現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)合成詞的形素和態(tài)素
本文選題:合成詞 + 語(yǔ)素義 ; 參考:《遼寧師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文
【摘要】:對(duì)漢語(yǔ)合成詞的語(yǔ)素義分析是精確闡釋詞義的基礎(chǔ)。從意義范疇的角度看,合成詞的全部語(yǔ)素都可納入特定的意義范疇,表示事物形態(tài)意義的語(yǔ)素就是其中之一。不過(guò),漢語(yǔ)合成詞中表示形態(tài)意義的語(yǔ)素就其語(yǔ)素義而言存在比較明顯的差別,有的是單純表示事物幾何形狀或圖形意義的,有的則是表示物質(zhì)的諸如顏色、聲音、氣味、滋味、姿態(tài)、質(zhì)感、物質(zhì)聚合態(tài)等化學(xué)、物理狀態(tài)的,也有的是二者兼具的,因而,出于詞義分析的精確性以及對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)詞匯教學(xué)的需要,形態(tài)語(yǔ)素仍然可以繼續(xù)分化出次范疇,即表示形狀意義的語(yǔ)素和表示狀態(tài)意義的語(yǔ)素,在本文中分別簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)為“形素”和“態(tài)素”。 長(zhǎng)期以來(lái),人們對(duì)于合成詞語(yǔ)素的形態(tài)意義的認(rèn)識(shí)基本上處于界限不清的狀態(tài),其主要原因有三個(gè):一是對(duì)“形”和“態(tài)”的概念界限不清,而更深層的原因是對(duì)“形”和“態(tài)”的認(rèn)識(shí)憑借的是個(gè)體經(jīng)驗(yàn),,缺乏兩者賴以存在的科學(xué)背景,無(wú)法從科學(xué)背景上劃定二者的界限;二是對(duì)合成詞語(yǔ)素義的分析具有主觀性或個(gè)體經(jīng)驗(yàn)性,這種情況主要表現(xiàn)為對(duì)某個(gè)形素或態(tài)素意義的闡釋很大程度上存在可爭(zhēng)議性;三是相當(dāng)一部分合成詞語(yǔ)素表形和表態(tài)意義的綜合性使得形素與態(tài)素難以剝離開(kāi)。這些原因?qū)嶋H上是討論形素和態(tài)素這一問(wèn)題所面臨的困難。從對(duì)漢語(yǔ)合成詞形素和態(tài)素的考察情況看,形素與態(tài)素的界限總體上是明晰的,并且呈現(xiàn)比較明顯的語(yǔ)義和語(yǔ)用特征。 本論文以認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)的視覺(jué)認(rèn)知理論和感知覺(jué)理論為指導(dǎo),以現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)合成詞為主要語(yǔ)料,結(jié)合對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)詞匯教學(xué),界定形素和態(tài)素,揭示形素和態(tài)素的認(rèn)知基礎(chǔ)以及語(yǔ)義特征,為對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)詞匯教學(xué)提供學(xué)理支持,促進(jìn)詞匯學(xué)本體研究的進(jìn)一步深化。 本文共分為五章。 第一章緒論。內(nèi)容包括本論文的選題提出,選題的背景,論文的研究方法以及研究的目的和意義,論文的結(jié)構(gòu)安排等。 第二章形素;卮鹗裁词切嗡兀接懶嗡卦诤铣稍~中的語(yǔ)法分布,形素的認(rèn)知模式,形素的意義表達(dá)類(lèi)型,形素的語(yǔ)義類(lèi)型和特征。 第三章態(tài)素。回答什么是態(tài)素,探討態(tài)素的意義表達(dá)類(lèi)型,態(tài)素的意義和適用類(lèi)型,以及在合成詞中的語(yǔ)法分布情況。 第四章形素和態(tài)素的歷時(shí)考察。揭示形素和態(tài)素的傳承性,以及在古今漢語(yǔ)中共性與差異。 第五章結(jié)合對(duì)外漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)探討形素和態(tài)素的教學(xué)價(jià)值,并提出相應(yīng)的教學(xué)建議。
[Abstract]:The morpheme analysis of Chinese compound words is the basis for the precise interpretation of word meaning. From the perspective of meaning category, all morphemes of compound words can be included into specific meaning categories, and morpheme representing the morphological meaning of things is one of them. However, there are obvious differences in morpheme meaning between morpheme and morpheme in Chinese compound words, some of which simply represent the geometric shape or graphic meaning of things, and some represent substances such as color, sound, smell, etc. Taste, posture, texture, material aggregation and other chemical and physical states, and some have both. Therefore, due to the accuracy of word meaning analysis and the need of teaching vocabulary as a foreign language, Morpheme can continue to differentiate into subcategories, namely morpheme representing shape meaning and morpheme representing state meaning, which are referred to as "morpheme" and "state element" respectively in this paper. For a long time, people's understanding of the morphological meaning of the morpheme of synthetic words is basically in a state of unclear boundaries. The main reasons are as follows: first, the boundaries of the concepts of "form" and "state" are not clear. The deeper reason is that the understanding of "form" and "state" depends on individual experience, which lacks the scientific background on which both exist, and cannot delimit the boundaries of the two from the scientific background. Secondly, the analysis of morpheme meaning of synthetic words is subjective or individual experience, which mainly shows that the interpretation of a morpheme or morpheme is controversial to a great extent. Third, it is difficult to separate morpheme and morpheme from morpheme because of the synthesis of morpheme and declaration meaning. These reasons are in fact difficult to discuss the problem of morpheme and state prime. From the investigation of the morpheme and morpheme in Chinese, the boundary between morpheme and morpheme is clear, and it has obvious semantic and pragmatic features. This thesis is guided by the visual cognitive theory and perceptual perception theory of cognitive linguistics, uses modern Chinese compound words as the main corpus, and combines the teaching of Chinese vocabulary as a foreign language to define morpheme and morpheme. To reveal the cognitive basis and semantic characteristics of morpheme and morpheme, to provide theoretical support for vocabulary teaching in TCFL, and to promote the further study of lexicology ontology. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is introduction. The content includes the topic selection, the background, the research methods, the purpose and significance of the research, the structure of the thesis, and so on. The second chapter is a morphologic element. In this paper, the grammatical distribution of morpheme in compound words, the cognitive pattern of morpheme, the meaning expression type of morpheme, the semantic type and characteristics of morpheme are discussed. Chapter 3: state element. Answer what is a state prime, discuss the meaning expression type of state element, the meaning and applicable type of state element, and the grammatical distribution in compound words. Chapter four: diachronic investigation of morpheme and morpheme. It reveals the inheritance of morpheme and morpheme, as well as the commonness and difference in ancient and modern Chinese. Chapter five discusses the teaching value of morpheme and morpheme combined with teaching Chinese as a foreign language, and puts forward corresponding teaching suggestions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】:H146
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