功能語境視角下的《中庸》英譯本比較研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-04 20:16
【摘要】：本研究以系統(tǒng)功能語言學語境理論為視角,對《中庸》的陳榮捷譯本和休中成譯本進行比較分析,以探究兩個譯本意義體現(xiàn)形式的特色,并從語境視角對產(chǎn)生譯本差異的原因進行闡釋,以期為以《中庸》為代表的典籍翻譯理論與實踐帶來新的啟示。語境理論是系統(tǒng)功能語言學的重要組成部分,具有很強解釋力和可操作性,因而被廣泛應用于語篇分析和翻譯研究,但從目前的研究來看,無論是功能語境理論自身還是其與翻譯研究的結合,都存在一些值得進一步深入思考的問題。從功能語境理論自身來看,關于情景語境的語域與語言功能耦合關系的討論居多,而對文化語境的探討明顯不足。而翻譯中的語境研究主要圍繞原文與譯文在語境各層次之間的對應關系展開,尤其是原文與譯文情景語境語域組成要素及其體現(xiàn)形式的對應與轉換關系,但對產(chǎn)生譯本差異的語境要素作用機制關注較少。為了更好地對《中庸》兩個英譯本進行對比分析,本研究對功能語境理論進行了再思考與拓展并對翻譯研究中的語境轉化機制進行了初步地探討�；诠δ苷Z境理論框架,本研究對《中庸》原文及其兩個英譯本進行了比較分析,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個譯本均較為忠實地傳達了原文意義,但在具體體現(xiàn)形式上仍存在一定差異:首先,從概念意義體現(xiàn)形式來看,陳譯小句過程類型與原文更為接近,休譯關系過程比例高于原文和陳譯,而心理過程少于陳譯,且被動結構大于陳譯。從邏輯語義關系來看,休譯的嵌入小句比例明顯高于陳譯,邏輯意義層次及所涉及參數(shù)較多,說明休譯解釋性內(nèi)容較多,句式較為復雜。其次,從人際意義體現(xiàn)形式來看,在語氣上,陳譯較忠實于原文語氣結構,而休譯祈使句多于陳譯,感嘆句少于陳譯,說明休譯與讀者互動較多,但減少了原作者個人情感表達與評價性內(nèi)容。從情態(tài)詞來看,休譯情態(tài)表意愿的義務情態(tài)詞高于陳譯,而意愿情態(tài)詞低于陳譯和原文,表明譯者受到譯入語思維方式及宗教文化的影響,認為在實踐中庸之道的過程中,人們應履行適當?shù)牧x務和承擔相應的責任。從評價性資源來看,休譯消極意義詞匯比例高于陳譯,說明譯者在一定程度上受到譯入語宗教因素的影響。最后,從語篇意義體現(xiàn)形式來看,宏觀層面上,陳譯注釋較少,原文語篇題材完全采用朱熹注釋本,而休譯增加了對原文段落的劃分、設定各部分標題并增加大量文內(nèi)注釋及開篇引言。語篇微觀層面上,休譯特殊主位較多,語法詞匯等銜接手段也高于陳譯和原文,說明休譯為便于讀者更好地理解原文,對原文語篇結構進行了適當調(diào)整。在語言分析的基礎上,我們從情景語境和文化語境角度對產(chǎn)生兩個譯本意義體現(xiàn)形式差異的原因進行了闡釋:陳譯忠實于原文的情景語境配置,"人"與"天地"之間的關系是彼此相互關聯(lián)又互動統(tǒng)一的整體,人通過社會活動、自身內(nèi)省過程以及家庭生活、政治活動等方方面面來踐行"天道"與"人道"的統(tǒng)一。整體來看,陳譯較為忠實地再現(xiàn)了原文情景,語言凝練,句式簡潔。休譯構建的譯文語篇中,為使譯文讀者更好地理解原文,對原文情景進行了適度調(diào)整,強化了客觀情景的描寫,并增加了參與者與讀者的互動,譯文語篇闡釋性內(nèi)容較多,句式較為復雜。兩個譯本的差異取決于兩位譯者的文化身份及認知傾向,陳榮捷是美籍華裔,對中國傳統(tǒng)典籍文化尤其是中國儒家思想有較深刻的理解,深諳原文產(chǎn)生的時代背景及其所植根的中國傳統(tǒng)儒學"天人合一"思想,因而較為忠實地再現(xiàn)了原文的思想內(nèi)容與哲學內(nèi)涵。而休中誠為海外漢學家,受到西方"主客對立"哲學觀和理性思維的影響,在譯文中增加了客體參與者要素,相應減少了主體參與者要素,并減少了主體參與者的評價與判斷,但增加了與譯文讀者的互動,從而使敘述更加客觀;同時譯者從譯文讀者閱讀的期待出發(fā),對譯文內(nèi)容進行了適當調(diào)整與修改,并增添了大量的背景信息和評述性內(nèi)容。本研究的意義主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面:首先,本研究對《中庸》及其兩個英譯本經(jīng)驗意義、人際意義以及語篇意義的體現(xiàn)形式進行了全面、系統(tǒng)地比較與分析,并從情景語境、文化語境以及譯者主觀能動作用等角度對產(chǎn)生兩個譯本差異的原因進行了闡釋,從而避免了以往研究中主觀判斷、點評式的分析方法所帶來的片面性,進一步豐富和發(fā)展了《中庸》及其英譯研究。其次,本研究將微觀的語言分析與宏觀的文化語境闡釋相結合,并將譯者主體因素納入考察范圍,構建出一個翻譯功能語境模式,能夠較全面地考察翻譯中的語境要素及作用機制。最后,本研究進一步豐富和細化了功能語境中文化語境的相關內(nèi)容,從而更好地指導語篇分析與翻譯實踐。
[Abstract]:This study, from the perspective of the systemic functional linguistic context, makes a comparative analysis of the Chen Rongjie and Hugh Chinese versions of the doctrine of the mean, in order to explore the characteristics of the two translations, and to explain the reasons for the translation of the translation from the context of context, with a view to bringing the theory and practice of the translation of the classics as the representative. Context theory, an important part of systemic functional linguistics, has a strong explanatory and maneuverability, and is widely used in discourse analysis and translation studies. However, from the current research, there are some further reflections on both the theory of functional context and the combination of translation studies. From the point of view of the theory of functional context, there are many discussions on the coupling relationship between the register and the language function of the situational context, while the discussion of the cultural context is obviously inadequate. In order to make a comparative analysis of the two English versions of the doctrine of the mean, this study rethinks and expands the theory of functional context and preliminarily discusses the mechanism of context transformation in the study of translation. Based on the framework of functional context, this study makes a comparative analysis of the original text and its two English versions. It is found that the two versions all convey the meaning of the original faithfully, but there are still some differences in the concrete forms. First, from the form of conceptual meaning, the type of the sentence is closer to the original. From the logical semantic relation, the proportion of the embedded clauses in the translation is obviously higher than that of the old translation, and the logical meaning level and the parameters involved are more, indicating that the interpretive content is more complex and the sentence pattern is more complex. Secondly, from the interpersonal meaning. In the present form, in terms of the mood, Chen's translation is more faithful to the original tone structure, while the rest of the imperative sentence is more than the old translation, the exclamatory sentence is less than the old translation, which shows that there is more interaction between the rest and the reader, but it reduces the personal emotional expression and the evaluative content of the original author. The word is lower than the old translation and the original text, indicating that the translator is influenced by the way of thinking and religious culture. In the course of the practice of the mean, people should fulfill the appropriate obligations and bear the corresponding responsibility. From the evaluation of the resources, the proportion of the negative translation words is higher than that of the old translation, which shows that the translator is subject to the translation to some extent. The influence of religious factors. Finally, from the form of discourse meaning, on the macro level, the translation notes are less, the subject matter of the original text is fully adopted by the Zhu Xi annotation, while the rest translation increases the division of the text paragraphs, sets up the headlines and adds a large number of notes and introductions. The means of grammatical and lexical cohesion are also higher than that of the original and the original. It shows that it is convenient for readers to better understand the original text and adjust the textual structure of the original text properly. On the basis of the linguistic analysis, we explain the reasons for the difference in the form of the two translation meanings from the situational context and the cultural context. The relationship between "human" and "heaven and earth" is the unity of each other. People practice the unity of "heaven" and "Humanitarianism" through social activities, self introspection process, family life and political activities. In the text of the translation construction, in order to make the readers understand the original text better, the text can be properly adjusted, the description of the objective situation is strengthened, the interaction between the participants and the reader is increased, the interpretative content of the translation text is more and the sentence pattern is more complex. The differences between the two translations depend on the cultural body of the two translators. Chen Rongjie, a Chinese American, has a profound understanding of Chinese traditional classics culture, especially Chinese Confucianism, and has a deep understanding of the background of the origin of the original and the thought of "unity of nature and man" of Chinese traditional Confucianism, which is rooted in the original Chinese Confucianism, and thus faithfully reproduces the ideological content and philosophical connotation of the original text. The sinologist, influenced by the philosophical and rational thinking of "the antagonism of subject and guest" in the west, adds the elements of the object participant in the translation, reduces the main participants' elements and reduces the evaluation and judgment of the main participants, but increases the interaction with the translation readers, thus making the narrative more objective; meanwhile translators read from the translation readers. The significance of this study is mainly reflected in the following aspects: first, this study has carried out a comprehensive and systematic comparison of the empirical meaning, interpersonal meaning and textual meaning of "Zhong Yong >" and its two English versions. Compared with the analysis, and from the context of the situation, the cultural context and the translator's subjective initiative, the reasons of the two translation differences are explained, thus avoiding the one-sided nature of the subjective judgment and the analysis method of the review in the previous study, and further enriching and developing the study of "moderation" and its English translation. Secondly, this study will The microcosmic language analysis combined with the macro cultural context interpretation, and integrates the translator's main factors into the scope of the study, constructs a translation functional context model, and can comprehensively investigate the contextual elements and the mechanism of action in the translation. Finally, this study further enriches and fines the related contents of the cultural context in the functional context. And better guide the analysis of discourse and the practice of translation.
【學位授予單位】：北京科技大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H315.9
本文編號：2165020
[Abstract]:This study, from the perspective of the systemic functional linguistic context, makes a comparative analysis of the Chen Rongjie and Hugh Chinese versions of the doctrine of the mean, in order to explore the characteristics of the two translations, and to explain the reasons for the translation of the translation from the context of context, with a view to bringing the theory and practice of the translation of the classics as the representative. Context theory, an important part of systemic functional linguistics, has a strong explanatory and maneuverability, and is widely used in discourse analysis and translation studies. However, from the current research, there are some further reflections on both the theory of functional context and the combination of translation studies. From the point of view of the theory of functional context, there are many discussions on the coupling relationship between the register and the language function of the situational context, while the discussion of the cultural context is obviously inadequate. In order to make a comparative analysis of the two English versions of the doctrine of the mean, this study rethinks and expands the theory of functional context and preliminarily discusses the mechanism of context transformation in the study of translation. Based on the framework of functional context, this study makes a comparative analysis of the original text and its two English versions. It is found that the two versions all convey the meaning of the original faithfully, but there are still some differences in the concrete forms. First, from the form of conceptual meaning, the type of the sentence is closer to the original. From the logical semantic relation, the proportion of the embedded clauses in the translation is obviously higher than that of the old translation, and the logical meaning level and the parameters involved are more, indicating that the interpretive content is more complex and the sentence pattern is more complex. Secondly, from the interpersonal meaning. In the present form, in terms of the mood, Chen's translation is more faithful to the original tone structure, while the rest of the imperative sentence is more than the old translation, the exclamatory sentence is less than the old translation, which shows that there is more interaction between the rest and the reader, but it reduces the personal emotional expression and the evaluative content of the original author. The word is lower than the old translation and the original text, indicating that the translator is influenced by the way of thinking and religious culture. In the course of the practice of the mean, people should fulfill the appropriate obligations and bear the corresponding responsibility. From the evaluation of the resources, the proportion of the negative translation words is higher than that of the old translation, which shows that the translator is subject to the translation to some extent. The influence of religious factors. Finally, from the form of discourse meaning, on the macro level, the translation notes are less, the subject matter of the original text is fully adopted by the Zhu Xi annotation, while the rest translation increases the division of the text paragraphs, sets up the headlines and adds a large number of notes and introductions. The means of grammatical and lexical cohesion are also higher than that of the original and the original. It shows that it is convenient for readers to better understand the original text and adjust the textual structure of the original text properly. On the basis of the linguistic analysis, we explain the reasons for the difference in the form of the two translation meanings from the situational context and the cultural context. The relationship between "human" and "heaven and earth" is the unity of each other. People practice the unity of "heaven" and "Humanitarianism" through social activities, self introspection process, family life and political activities. In the text of the translation construction, in order to make the readers understand the original text better, the text can be properly adjusted, the description of the objective situation is strengthened, the interaction between the participants and the reader is increased, the interpretative content of the translation text is more and the sentence pattern is more complex. The differences between the two translations depend on the cultural body of the two translators. Chen Rongjie, a Chinese American, has a profound understanding of Chinese traditional classics culture, especially Chinese Confucianism, and has a deep understanding of the background of the origin of the original and the thought of "unity of nature and man" of Chinese traditional Confucianism, which is rooted in the original Chinese Confucianism, and thus faithfully reproduces the ideological content and philosophical connotation of the original text. The sinologist, influenced by the philosophical and rational thinking of "the antagonism of subject and guest" in the west, adds the elements of the object participant in the translation, reduces the main participants' elements and reduces the evaluation and judgment of the main participants, but increases the interaction with the translation readers, thus making the narrative more objective; meanwhile translators read from the translation readers. The significance of this study is mainly reflected in the following aspects: first, this study has carried out a comprehensive and systematic comparison of the empirical meaning, interpersonal meaning and textual meaning of "Zhong Yong >" and its two English versions. Compared with the analysis, and from the context of the situation, the cultural context and the translator's subjective initiative, the reasons of the two translation differences are explained, thus avoiding the one-sided nature of the subjective judgment and the analysis method of the review in the previous study, and further enriching and developing the study of "moderation" and its English translation. Secondly, this study will The microcosmic language analysis combined with the macro cultural context interpretation, and integrates the translator's main factors into the scope of the study, constructs a translation functional context model, and can comprehensively investigate the contextual elements and the mechanism of action in the translation. Finally, this study further enriches and fines the related contents of the cultural context in the functional context. And better guide the analysis of discourse and the practice of translation.
【學位授予單位】：北京科技大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H315.9
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