發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-02-12 10:27

【摘要】：情感,作為人類(lèi)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的重要組成部分,是人體經(jīng)驗(yàn)中最中心、最普遍的方面之一。如何理解和概念化情感一直是人們關(guān)注的問(wèn)題。當(dāng)代隱喻認(rèn)知理論認(rèn)為隱喻關(guān)系著人們的思維和推理,是一種重要的認(rèn)知手段,是兩個(gè)不同域之間的映射,揭示了人們是如何基于身體經(jīng)驗(yàn),通過(guò)較為熟悉、具體的概念來(lái)理解陌生、抽象的概念。隱喻作為具體事物和抽象事物之間的橋梁,為理解情感提供了可能性。然而情感,復(fù)雜而抽象,人們關(guān)于情感的經(jīng)歷和經(jīng)驗(yàn)則豐富多彩。特定的情感經(jīng)驗(yàn)知識(shí)鑄就特定的情感認(rèn)知模式。我們通過(guò)認(rèn)知原型對(duì)情感詞“喜悅”和“憤怒”的認(rèn)知分析,進(jìn)一步證實(shí)情感隱喻是人們理解情感的有利工具,同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)：研究其語(yǔ)義聯(lián)想既有助于驗(yàn)證前人揭示的認(rèn)知模式,又能體現(xiàn)情感隱喻的發(fā)展變化；本文將著重討論英漢情感詞“喜悅”和“憤怒”在認(rèn)知原型下的認(rèn)知語(yǔ)義聯(lián)想。 本文詳盡地整理了大量英漢語(yǔ)中兩種情感的隱喻,經(jīng)過(guò)分析比較發(fā)現(xiàn),首先,英漢情感概念隱喻呈現(xiàn)出很大程度的相似性。如英漢語(yǔ)中都有“喜悅是上”,是“光”而“憤怒是火”,是“容器中熱流體”的概念隱喻,都有“憤怒是熱”這一概念隱喻。這些相似點(diǎn)揭示了英漢隱喻源于相同的身體經(jīng)驗(yàn)和物質(zhì)經(jīng)驗(yàn),具有共同的認(rèn)知和生理基礎(chǔ)。同樣,英漢語(yǔ)也使用許多不同的隱喻來(lái)概念化情感,如喜悅這一情感,英語(yǔ)中有“喜悅是遠(yuǎn)離地面”的概念隱喻,而漢語(yǔ)則把喜悅概念化為“快活似神仙”；“憤怒是熱”這一中心隱喻運(yùn)用于液體,英漢語(yǔ)中分別產(chǎn)生“憤怒是容器中的熱流體”和“憤怒是容器中的熱氣體”的概念隱喻。其次,在具體通過(guò)身體表現(xiàn)描述情感時(shí),漢語(yǔ)傾向于使用更多的人體器官,尤其是人體內(nèi)部器官,且特定身體器官的選擇并不是任意的；而英語(yǔ)通常會(huì)運(yùn)用自然現(xiàn)象來(lái)表示情感,如喜悅是“宜人的天氣”,憤怒是“驚濤怒浪”等。這些差異應(yīng)歸因于不同的文化背景和文化傳統(tǒng)及價(jià)值觀的影響,必須通過(guò)探討英漢民族不同的文化模式尋求解釋。除了總結(jié)英漢情感隱喻中的相似性,本文主要從中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)哲學(xué)中的“陰陽(yáng)”理論,傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)學(xué)“五大元素”理論以及西方主客觀之分和中國(guó)文化的天人合一理論來(lái)闡釋二者之間的文化差異性。 本論文在英漢大量“喜悅”和“憤怒”隱喻例句對(duì)比分析的基礎(chǔ)上驗(yàn)證了前人在情感隱喻研中得出的一般性規(guī)律,即由于人類(lèi)的身體結(jié)構(gòu)有著明顯的相同特征和功能,不同語(yǔ)言中情感的概念化必定存在著共同點(diǎn)；另一方面,由于受到不同文化模式的影響,不同語(yǔ)言中情感的理解和具體表達(dá)式展現(xiàn)出不同的文化個(gè)性。本論文填補(bǔ)了人們對(duì)“喜悅”和“憤怒”隱喻研究的空白,以期對(duì)外語(yǔ)中情感詞匯學(xué)習(xí)有一定的啟示作用。
[Abstract]:Emotion, as an important part of human experience, is one of the most central and universal aspects of human experience. How to understand and conceptualize emotion has always been the concern of people. Contemporary metaphorical cognitive theory holds that metaphor relates to people's thinking and reasoning, is an important cognitive means, is a mapping between two different domains, and reveals how people are based on physical experience and are more familiar with it. Concrete concepts to understand unfamiliar, abstract concepts. Metaphor, as a bridge between concrete things and abstract things, provides the possibility for understanding emotion. However, emotion, complex and abstract, people's emotional experience and experience is rich and colorful. Specific emotional experiential knowledge builds a specific emotional cognitive model. Through the cognitive analysis of the emotional words "joy" and "anger" in the cognitive prototype, we further prove that affective metaphor is a useful tool for people to understand emotion. At the same time, we find that the study of semantic association can help to verify the cognitive patterns revealed by predecessors. It can also reflect the development and change of emotional metaphor; This paper focuses on the cognitive semantic association between English and Chinese affective words "joy" and "anger" under the cognitive prototype. This paper makes a detailed analysis of the two affective metaphors in English and Chinese, and finds that, first of all, the conceptual metaphors of affective in English and Chinese are similar to each other to a great extent. For example, in both English and Chinese, there is a conceptual metaphor of "joy is up", "light" and "anger is fire", which is a conceptual metaphor of "hot fluid in containers" and "anger is heat". These similarities reveal that English and Chinese metaphors originate from the same physical and material experiences and share a common cognitive and physiological basis. Similarly, English and Chinese also use many different metaphors to conceptualize emotions, such as joy. In English there is a conceptual metaphor of "joy is far from the ground", while in Chinese, joy is conceptualized as "happy like a fairy". The central metaphor of "anger is heat" is used in liquid. In English and Chinese, the concept of "anger is the heat flux in the container" and "anger is the hot gas body in the container" is produced in English and Chinese respectively. Secondly, when describing emotion through physical expression, Chinese tends to use more human organs, especially human internal organs, and the choice of specific body organs is not arbitrary; English usually uses natural phenomena to express emotions, such as joy is "pleasant weather", anger is "stormy waves" and so on. These differences should be attributed to the influence of different cultural backgrounds, cultural traditions and values. In addition to summing up the similarities between English and Chinese affective metaphors, this paper focuses on the theory of "yin and yang" in Chinese traditional philosophy. The traditional Chinese medicine "five elements" theory, the western subjective and objective theory and the Chinese culture theory of the unity of nature and man to explain the cultural differences between the two. Based on the contrastive analysis of many metaphors of "joy" and "anger" in English and Chinese, this thesis verifies the general rules obtained by predecessors in the study of affective metaphors, that is, the human body structure has the same characteristics and functions. The conceptualization of emotion in different languages must have something in common; On the other hand, due to the influence of different cultural models, the understanding and expression of emotion in different languages show different cultural personality. This thesis fills up the gaps in the study of "joy" and "anger" metaphors in order to enlighten the learning of affective vocabulary in foreign languages.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H313;H136

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條

1 陳家旭,秦蕾;漢語(yǔ)基本顏色的范疇化及隱喻化認(rèn)知[J];河南師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2003年02期

2 袁紅梅;楊春紅;;英漢語(yǔ)中“憤怒”隱喻的認(rèn)知對(duì)比與文化闡釋[J];北京第二外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2008年02期

3 束定芳;論隱喻的認(rèn)知功能[J];外語(yǔ)研究;2001年02期

4 牛麗紅,林艷;從概念理論看俄漢情感隱喻[J];外語(yǔ)研究;2005年01期

，

本文編號(hào)：2420352