【摘要】：福建柏(Fokienia hodgnsii)我國二級保護珍稀樹種,是一種用途廣、經(jīng)濟價值高的南方造林樹種。施肥是提高福建柏幼苗苗木質(zhì)量的核心,以福建柏1年生容器苗為研究對象,在溫室條件下,采取指數(shù)供氮和平均供氮兩種模式,系統(tǒng)分析兩種供氮模式5個不同供氮水平處理下幼苗苗高、地徑、生物量、根系形態(tài)、葉綠素含量、可溶性蛋白含量以及硝酸還原酶活性的變化規(guī)律,旨在為福建柏1年生容器苗合理供氮提供參考依據(jù)。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1.不同供氮模式對福建柏1年生容器苗在生長季(7-10月)的苗高、地徑、生物量產(chǎn)生顯著影響。氮素處理水平在0～750 mg范圍內(nèi),隨著供氮素水平的提高,苗高、地徑、生物量表現(xiàn)出先增加后減小的變化趨勢。氮素供應水平為600 mg.株-1時,苗高、地徑生長量取得最大值,平均供氮模式為11.69 cm、1.14 mm,指數(shù)供氮模式為13.58 cm、1.38 mm。指數(shù)供氮模式E4處理幼苗根、莖、葉以及總生物量高于其他處理,分別為1.17 g、1.39 g、2.51 g、5.07 g,其中總生物量和根系生物量是ck的1.75、1.57倍。氮素供應水平達到750 mg.株-1時,苗高、地徑及生物量的增加減弱。同一氮素濃度供應,指數(shù)供氮模式優(yōu)于平均供氮模式。2.氮素的施入影響福建柏幼苗根、莖、葉生物量的分配格局,根系生物量比例在20.32%～23.14%之間,地上生物量(莖、葉生物量)比例在77.27%～79.85%之間,明顯高于根系生物量。指數(shù)供氮模式更有利于福建柏幼苗根、莖生物量比例的增加,其中根系生物量所占比例分別為 20.96%、22.40%、22.87%、23.14%、22.26%;E4、E3處理莖生物量所占比例最高,比ck分別提高了 2.96、2.54個百分點。3.應用根系掃描儀掃描及WinRHIZO根系分析系統(tǒng)對福建柏1年生容器苗根系形態(tài)指標進行測定,結(jié)果表明適量濃度的施氮有利于根系形態(tài)相關指標的提高。指數(shù)供氮模式E4處理下得到根系形態(tài)相關指標最大值,根長、根表面積、根體積、根平均直徑分別為1083.43 cm、196.92 cm2、3.37 cm3、0.80 cm,比 ck 提高了 124.63%、87.31%、74.61%、37.93%。4.幼苗生物量指標與根系形態(tài)指標存在密切關系。幼苗總生物量與總根長、總根表面積、總根體積、根系平均直徑之間相關系數(shù)分別為0.937、0.865、0.671、0.688,呈極顯著正相關。根冠比與地上生物量、總根體積、根系平均直徑相關系數(shù)分別為-0.159、-0.091、-0.039,呈負相關。比根長與根冠比相關系數(shù)為-0.508,呈極顯著負相關�？偵锪俊⒌厣仙锪颗c根系生物量之間呈極顯著正相關。5.幼苗根系生物量與苗高、地徑之間存在密切關系,采用逐步回歸、多元線性回歸、多元非線性回歸(洛倫茲模型、拋物面模型)四種擬合方法對幼苗根系生物量及苗高、地徑進行擬合。以地上部分來預測地下根系生物量變化,拋物面模型具有更高的R2(0.92～0.978)和更小的RSS(0.234～0.841),擬合效果更精確。6.隨著供氮水平的提高,葉綠素含量、可溶性蛋白含量、硝酸還原酶活性表現(xiàn)出先增后減的變化規(guī)律。氮素供應水平為600 mg·株-1時,葉綠素含量、可溶性蛋白含量、硝酸還原酶活性達到最高。該濃度氮素供應下,指數(shù)供氮模式E4處理葉綠素含量為4.26 mg·g-1、可溶性蛋白含量為3.78 mg·g-1、硝酸還原酶活性為4.83μg·g-1·h-1,比ck分別提高47.40%、30.34%、42.48%,比平均供氮模式A4處理分別提高9.51%、8.93%、3.43%,因此,指數(shù)供氮模式對幼苗相關生理指標的影響更顯著。7.不同供氮模式對福建柏1年生容器苗苗高、地徑及相關生理指標影響顯著。在此基礎上對其進行相關分析,結(jié)果表明,苗高、地徑、葉綠素含量、硝酸還原酶活性間呈極顯著正相關;可溶性蛋白含量與苗高、地徑間相關系數(shù)為0.041、0.029,相關關系較弱。因此,不同供氮模式下,幼苗苗高、地徑生長與葉片葉綠素含量、硝酸還原酶活性關系更加密切。
[Abstract]:Fokienia hoodgnsii is a rare species of rare tree species in China. It is a kind of southern forest tree species with wide application and high economic value. In order to increase the seedling quality of the seedlings of the Arborvitae, the seedling of the 1-year-old one-year-old was taken as the research object. Under the condition of the greenhouse, the index was used to supply the nitrogen and the average nitrogen for two modes, and the seedling height, the ground diameter and the biomass of the seedlings under the five different nitrogen supply levels were analyzed. The changes of the root morphology, the content of chlorophyll, the content of soluble protein and the activity of the nitrate reductase were used to provide a reference for the rational supply of nitrogen for the 1-year-old container of the Selaginella. The main results are as follows:1. The seedling height, ground diameter and biomass of the 1-year-old one-year-old one-year-old container in the growth season (7-10 months) were significantly affected by different nitrogen supply modes. The level of nitrogen treatment is in the range of 0-750 mg, and with the increase of nitrogen level, the seedling height, the ground diameter and the biomass show the change tendency of the first increase. The nitrogen supply level was 600 mg. When the strain was 1, the height of the seedling and the growth of the ground diameter were the maximum, the average nitrogen supply mode was 11.69 cm, 1.14 mm, and the index for nitrogen supply was 13.58cm and 1.38mm. The total biomass and root biomass were 1.17 g, 1.39 g, 2.51 g and 5.07 g, respectively, and the total biomass and root biomass were 1.75 and 1.57 times of ck, respectively. The nitrogen supply level reached 750 mg. When the plant-1, the seedling height, the ground diameter and the increase of the biomass decreased. In that same nitrogen concentration, the index of nitrogen supply is better than the average nitrogen supply mode. The distribution pattern of root, stem and leaf biomass was affected by the application of nitrogen, the biomass ratio of root system was 20.32% ~ 23.14%, and the proportion of aboveground biomass (stem and leaf biomass) was 77.27% ~ 79.85%, which was obviously higher than that of root system. The ratio of biomass of root system was 20.96%, 22.40%, 22.87%, 23.14% and 22.26%, respectively. The root morphology of the 1-year-old container was determined by the scanning of the root scanner and the analysis system of the WinRIZO root system. The results showed that the application of the appropriate concentration of nitrogen was beneficial to the improvement of the related index of the root system. The root length, root surface area, root volume and root mean diameter were 1083.43 cm, 196.92 cm2, 3.37 cm3, 0.80 cm, 124.63%, 87.31%, 74.61%, 37.93%, respectively. The seedling biomass index is closely related to the root morphology index. The correlation coefficient between total biomass and total root length, total root surface area, total root volume and root mean diameter was 0.937, 0.865, 0.671 and 0.688, respectively. The correlation coefficient between the root-to-crown ratio and the aboveground biomass, total root volume and root mean diameter was-0.159,-0.091,-0.039, and negative correlation. The correlation coefficient between the root length and the root crown was-0.508, and a negative correlation was found. The total biomass, aboveground biomass and root biomass were positively correlated. The biomass of the root system and the height of the seedling and the ground diameter of the seedling were fitted by stepwise regression, multiple linear regression, multiple nonlinear regression (Lorenz model and parabolic model). The ground part is used to predict the biomass of the underground root system, the parabolic model has higher R2 (0.92-0.978) and smaller RSS (0.234-0.841), and the fitting effect is more accurate. With the increase of nitrogen supply, the content of chlorophyll, the content of soluble protein and the activity of nitrate reductase show the change law of the first increase. The content of chlorophyll, soluble protein and nitrate reductase were the highest when the supply of nitrogen was 600 mg 路 plant-1. The content of soluble protein was 4.26 mg 路 g-1, the content of soluble protein was 3.78 mg 路 g-1, the activity of nitrate reductase was 4.83. m 8.93%, 3.43%, therefore, the effect of the index for nitrogen mode on the related physiological indexes of the seedlings was more significant. The effects of different nitrogen supply modes on the height, ground diameter and related physiological indexes of the 1-year-old Chinese-year-old container were significant. The results showed that the content of soluble protein was positively correlated with the content of chlorophyll and nitrate reductase, and the correlation coefficient between soluble protein and seedling height and ground diameter was 0.041, 0.029, and the correlation was weak. Therefore, under different nitrogen supply modes, the seedling height, the growth of the ground diameter and the chlorophyll content of the leaves and the activity of the nitrate reductase are more closely related.
【學位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S791.43

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