【摘要】：語言文字應(yīng)用能力是高等教育所培養(yǎng)的人才必須具備的一種基本能力。它是構(gòu)成人整體素質(zhì)的一個重要方面，對人整體素質(zhì)的形成、發(fā)展具有內(nèi)在的促進作用。但是現(xiàn)今的高校畢業(yè)生在面試求職時普遍表現(xiàn)出臨場心理緊張，不能準(zhǔn)確、得體地表達出自己的想法；簡歷和求職信的格式書寫不正確，內(nèi)容方面詞匯貧乏，表達上辭不達意，形式上錯別字多、標(biāo)點濫用現(xiàn)象頻繁。此外，大學(xué)生平時的普通話不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、帶有方言，語言規(guī)范意識淡薄，語言基礎(chǔ)知識和常用的應(yīng)用文體寫作知識匱乏等現(xiàn)象不但在理工科院校的大學(xué)生身上有所體現(xiàn)，就連師范院校部分文科專業(yè)的大學(xué)生也是如此，這普遍反映出大學(xué)生語言文字應(yīng)用能力偏低。形成這種現(xiàn)象的原因是什么？應(yīng)該采取哪些有效對策？本文以大學(xué)生論文中語言文字不規(guī)范現(xiàn)象為切入點，對上述問題進行了綜合的考察和討論。 第一章是緒論。主要介紹了選題緣起，梳理、評述了語言文字規(guī)范的相關(guān)研究，，說明了研究的目的和意義、研究的內(nèi)容和方法。 第二章是大學(xué)生論文中語言文字不規(guī)范現(xiàn)狀。首先，考察了大學(xué)生的語言運用能力問題。此考察以大學(xué)生論文中語言文字不規(guī)范現(xiàn)象的實際調(diào)查材料為依據(jù)，為保證收集到的語料能夠真實地反映出大學(xué)生的語言運用能力，在收集語料時盡量使語料具有廣泛性和典型性，為此我們以不同層次、性質(zhì)的高等院校不同專業(yè)大學(xué)生的論文為對象進行了考察。盡管如此，我們收集到的語料只是對大學(xué)生論文中語言現(xiàn)象的一種考察，它還不能更全面地代表所有大學(xué)生語言運用的整體水平，為此我們又從《語法修辭講話》及其習(xí)題、《現(xiàn)代漢語語誤》、《語文建設(shè)》、《語言文字應(yīng)用》中選取了15個不同類型的例子對高職高專院校和普通高等師范院校部分專業(yè)總共400名大學(xué)生進行了語言基礎(chǔ)知識的考察。其次，對大學(xué)生的文字運用、標(biāo)點、摘要、注釋、參考文獻的不規(guī)范現(xiàn)象也進行了考察。 第三章是大學(xué)生論文中語言文字不規(guī)范成因分析。首先，對大學(xué)生語言運用能力現(xiàn)狀的成因進行了分析。在分析時運用的是問卷調(diào)查法。調(diào)查的結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)語言教育之外的干擾因素和語言教育本身的失誤是形成大學(xué)生語言能力偏低現(xiàn)象的主要原因。前者主要表現(xiàn)為英語對漢語的沖擊以及社會語言環(huán)境（如廣告用語、網(wǎng)絡(luò)語言、媒體語言、街頭用字等現(xiàn)象）對大學(xué)生的語言規(guī)范意識有著潛移默化地影響；后者主要表現(xiàn)為高校的教學(xué)目標(biāo)、教學(xué)內(nèi)容、教材的使用、教學(xué)方式和教學(xué)考評機制尚需改革完善的一些方面。其次，大學(xué)生出現(xiàn)文字運用、標(biāo)點、摘要、注釋、參考文獻的不規(guī)范現(xiàn)象主要是由大學(xué)生的心理因素、意識態(tài)度、漢字信息處理系統(tǒng)、語言規(guī)范知識的掌握、平時的訓(xùn)練、應(yīng)用能力情況所決定的。 第四章是大學(xué)生語言文字不規(guī)范現(xiàn)象對策研究。這一章是在第二章、第三章調(diào)查分析的基礎(chǔ)上對大學(xué)生語言文字不規(guī)范現(xiàn)象提出的策略。具體包括針對語言教育之外的干擾因素和語言教育本身的失誤兩方面的措施。 為使提出的措施具有一定的實用性，能對大學(xué)生語言運用能力的提高有一定的借鑒意義，論文在研究中主要運用了文獻研究法對相關(guān)資料、文獻進行了梳理，并運用問卷調(diào)查法將所得的數(shù)據(jù)用SPSS17.0軟件行了分析、處理，在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了問題的成因、提出了相應(yīng)的解決策略，以保證對大學(xué)生論文中語言文字不規(guī)范現(xiàn)象的綜合考察做到客觀、全面。這種研究方法將行文內(nèi)容的定量與定性分析相結(jié)合，使研究的結(jié)論更科學(xué)、客觀，這也是論文在研究方法上的創(chuàng)新點。 論文研究的意義在于：大學(xué)生論文中語言文字不規(guī)范現(xiàn)象只是生活中語言不規(guī)范現(xiàn)象的一個方面，它反映出大學(xué)生的語文素質(zhì)和語言運用能力。對其進行研究，一方面為大學(xué)生在生活、交際中準(zhǔn)確表達、在今后的就業(yè)、工作中增強自身實力做準(zhǔn)備；另一方面也有利于語言文字規(guī)范化水平、母語教育水平乃至現(xiàn)階段公民素質(zhì)的提高。
[Abstract]:The ability of language and language application is a basic ability of the talents to be cultivated in higher education. It is an important aspect of the overall quality of the human being, and the formation and development of the whole quality of the human body has an inherent promoting effect. But today's college graduates are generally in the field of psychological stress in the interview, and can't express their own thoughts accurately and properly; the format of the resume and the letter of application is not correct, the vocabulary is poor in the content, the expression is in the wrong way, the form of the wrong word is more, The phenomenon of punctuation abuse is frequent. In addition, it is not only reflected in the college students in the science and engineering colleges, such as the non-standard of Putonghua, the dialect, the language standard consciousness, the language basic knowledge and the common application style and the lack of the writing knowledge. Even the college students of some liberal arts majors in the normal university are also the same, which generally reflects the low application ability of the language and the language of the college students. What is the cause of this phenomenon? What are the effective responses to be taken? This paper makes a comprehensive study and discussion on the above-mentioned problems based on the non-standard phenomenon of the language and the language in the university student's paper. The first chapter is a thread The paper mainly introduces the related research of the standard of the language and language, and explains the purpose and significance of the research, the content and the party of the study. The second chapter is the non-standard of the language and the language in the university student's paper First of all, the paper studies the language application of college students This study is based on the actual investigation material of the non-standard phenomenon of the language and the language in the university student's paper. In order to ensure that the collected data can truly reflect the language application ability of the college students, we try to make the corpus more extensive and typical in the collection of the corpus, so that we do not At the same level, the paper of the different professional college students in higher and higher education is the subject Nevertheless, the data collected by us is only a study of the language phenomenon in the paper of the college students. It can not more fully represent the overall level of the language application of all college students. Language error>, , 15 different types of examples are selected for the basic knowledge of a total of 400 college students in higher vocational and higher normal colleges Second, the text application, punctuation, summary, annotation, and reference of the college students are also carried out. The third chapter is the non-standard of the language and the language in the university student's paper. An analysis of the cause of the cause of the college students' language application ability. The analysis is carried out. It is used in the analysis The result of the survey found that the interference factor and the error of the language education in the language education are the phenomenon that the language ability of the college students is low The former mainly shows that the impact of English on Chinese and the environment of social language (such as advertising language, network language, media language, street words, etc.) have a subtle effect on the language specification consciousness of the college students; the latter mainly shows the teaching goal of the university The teaching content, the use of the teaching material, the teaching method and the teaching evaluation mechanism need to be reformed and perfected. Secondly, the non-standard phenomenon of the college students' text application, punctuation, abstract, notes and references is mainly from the psychological factors, the consciousness attitude, the information processing system of the Chinese character, the knowledge of the language specification, the normal training and the application ability. The fourth chapter is the non-standard of the language and the language of the college students. The chapter is in the second chapter and the third chapter, on the basis of the analysis of the third chapter, the language of the college students is not standardized. The strategy of the phenomenon, including the interference factors other than the language education and the loss of the language education itself. In order to make the proposed measures practical, it can be used for reference to the improvement of the language application ability of the college students. The paper sorts out the material and the literature, and uses the questionnaire method to analyze and process the data obtained by using the SPSS17.0 software. On this basis, the cause of the problem is analyzed, and the corresponding solution strategy is put forward, so as to ensure the synthesis of the non-specification of the language and the language in the university student's paper. It is an objective and comprehensive study to combine the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the content and make the conclusion of the study more scientific and objective. The significance of this paper is that the non-standard phenomenon of the language and the language in the paper of the college students is only one aspect of the non-standard phenomenon in the life, and it reflects the college students. The language quality and the language application ability are studied. On the one hand, the students can express themselves in life and communication, and to prepare for their own strength in future employment and work; on the other hand, it is also beneficial to the standardization of the spoken and written languages and the level of the mother tongue education.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H15

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