本文選題：功能語法 + 英語演講辭��； 參考：《燕山大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：演講是指演講者面對聽眾，以口頭語言為主,輔以適當(dāng)?shù)姆强陬^語言，就某一問題發(fā)表自己的看法意見，或闡說某一事理，并互相交流信息的真實(shí)的社會(huì)活動(dòng)過程。不同類型的演講辭受到不同因素的影響，各自具有不同的文體特點(diǎn)。 本文主要研究十類情境下英文演講辭的三個(gè)元功能在詞匯語法層面上的特點(diǎn)。比較這些演講辭的特點(diǎn)具有哪些異同？為什么存在這些異同？怎樣解釋這些異同點(diǎn)？旨在為文體寫作教學(xué)提供有價(jià)值的理論及實(shí)踐依據(jù)。 本文以韓禮德的功能語法為理論基礎(chǔ)，采用定量分析與對比分析相結(jié)合的方法，從概念功能，人際功能以及語篇功能三方面對演講辭進(jìn)行了元功能分析，研究其在詞匯語法層的表現(xiàn)特點(diǎn)。研究范圍包括及物性系統(tǒng)，語氣情態(tài)系統(tǒng)和主位結(jié)構(gòu)。語料為網(wǎng)上選取的十類情境中的一百篇演講辭，每類十篇，建成十個(gè)語料庫用以統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)。研究結(jié)果表明： 第一，所研究的演講辭雖然情境不同，但都旨在引導(dǎo)聽眾接納認(rèn)同演講者的觀點(diǎn)，因此從及物性系統(tǒng)出發(fā)，各類演講辭均主要以物質(zhì)過程為主，其次是關(guān)系過程和心理過程，而言語過程，行為過程以及存在過程出現(xiàn)較少。 第二，在語氣情態(tài)系統(tǒng)方面，就語氣系統(tǒng)而言，各類情境中的演講者的目的大多是為了闡述自己的觀點(diǎn)或描述客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)，因此在語氣方面陳述語氣占絕大多數(shù)，而祈使句與疑問句則較少出現(xiàn)。就情態(tài)系統(tǒng)而言，各類演講辭中中值情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的使用明顯高于低值情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和高值情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,并且情態(tài)動(dòng)詞使用頻率也存在很大差異。在人稱代詞方面，，第一人稱使用最多，其次是第三人稱單數(shù)和第二人稱，第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)使用的最少。 第三，從主位的角度來分析，各類演講辭中無標(biāo)記主位的使用遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過有標(biāo)記主位，并且有標(biāo)記主位的使用頻率無明顯差異。此外有標(biāo)記主位中絕大多數(shù)都是附加語充當(dāng)主位，少數(shù)由補(bǔ)語構(gòu)成。
[Abstract]:Speech refers to a real social process in which the speaker is faced with the audience, mainly in oral language, supplemented by appropriate non-verbal language, to express his own opinion on a certain issue, or to explain a certain principle, and to exchange information with each other. Different types of speeches are influenced by different factors and have different stylistic characteristics. This paper focuses on the features of the three metafunctions in lexical and grammatical aspects of English speeches in ten situations. What are the similarities and differences between these speeches? Why are these similarities and differences? How do you explain these similarities and differences? The purpose is to provide valuable theoretical and practical basis for stylistic writing teaching. Based on Halliday's functional grammar, this paper analyzes the metafunctions of the speech from three aspects: conceptual function, interpersonal function and textual function by combining quantitative analysis with contrastive analysis. This paper studies its characteristics at the lexical and grammatical level. The research scope includes transitivity system, mood modality system and thematic structure. The corpus consists of 100 speeches in ten kinds of situations selected on the Internet, ten speeches in each category, and ten corpora are built for statistical data. The results show that: first, although the situations of the speeches studied are different, they are all aimed at guiding the audience to accept the views of the speakers. Therefore, from the perspective of the material system, all kinds of speeches are mainly material processes. The second is the relation process and the psychological process, but the speech process, the behavior process and the existence process appear less. Second, in the aspect of modal system, as far as mood system is concerned, the purpose of the speakers in all kinds of situations is to express their own views or to describe the objective reality. Imperative sentences and interrogative sentences are less common. As far as modality system is concerned, the use of median modal verbs in various speeches is obviously higher than that of low-valued modal verbs and high-valued modal verbs, and the frequency of modal verbs is also very different. In the aspect of personal pronouns, the first person uses the most, the third person singular number and the second person claim, the third person plural number uses the least. Thirdly, from a thematic point of view, the use of unmarked themes in various speeches is far greater than that of marked themes, and there is no significant difference in the frequency of use of marked themes. In addition, most of the marked themes are used as the theme, and a few are composed of complement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H052

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