本文關(guān)鍵詞：口譯教程參考答案，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

religious sites, I’m sure you will see people practicing their religious faith.

A. 今后中國在政治改革方面還會(huì)有什么步驟？比如說現(xiàn)在的直接選舉，是否會(huì)從基層推進(jìn)到鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)？

B. At the moment, we have introduced the practice of self-administration and direct elections in 680,000 villages. This is a great innovation, and it is also very good practice for Chinese farmers. We have also introduced suffrage for the election of people’s deputies at the level of townships, counties and urban cities without districts. Indirect elections are held for the leadership of provinces, and of municipalities with districts, as well as for the central authorities. Why? This is because China is such a huge country with such a large population. It is still underdeveloped, and economic development is uneven between regions, so conditions are not ripe for direct elections at the higher levels. The first hindrance in my view is the inadequate education level of the population.

8.4 《華盛頓郵報(bào)》總編談中國

有人說，《華盛頓郵報(bào)》經(jīng)常把中國描繪成一個(gè)“共產(chǎn)主義的專制國家”，那里的人“沒有民主，沒有自由”。他們問，為什么《華盛頓郵報(bào)》對(duì)這些負(fù)面的字眼如此感興趣呢？對(duì)此，我不能贊同。首先，包括《華盛頓郵報(bào)》和《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》在內(nèi)，幾乎所有美國

大報(bào)都不再將中國稱為“專制國家”。 《華盛頓郵報(bào)》已經(jīng)有很長時(shí)間不再使用類似這樣的字眼了。今天，我們依然稱中國為“共產(chǎn)黨國家”，，那是因?yàn)檫@是一個(gè)事實(shí)，中國的確是由共產(chǎn)黨所統(tǒng)治的。 今天，《華盛頓郵報(bào)》正在努力嘗試去理解中國的復(fù)雜性。去年，本報(bào)就發(fā)表了好幾篇有關(guān)中國市民社會(huì)的長篇報(bào)道。這些報(bào)道的主題多種多樣，涉及到網(wǎng)絡(luò)、工人、政府與個(gè)體的沖突等等。這些報(bào)道全面反映了中國的復(fù)雜性。

中國是個(gè)大國，每天都在發(fā)生很多不同的事情，這些事情很多是自相矛盾的。比如，中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)成就在短時(shí)間內(nèi)讓成千上萬的老百姓脫貧，這是其他國家望塵莫及的。但同時(shí)中國也面臨很多矛盾。全世界都在拭目以待，看中國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人如何解決這些矛盾。 我們都應(yīng)該向中國學(xué)習(xí)。中國對(duì)我們未來生活的影響將會(huì)越來越大。在過去50年中，在美國發(fā)生的一切影響了全世界眾多地方。今天，中國的作用跟美國有異曲同工之妙。作為正在崛起的經(jīng)濟(jì)大國，中國將對(duì)世界-包括美國-發(fā)揮越來越大的影響力，尤其是在經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域。中國人民將很快接受這樣一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)，那就是中國發(fā)生的事將對(duì)世界產(chǎn)生巨大的影響。

我到過中國三次。第一次是在1999年.第二次是在2001年3月，期間我有幸采訪了中國國家主席江澤民。第三次是2003年11月，期間我又采訪了中國國務(wù)院總理溫家寶。中國有令人難以置信的活力，中國文化也是如此豐富多彩。每次到中國，我都看到和學(xué)到了一些新東西。中國的景色無與倫比，發(fā)展?jié)摿薮�。我認(rèn)為，

中國如何應(yīng)對(duì)今后的挑戰(zhàn)將決定這個(gè)星球的未來。

我認(rèn)為我沒有資格來評(píng)價(jià)中國的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。每次當(dāng)我采訪中國的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的時(shí)候，我都感到他們準(zhǔn)備充分，應(yīng)答自如，知識(shí)淵博，富有遠(yuǎn)見，對(duì)中國在世界舞臺(tái)上扮演的角色充滿了自信。中國如此龐大，有這么多的問題需要對(duì)付，人們貧富差距如此之大，世界上恐怕再也找不到比管理中國更復(fù)雜的工作了。這比當(dāng)美國總統(tǒng)難得多，盡管兩者有諸多不同之處。

Lesson 9

9.3 Multivariate family planning policy in China

It has been over two decades since China adopted the Family Planning Policy. However, there still exist misunderstandings about this policy. People mistakenly think that China’s Family Planning Policy equals the One Child Policy, which allows one couple to have only one child. Their impression is that this policy is implemented more strictly in urban areas: in cities where people are better-off, one couple can have only one child, while in the poor rural areas, one couple can have two or three children. Furthermore, they think that the One Child Policy is the cause of gender imbalance. I will now clarify these misunderstandings.

As a matter of fact, the policy adopted in the early 1980s is a multivariate policy called the Family Planning Policy, or the fertility policy. Its multivariate nature can be proved by two facts.

First, the total fertility rate in China now stands at 1.8, which means

there is more than one child per family in most areas. For example, there is generally only one child in a family in urban areas, but two in rural areas, and three in ethnic minority areas. In some areas, like Tibet, there are no restrictions at all on the number of children a family can have. We can tell from this fact that China’s Family Planning Policy varies in accordance with the economic and social development level of different areas.

Secondly, China is seeing an unbalanced sex ratio at birth at the moment. The sex ratio at birth refers to the number of boys born per 100 girls born. This is not the same concept as the sex ratio of the total population.

The unbalance is not entirely the result of the Family Planning Policy. I would like to cite two interesting examples. My first example is the ROK. In 1988, the sex ratio at birth in the ROK was 114, and the ratio now in China is 117. I believe there is no family planning policy in the ROK. My second example is Singapore, whose sex ratio at birth in1984 was 109. Why is it a common problem in Asia? There are two reasons. The first reason is the influence of traditional culture and ideology, that is, a preference for sons, which poses a great problem for the sex ratio at birth. Second, China’s unbalanced birth ratio is attributable to the poor social security in rural areas.

The Chinese government has launched a nationwide Girl Care Project to

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：口譯教程參考答案，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。