本文選題：禁忌語(yǔ)　切入點(diǎn)：情景喜劇　出處：《曲阜師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著全球化的發(fā)展，國(guó)際交流日益頻繁。它促進(jìn)了溝通和發(fā)展，同時(shí)也來(lái)了一些問(wèn)題甚至是沖突。這就要求我們對(duì)不同文化的異同進(jìn)行分析和研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)并且解決問(wèn)題，以實(shí)現(xiàn)不同文化之間交流的順利進(jìn)展。禁忌語(yǔ)，作為語(yǔ)言和文化的重要組成部分，是普遍存在于人類社會(huì)的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象。然而，在不同的文化中，人們所禁忌事物乃至對(duì)于同一事物的禁忌程度都有所不同。因此，如果缺乏對(duì)目標(biāo)文化的禁忌語(yǔ)的了解和掌握，就容易導(dǎo)致交際的失敗甚至?xí)䦷?lái)更加嚴(yán)重的后果。 對(duì)于禁忌語(yǔ)，國(guó)外研究取得了大量的成果。由于封疆思想根深蒂固，國(guó)內(nèi)對(duì)禁忌語(yǔ)的研究起步較晚。到20世紀(jì)80年代，我國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)者對(duì)禁忌語(yǔ)的研究興趣濃厚。但是，我國(guó)對(duì)禁忌語(yǔ)的研究還不夠完善。比如，我國(guó)將禁忌語(yǔ)與語(yǔ)境理論相結(jié)合起來(lái)的研究成果非常少見(jiàn)。在英漢禁忌語(yǔ)對(duì)比研究方面，我國(guó)語(yǔ)言學(xué)者對(duì)英漢禁忌語(yǔ)的相似性或區(qū)別進(jìn)行的定性研究居多，而定量研究很少，出現(xiàn)了陳舊語(yǔ)料反復(fù)使用現(xiàn)象的出現(xiàn)。其中定量研究只涉及到問(wèn)卷調(diào)查。因此，本研究將以此為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，從中美情景喜劇這一極具文化特色的語(yǔ)料中進(jìn)行中美禁忌語(yǔ)的跨文化對(duì)比研究，試圖對(duì)漢語(yǔ)中的禁忌語(yǔ)以及英語(yǔ)中的禁忌語(yǔ)分別做以介紹并進(jìn)行基于不同文化的對(duì)比研究。 研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，英漢禁忌語(yǔ)在三大方面即兇禍性語(yǔ)言、褻瀆性語(yǔ)言以及宗教迷信語(yǔ)言方面有所異同。具體說(shuō)來(lái)包括與性相關(guān)、與身體部位相關(guān)、與動(dòng)物相關(guān)、與排泄相關(guān)等方面的禁忌語(yǔ)言。英漢情景喜劇中的禁忌語(yǔ)在各方面均有共性，但也有所不同。對(duì)于兩者之間的差異性，我們?cè)诳缥幕浑H中更應(yīng)多家注意：漢語(yǔ)中關(guān)于性的禁忌要?jiǎng)儆谟⒄Z(yǔ)禁忌語(yǔ)；英語(yǔ)中的宗教禁忌在漢語(yǔ)中則更多的體現(xiàn)為封建迷信的禁忌;漢語(yǔ)中有嚴(yán)格的姓名和稱謂禁忌，等等。 人們對(duì)于禁忌語(yǔ)通常采取“回避”態(tài)度，以避免冒犯他人。但是，事實(shí)上，，禁忌語(yǔ)普遍存在于不同文化的日常生活中，很多時(shí)候是無(wú)法避免的，因此，本文基于對(duì)禁忌語(yǔ)語(yǔ)用功能的研究，還將提出人們對(duì)于禁忌語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)的態(tài)度和一些有效的回避策略。希望本文對(duì)跨文化交際的順利進(jìn)展和外語(yǔ)教學(xué)都有幫助。并使讀著在不同文化之間交際中能夠求同存異，有效順利溝通。
[Abstract]:With the development of globalization, international communication is becoming more and more frequent. It promotes communication and development. At the same time, there are some problems and even conflicts. This requires us to analyze and study the similarities and differences of different cultures, to find and solve problems. Taboo language, as an important part of language and culture, is a universal linguistic phenomenon in human society. However, in different cultures, Therefore, the lack of understanding and mastery of the taboo language of the target culture will lead to the failure of communication and even more serious consequences. For taboo language, foreign research has made a lot of achievements. Due to the deep-rooted thought of Feng Jiang, the study of taboo language started late in China. By the 1980s, Chinese linguists had a strong interest in taboo language. However, there was a great deal of interest in the study of taboo language in China. The study of taboo words in China is not perfect. For example, the research results of combining taboo words with context theory in China are very rare. In the aspect of contrastive study of contraband between English and Chinese, Chinese linguists do more qualitative research on the similarities or differences between English and Chinese taboo words, but there are few quantitative studies on the similarities and differences between English and Chinese taboo words. This study will take this as a starting point to carry out a cross-cultural contrastive study of Chinese and American taboo words from the Chinese and American sitcom, which is a highly cultural corpus. This paper attempts to introduce the taboo words in Chinese and English respectively and make a comparative study based on different cultures. The study found that English and Chinese taboo words have some similarities and differences in three major aspects, namely, malicious language, blasphemous language and religious superstitious language. Specifically, they are related to sex, body parts and animals. Taboo language related to excretion. Taboo words in English and Chinese sitcoms are common in all aspects, but also different. In cross-cultural communication, we should pay more attention to: the taboo on sex in Chinese is better than the taboo in English; the religious taboo in English is more embodied in the taboo of feudal superstition in Chinese; there are strict taboos in names and appellations in Chinese. Wait. People usually take an "evasive" attitude towards taboo words to avoid offending others. But in fact, taboos are prevalent in everyday life in different cultures and are often unavoidable. This paper is based on the study of pragmatic functions of taboo words. It will also put forward people's attitude towards taboo English and some effective avoidance strategies. I hope this paper will be helpful to the smooth development of cross-cultural communication and foreign language teaching, and will enable reading to seek common ground while reserving differences in intercultural communication. Effective and smooth communication.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H0-05

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