本文選題：攝像機(jī)標(biāo)定 + 投影儀標(biāo)定　； 參考：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：攝像機(jī)標(biāo)定是計(jì)算機(jī)視覺研究的一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)研究?jī)?nèi)容，在三維重構(gòu)，醫(yī)學(xué)診斷以及航空測(cè)繪等方面應(yīng)用廣泛。通過攝像機(jī)的標(biāo)定，可以把圖像中的二維坐標(biāo)對(duì)物體進(jìn)行三維重建，從而應(yīng)用于各種領(lǐng)域中。 本文對(duì)攝像機(jī)的標(biāo)定理論和方法進(jìn)行了研究，包括獲取攝像機(jī)的有關(guān)參數(shù)，建立三維空間物體和二維圖像之間的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，并設(shè)計(jì)出標(biāo)定精度較高的攝像機(jī)自標(biāo)定法以及基于彩色偽隨機(jī)編碼的投影儀標(biāo)定，從而為計(jì)算機(jī)視覺和立體視覺的下一步研究工作提供可靠的數(shù)據(jù)，并奠定良好的基礎(chǔ)。本論文主要進(jìn)行以下幾個(gè)方面的研究： 1.對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的攝像機(jī)標(biāo)定方法進(jìn)行分析研究，針對(duì)兩步法標(biāo)定過程復(fù)雜，需要有高準(zhǔn)確度的標(biāo)定物，以及張正友自標(biāo)定法參考點(diǎn)過于依賴攝像機(jī)精度，魯棒性稍差的缺點(diǎn)，本文設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于曲線擬合的十字同心圓自標(biāo)定方法，在攝像機(jī)像素較低的情況下，精度比張正友的方法稍高；同時(shí)在計(jì)算過程中，，其原理簡(jiǎn)單，使用方便，具有良好的可操作性。 2.研究并分析了傳統(tǒng)的投影儀標(biāo)定方法—線性標(biāo)定法，對(duì)應(yīng)用于標(biāo)定當(dāng)中的正交格雷碼的編碼，解碼原理進(jìn)行了分析，針對(duì)其標(biāo)定精度過于依賴攝像機(jī)拍攝的圖像數(shù)量，本文設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于彩色偽隨機(jī)編碼的投影儀標(biāo)定方法，通過某種隨機(jī)特性的碼，求解出特征點(diǎn)在投影平面上的坐標(biāo)。具有較好的窗口特性，提高了測(cè)量精度。 3.利用3dsmax平臺(tái)搭建攝像機(jī)，投影儀標(biāo)定系統(tǒng)仿真模型，對(duì)三種攝像機(jī)標(biāo)定方法以及兩種投影儀標(biāo)定法進(jìn)行仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)和對(duì)比，通過仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果分析得到精度最高的標(biāo)定方法，同時(shí)，利用Matlab對(duì)拍攝到的真實(shí)圖像進(jìn)行標(biāo)定實(shí)驗(yàn)，通過對(duì)標(biāo)定結(jié)果的評(píng)估再次驗(yàn)證改進(jìn)的攝像機(jī)自標(biāo)定法和基于張正友的彩色偽隨機(jī)編碼投影儀標(biāo)定的精度相對(duì)較高，適用于實(shí)驗(yàn)室結(jié)構(gòu)光三維測(cè)量系統(tǒng)，為后面的工作如三維測(cè)量，三維重建做良好的鋪墊。
[Abstract]:Camera calibration is a hot topic in computer vision. It is widely used in 3D reconstruction, medical diagnosis and aeronautical mapping. Through the calibration of the camera, the 2D coordinates in the image can be reconstructed and applied in various fields. In this paper, the theory and method of camera calibration are studied, including the acquisition of camera parameters and the establishment of the corresponding relationship between 3D objects and two-dimensional images. The camera self-calibration method with high calibration accuracy and the projector calibration based on color pseudorandom coding are designed, which provide reliable data for the next research work of computer vision and stereo vision, and lay a good foundation. This thesis mainly carries on the following aspects research: 1. The traditional camera calibration method is analyzed and studied. In view of the complexity of the two-step calibration process, the need for a high accuracy calibration object, the reference point of Zhang Zhengyou self-calibration method is too dependent on camera accuracy, and the robustness is slightly poor. In this paper, a method of cross concentric circle self-calibration based on curve fitting is designed. The precision of the method is a little higher than that of Zhang Zhengyou when the camera pixel is low, and its principle is simple and easy to use. It has good maneuverability. 2. This paper studies and analyzes the traditional projector calibration method-linear calibration method, and analyzes the coding and decoding principle of orthogonal graycode used in calibration. The calibration accuracy is too dependent on the number of images captured by the camera. In this paper, a method of projector calibration based on color pseudorandom coding is designed. The coordinates of feature points on the projection plane are solved by a random characteristic code. It has better window characteristics and improves the measuring accuracy. 3. The camera and projector calibration system simulation model are built by using 3dsmax platform. Three camera calibration methods and two projector calibration methods are simulated and compared. The most accurate calibration method is obtained by analyzing the simulation results. At the same time, using Matlab to calibrate the real image, the calibration accuracy of the improved camera self-calibration method and the color pseudorandom coded projector based on Zhang Zhengyou is verified again through the evaluation of the calibration results. It is suitable for the three-dimensional measurement system of structured light in laboratory. It is a good paver for the following work such as 3 D measurement and 3 D reconstruction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TH741.5;TB853

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