本文選題：對外漢語教學　切入點：近義詞　出處：《遼寧師范大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：對外漢語教學中，詞匯教學貫穿漢語教學的始終，是對外漢語教學必不可少的重要環(huán)節(jié)之一，其中，近義詞的大量存在為漢語教學提供了豐富的語料，使得漢語的表達更加多樣，表義更為貼切。但與此同時，近義詞由于其意義相近，詞形相似也給留學生的漢語學習帶來了很大的困難。雖然近義詞的研究在漢語本體研究范圍內已日漸成熟，但是，由于對外漢語教學教學對象與教學目標的特殊性，很多本體的教學與研究方法已不能滿足教學的需要。因此，找到最適合對外漢語近義詞的教學方法與對策是對外漢語教學亟需解決的問題。本文首先對“近義詞”這一術語進行了界定，然后從留學生習得偏誤實例入手，根據偏誤產生的特點進行歸納與分析，在漢語本體辨析方法的基礎上，結合教學實際，提出行之有效的近義詞教學方法與對策。 論文的主體包括以下五個部分： 1.總結學界對“同義詞”與“近義詞”的定義及三種判定方法，綜合對外漢語教學中對“同義詞”與“近義詞”界定的分析，指出在對外漢語近義詞教學中采用“近義詞”的名稱進行教學與研究更為合適。明確了研究對象與研究范圍。 2.闡述了偏誤的幾種類型，，將搜集的留學生近義詞習得偏誤實例進行分析總結，分別從“理性義”、“不同詞類”以及“色彩義”三個方面對偏誤實例進行歸類與分析。 3.結合偏誤類型分析偏誤產生的原因。偏誤的產生既有漢語自身特點的原因，也有母語與目的語不同的因素，另外詞典釋義的模糊繁瑣也是偏誤產生的原因之一。 4.從漢語本體角度考察近義詞辨析的幾種方法，其中重點論述了三個平面理論在對外漢語近義詞教學中的應用，為對外漢語近義詞教學提供行之有效的教學方法。 5.結合上述四大部分進行分析，提出了對外漢語近義詞教學對策以及需要注意的問題，近義詞教學要盡量避免偏誤的發(fā)生，重視語素在近義詞教學中的重要作用，并注意結合語境與中國文化知識。
[Abstract]:In the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, vocabulary teaching runs through the Chinese teaching all the time and is one of the indispensable important links in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Among them, the existence of a large number of synonyms provides rich corpus for the teaching of Chinese.It makes the expression of Chinese more diverse and the meaning more appropriate.But at the same time, synonyms are similar in meaning and form, which makes it difficult for foreign students to learn Chinese.Although the research of synonyms has matured gradually in the scope of Chinese ontology research, due to the particularity of teaching object and teaching goal, many ontology teaching and research methods can not meet the needs of teaching.Therefore, to find the most suitable teaching methods and countermeasures for Chinese synonyms as a foreign language is an urgent problem to be solved in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.This paper first defines the term "synonym", and then starts with the example of foreign students' acquisition of errors, induces and analyzes them according to the characteristics of errors, and combines the teaching practice with the method of Chinese ontology discrimination.The effective teaching methods and countermeasures of synonyms are put forward.The main body of the thesis consists of the following five parts:1.This paper summarizes the definitions of synonyms and synonyms and their three judging methods in academic circles, and synthesizes the analysis of the definitions of synonyms and synonyms in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.It is pointed out that it is more appropriate to use the name of "synonym" in teaching Chinese synonyms as a foreign language.The research object and scope are defined.2.This paper expounds several types of errors, analyzes and summarizes the examples of errors in the acquisition of foreign students' synonyms, classifies and analyzes them from three aspects of "rational meaning", "different parts of speech" and "color meaning".3.Combined with the type of errors to analyze the causes of errors.The errors are caused by the characteristics of Chinese and the differences between the mother tongue and the target language. The ambiguity of dictionary interpretation is also one of the reasons for the errors.4.This paper investigates several methods of synonym discrimination from the perspective of Chinese Noumenon, which focuses on the application of three plane theories in the teaching of Chinese synonyms as a foreign language, which provides an effective teaching method for teaching Chinese synonyms as a foreign language.5.Based on the analysis of the four parts mentioned above, the author puts forward the countermeasures and problems to be paid attention to in the teaching of Chinese synonyms as a foreign language. The teaching of synonyms should avoid errors as far as possible and attach importance to the important role of morpheme in the teaching of synonyms.And pay attention to the combination of context and Chinese cultural knowledge.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H195

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本文編號：1710493