professional and non-professional interpreters in the process of interpretation by a lot of vivid examples rather than the pure theory. The main part of this thesis is composed of four chapters: the first chapter expounds the history and development of the interpretation and the professional progress of the interpretation personnel, and the statistics of the specific gravity of the interpreters in all walks of life; and the second chapter expounds the political theory. The third chapter, through the collection, induction, analysis and arrangement of the interpretation materials of the professional interpreters, analyzes the characteristics of the translation, and the fourth chapter, through the collection and induction of the interpretation materials of the non-professional interpreters, analyze, sort, and analyze the characteristics of its translation The conclusion is as follows:1. The professional interpreters have the skills of language, translation and communication, and are familiar with the technical terms in the field of work, and are based on interpretation A class of professionals who make a living. They hold a professional qualification, have a number of years of work, and And strictly abide by the professional ethics. In that case of a non-professional interpreter. Only 10-11 per cent of the total number of interpreters working in a particular sector accounts for more than 30 per cent of the total number of interpreters and the number of interpreters working in the fields of trade, energy, electronic science, technology, machinery and education is more than in law In addition to this, the study shows that the specific gravity of an interpreter who is specialized in the translation of a particular industry material is higher in the company's enterprise than in the translation agency, and if the translation does not have an industry In the case of the formal occasion of the use of the political discourse, the situation is just the opposite.3. Because of the very obvious political nature of the formal occasion of the use of the political discourse, the words are vague and euphemisms, and the words are of great importance; the wording of the language has been repeatedly carved, the logic of the segment is strong, and the expression style is very formal; therefore, in this case with special emphasis on turning over The accuracy, completeness and logic of the translation. In the course of the translation, the translator will properly eliminate the excess information, keep the key information and construct the text, and it will be out of the text. The current mistakes are self-monitoring and self-correction. Thanks to the usual training and accumulated experience, the professional interpreters generally have good psychological quality and are strictly adhered to in the interpretation Professional ethics, professional quality and sense of responsibility.5. Non-professional interpreters, in particular foreign language colleges, have a poor ability to get out of the language housing at the time of receiving the information and understanding of the interpretation, they are good at grasping the vocabulary at the time of listening, and focus more attention on the pronunciation of the words The key aspects such as the understanding of the context, the discourse logic and the content of the discourse are ignored in the aspects of the understanding of the context, the discourse logic and the content of the discourse. e. ". Non-professional interpreters are not trained by system-specific interpretation, and the psychological quality is inferior to professional interpreters. In the interpretation, improper handling of information is a violation of the interpretation "accuracy" and the" integer "< The principle of "/ trunk>" should be strengthened. In general, professional and non-professional interpreters are in the political discourse There is a great difference between the way of the information and the situation of his interpretation. The difference between the two is the difference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廈門大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：H059
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