【摘要】：隨著我國綜合國力的日益強(qiáng)盛,國家的國際化水平也越來越高。因此,近年來越來越多的外國友人不斷涌向中國。他們最先接觸也是最常接觸到的莫過于公示語。在這種情況下,公示語翻譯的規(guī)范化和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化就顯得尤為重要。我國外語界專家學(xué)者對于公示語翻譯的研究不知凡幾。但大多數(shù)都集中于城市,旅游、交通、商業(yè)、學(xué)校等領(lǐng)域,有關(guān)于醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)公示語翻譯的研究卻寥若晨星,關(guān)于天津市的醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)公示語翻譯中存在的問題更是幾乎空白。而醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)作為一個嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)至極,爭分奪秒的場所,公示語的翻譯更是容不得半點(diǎn)馬虎。翻譯研究發(fā)展近百年,中西方的翻譯理論、原則可謂“百家爭鳴”�？v覽國內(nèi)關(guān)于公示語翻譯研究的論文,我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn),似乎每個理論都能和公示語翻譯沾上點(diǎn)邊。各家有各家的理,理論支撐可謂五花八門。但是在這些相關(guān)研究中,絕大多數(shù)都是借著理論來指出錯誤,并“發(fā)明”出一個自己認(rèn)為正確的版本。然而,這些研究都忽略了一個非常重要的因素,那就是:我們“發(fā)明”出來的譯本是否被目標(biāo)語國家的人所接受?意識到這一點(diǎn),林克難教授提出了“看譯寫”原則(后來為了說明此“譯”非彼“譯”,改為“看易寫”),專門針對實(shí)用英語翻譯。旨在啟發(fā)大家在做公示語翻譯研究時,要著眼于和源語言相同或相似的目標(biāo)語文本,而不是閉門造車,自己琢磨。本文在“看易寫”原則的指導(dǎo)下,以天津市的6家大型醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)的公示語英語翻譯為例,從單詞低級錯誤,字字對譯,用詞不當(dāng),缺乏統(tǒng)一性等角度分析了諸多失當(dāng)之處,并結(jié)合數(shù)十家以英語為母語國家的醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)或官方網(wǎng)站的真實(shí)數(shù)據(jù)給出建議譯文。力圖通過真實(shí)的數(shù)據(jù)和系統(tǒng)的闡述,論證“看易寫”原則對于公示語翻譯有著極大的指導(dǎo)意義。希望可以引起相關(guān)政府部門的關(guān)注,把醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)公示語翻譯改革提上議程。修正錯誤,統(tǒng)一規(guī)范,從而進(jìn)一步提升我們的城市形象。此外,在論文第五章,作者專門總結(jié)了醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)語的構(gòu)詞特點(diǎn),以表格的形式羅列出醫(yī)學(xué)詞匯的前綴,詞根,后綴及其各自的含義。旨在說明醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)英語的構(gòu)詞有其自身特點(diǎn)及規(guī)律。在翻譯時切忌字字對譯,隨心所欲。
[Abstract]:With the increasing strength of China's comprehensive national strength, the international level of the country is becoming higher and higher. As a result, more and more foreign friends have flocked to China in recent years. The first and most common contact they had was with public signs. In this case, the standardization and standardization of translation of public signs is particularly important. Chinese foreign language experts and scholars do not know much about the translation of public signs. However, most of them are concentrated in the fields of cities, tourism, transportation, commerce, schools, etc. There are few researches on the translation of public signs of medical institutions, and the problems in translating public signs of medical institutions in Tianjin are almost blank. Medical institutions as a rigorous, race against the clock, the translation of public signs can not tolerate the slightest sloppy. With the development of translation studies for nearly 100 years, the principles of translation theory in China and the West can be described as "a hundred schools of thought contend". We can find that every theory can touch with the translation of public signs. There are different theories to support each other. But most of these studies use theory to point out mistakes and "invent" a version that they think is right. However, these studies have neglected a very important factor, that is, whether the translation we "invented" has been accepted by the people in the target country. Aware of this point, Professor Linkanan put forward the principle of "reading translation and writing" (later to explain the translation of "not another", changed to "easy to read and write"), and specifically aimed at practical English translation. The purpose of this paper is to enlighten people to study the translation of public signs by focusing on the same or similar target languages as the source language, rather than working behind closed doors and pondering on their own. Under the guidance of the principle of "looking at easy to write" and taking the translation of public signs in 6 large medical institutions in Tianjin as an example, this paper analyzes many misunderstandings from the angles of word-level errors, word-for-word translation, improper use of words, lack of uniformity, and so on. Combined with real data from dozens of native English-speaking medical institutions or official websites, the recommendations are translated. This paper tries to demonstrate that the principle of "easy to see and write" has great guiding significance for translation of public signs through real data and systematic exposition. It is hoped that the reform of the translation of public signs in medical institutions will be put on the agenda. Correct the mistake, unify the norm, thus further enhance our city image. In the fifth chapter, the author summarizes the word-formation characteristics of medical terms and lists the prefixes, roots, suffixes and their respective meanings in the form of tables. The purpose of this paper is to explain that the formation of medical English has its own characteristics and rules. In translation, never translate word for word and do whatever you want.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津商業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H315.9

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