數(shù)字對出式慣用語分析
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-26 16:43
【摘要】：作為慣用語的一大種類，數(shù)字對出式慣用語有著鮮明的語言特色，是慣用語中較為獨特的語言現(xiàn)象。本文以溫端政先生編纂的《新華慣用語詞典》收錄的數(shù)字對出式慣用語為研究對象，對此進行窮盡式統(tǒng)計。據(jù)統(tǒng)計，數(shù)詞慣用語共有459條，數(shù)字對出式慣用語有237條，約占數(shù)詞慣用語的51.6%。 本文從慣用語的語法結(jié)構(gòu)、語義和語用三個方面來研究。期望通過剖析這些數(shù)字對出式慣用語，對人們的日常表達和數(shù)詞慣用語等語言學(xué)的研究有所裨益。 語法結(jié)構(gòu)方面，雙語節(jié)并列型數(shù)字對出式慣用語是數(shù)字對出式慣用語的主要形式。并列型的慣用語，更易于數(shù)詞成對出現(xiàn)，形成對舉，使其結(jié)構(gòu)平衡穩(wěn)定。在內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)上，結(jié)構(gòu)形式豐富多樣，主謂、述賓等形式都有出現(xiàn)。其中，單語節(jié)性慣用語中以聯(lián)合和主謂偏多；雙語節(jié)并列型中又以偏正聯(lián)合、主謂聯(lián)合結(jié)構(gòu)居多。 語義方面，大量的數(shù)詞隱喻和轉(zhuǎn)喻是其特點，規(guī)約常識在理解數(shù)字對出式慣用語中有著不可忽視的作用。感情色彩方面，雖然貶義色彩的慣用語占到總數(shù)的一半，但中性和褒義色彩的數(shù)字對出慣用語有增多的趨勢。數(shù)字對出格式意義方面，對慣用語中出現(xiàn)的對舉格式一一進行了羅列和分析，，發(fā)現(xiàn)“一......一”是最為常見的格式。 語用方面，主要探討了數(shù)字對出式慣用語結(jié)構(gòu)的靈活性和能產(chǎn)性以及它所運用的修辭手段。結(jié)構(gòu)的靈活性和能產(chǎn)性主要是從正體和副體的關(guān)系來進行闡述的。正體和副體可以通過變序、替換、增加成分、減少成分等方式進行轉(zhuǎn)換。其中，替換手段是最為常見的手段。修辭手段則從語音、詞匯、句式等方面進行了描述。五六七音步的數(shù)字對出式慣用語是最多的，且雙語節(jié)慣用語中，平仄對舉的慣用語占有絕對優(yōu)勢。在辭格的使用中，對偶格和夸張格是數(shù)字對出式慣用語最常用的修辭格式。
[Abstract]:As a major category of idioms, numeral idioms have distinct linguistic characteristics and are unique linguistic phenomena in idioms. This paper takes the digital output idioms compiled by Mr. Wen Duanzheng as the research object and makes exhaustive statistics on them. According to statistics, there are 459 numeral idioms and 237 numeral-pair idioms, accounting for 51.6% of numeral idioms. This paper studies the grammatical structure, semantics and pragmatics of idioms. It is expected that the analysis of these numbers will be helpful to the study of everyday expressions and numeral idioms. In the aspect of grammatical structure, the numeral pair idiom is the main form of the numeral pair output idiom. Juxtaposition idioms are more likely to appear in pairs of numerals and make them balanced and stable. In the internal structure, structural forms are rich and diverse, subject-predicate, object and other forms have appeared. Among them, there are more joint and subject-predicate in monolingual stanza idioms, and partial union in juxtaposition of bilingual nodes, with the majority of subject-predicate joint structure. In terms of semantics, a large number of numeral metaphors and metonymy are its characteristics, and conventional common sense plays an important role in understanding numeral-to-output idioms. In terms of emotional color although derogatory color idioms account for half of the total but the number of neutral and positive color has a tendency to increase the number of idioms. In the aspect of figure to form meaning, this paper lists and analyzes the lifting format of idioms, and finds out that "1." "one" is the most common format. In pragmatic aspect, the paper mainly discusses the flexibility and productivity of the structure of numerals to output idioms and the rhetorical devices it uses. The flexibility and prolificacy of the structure are mainly explained from the relationship between orthodoxy and accessory body. Orthopaedic and accessory bodies can be transformed by order, substitution, addition, reduction, etc. Among them, substitution is the most common means. Rhetorical devices are described in terms of pronunciation, vocabulary and sentence structure. The numeral pair idioms of the five or sixty-seven steps are the most, and in the bilingual festival idioms, the level has an absolute advantage over the lifting idioms. In the use of figures of speech, duality and hyperbole are the most commonly used rhetorical forms of numerals.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H03
本文編號：2392398
[Abstract]:As a major category of idioms, numeral idioms have distinct linguistic characteristics and are unique linguistic phenomena in idioms. This paper takes the digital output idioms compiled by Mr. Wen Duanzheng as the research object and makes exhaustive statistics on them. According to statistics, there are 459 numeral idioms and 237 numeral-pair idioms, accounting for 51.6% of numeral idioms. This paper studies the grammatical structure, semantics and pragmatics of idioms. It is expected that the analysis of these numbers will be helpful to the study of everyday expressions and numeral idioms. In the aspect of grammatical structure, the numeral pair idiom is the main form of the numeral pair output idiom. Juxtaposition idioms are more likely to appear in pairs of numerals and make them balanced and stable. In the internal structure, structural forms are rich and diverse, subject-predicate, object and other forms have appeared. Among them, there are more joint and subject-predicate in monolingual stanza idioms, and partial union in juxtaposition of bilingual nodes, with the majority of subject-predicate joint structure. In terms of semantics, a large number of numeral metaphors and metonymy are its characteristics, and conventional common sense plays an important role in understanding numeral-to-output idioms. In terms of emotional color although derogatory color idioms account for half of the total but the number of neutral and positive color has a tendency to increase the number of idioms. In the aspect of figure to form meaning, this paper lists and analyzes the lifting format of idioms, and finds out that "1." "one" is the most common format. In pragmatic aspect, the paper mainly discusses the flexibility and productivity of the structure of numerals to output idioms and the rhetorical devices it uses. The flexibility and prolificacy of the structure are mainly explained from the relationship between orthodoxy and accessory body. Orthopaedic and accessory bodies can be transformed by order, substitution, addition, reduction, etc. Among them, substitution is the most common means. Rhetorical devices are described in terms of pronunciation, vocabulary and sentence structure. The numeral pair idioms of the five or sixty-seven steps are the most, and in the bilingual festival idioms, the level has an absolute advantage over the lifting idioms. In the use of figures of speech, duality and hyperbole are the most commonly used rhetorical forms of numerals.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H03
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