本文選題：動(dòng)態(tài)負(fù)載均衡　切入點(diǎn)：作業(yè)調(diào)度　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：渲染(render)是將三維幾何模型經(jīng)過(guò)一系列的計(jì)算,主要是附加一定的材質(zhì)、紋理及色彩,并加上光源,得到具有真實(shí)感效果的二維圖像的技術(shù),在許多領(lǐng)域,如建筑設(shè)計(jì)的內(nèi)部預(yù)覽、汽車(chē)制造、廣告設(shè)計(jì),特別是在3D動(dòng)漫電影產(chǎn)業(yè)中具有重要作用。 在較大規(guī)模的三維動(dòng)畫(huà)制作過(guò)程中,由于渲染計(jì)算量非常大導(dǎo)致使用普通PC機(jī)進(jìn)行渲染所需時(shí)間往往讓人難以忍受。其次,由于在整個(gè)渲染過(guò)程中存在著海量的數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)與訪問(wèn),使得渲染的I/O瓶頸也成為影響渲染服務(wù)質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題。因此,如果沒(méi)有機(jī)群渲染技術(shù)的協(xié)助,那么三維動(dòng)畫(huà)制作是難以完成的。機(jī)群渲染系統(tǒng)也稱(chēng)作渲染農(nóng)場(chǎng),它是指由許多運(yùn)行渲染引擎的計(jì)算機(jī)組成的,在機(jī)群渲染管理軟件的統(tǒng)一調(diào)度與分配下,利用機(jī)群的優(yōu)勢(shì),協(xié)調(diào)工作進(jìn)行同步并行計(jì)算,以此來(lái)完成所分配的渲染作業(yè)。由于渲染計(jì)算任務(wù)之間的聯(lián)系非常少,因此并行計(jì)算的加速比幾乎可以達(dá)到線性。許多渲染應(yīng)用服務(wù)提供商,如renderbus、炫我、Rebus Faem、RenderCore等都使用機(jī)群渲染技術(shù) 目前國(guó)內(nèi)在動(dòng)漫渲染領(lǐng)域所使用的機(jī)群渲染管理軟件種類(lèi)繁多,其中不乏有開(kāi)源軟件以及商業(yè)軟件,但是商業(yè)軟件價(jià)格昂貴且并行效率不高而開(kāi)源軟件又相對(duì)不夠成熟。機(jī)群渲染涉及多種技術(shù),系統(tǒng)的組成、調(diào)度以及管理都十分復(fù)雜,因此,開(kāi)發(fā)一個(gè)功能全面的、并行效率高的針對(duì)于高效能計(jì)算平臺(tái)的渲染管理軟件有很高的應(yīng)用和研究?jī)r(jià)值。 本文的主要工作是在現(xiàn)有的作業(yè)管理系統(tǒng)(開(kāi)源軟件torque)之上又設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)針對(duì)渲染應(yīng)用的作業(yè)管理系統(tǒng),它包括有用戶(hù)管理,數(shù)據(jù)管理以及作業(yè)管理和資源監(jiān)控四個(gè)基本模塊并且以portal的方式向用戶(hù)提供了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單友好的使用界面。同時(shí)為解決在機(jī)群環(huán)境下渲染服務(wù)面臨的機(jī)群環(huán)境動(dòng)態(tài)性,效率發(fā)揮以及資源管理器的重用等基本問(wèn)題,本文提出了一個(gè)面向渲染的層次化的調(diào)度策略,它將渲染調(diào)度劃分成了作業(yè)選擇,資源選擇以及負(fù)載均衡三個(gè)層次,層與層之間相互獨(dú)立。這樣使得我們能夠較好地整合以及重用現(xiàn)有的機(jī)群管理軟件,同時(shí)通過(guò)負(fù)載均衡,避免了性能最差的節(jié)點(diǎn)延長(zhǎng)作業(yè)執(zhí)行時(shí)間的可能性。 論文的工作較系統(tǒng)地實(shí)現(xiàn)了在機(jī)群環(huán)境下對(duì)渲染作業(yè)進(jìn)行調(diào)度和管理的基本需求,支持場(chǎng)景上傳、作業(yè)提交、作業(yè)管理與監(jiān)控、執(zhí)行結(jié)果下載、渲染隊(duì)列監(jiān)控,實(shí)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)基本的面向高性能計(jì)算平臺(tái)的渲染作業(yè)管理系統(tǒng),具有良好的實(shí)用性和可擴(kuò)展性。
[Abstract]:Rendering renderis a technology that combines 3D geometric models with a series of calculations, mainly by adding certain materials, textures and colors, and adding a light source to obtain two-dimensional images with realistic effects in many fields. Internal preview of architectural design, car manufacturing, advertising design, especially in the 3D animation film industry plays an important role. In the process of making 3D animation on a large scale, the time required to render with ordinary PC is often unbearable because of the huge amount of rendering computation. Second, Due to the massive data storage and access in the whole rendering process, the I / O bottleneck of rendering becomes a key problem affecting the quality of rendering service. Therefore, without the help of cluster rendering technology, So 3D animation production is difficult to complete. Cluster rendering system, also known as rendering farm, is composed of many computers running rendering engines. Under the unified scheduling and distribution of cluster rendering management software, the advantage of cluster is utilized. Coordinate the work of synchronous parallel computing to complete the assigned rendering job. Because of the very few links between rendering computing tasks, the speedup of parallel computing can be almost linear. Many rendering application service providers, For example, renderbus, Rebus Faemer, RenderCore, etc., all use cluster rendering technology. At present, there are many kinds of cluster rendering and management software used in the field of animation rendering in China, including open source software and commercial software. But the commercial software is expensive, the parallel efficiency is not high and the open source software is relatively immature. Cluster rendering involves a variety of technologies, the composition of the system, scheduling and management are very complex, so, the development of a comprehensive function, The rendering management software with high parallel efficiency for high performance computing platform has high application and research value. The main work of this paper is to design and implement a job management system for rendering application on the basis of the existing open source software torque. it includes user management. The four basic modules of data management, job management and resource monitoring provide users with a simple and friendly interface in the form of portal. In this paper, a hierarchical scheduling strategy for rendering is proposed, which divides rendering scheduling into three levels: job selection, resource selection and load balancing. This enables us to integrate and reuse the existing cluster management software and to avoid the possibility of the worst nodes extending the job execution time through load balancing. The work of this paper realizes the basic requirements of scheduling and management of rendering jobs in cluster environment, supports scene upload, job submission, job management and monitoring, results download, rendering queue monitoring, etc. A basic rendering job management system for high performance computing platform is implemented, which has good practicability and expansibility.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP311.52

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