發(fā)布時間：2018-11-11 15:19

【摘要】：采用室內(nèi)盆栽試驗,研究兩種水分條件下(足量供水與限量供水)施加五種(0.00%、0.10%、0.20%、0.30%、0.40%)保水劑濃度對狗牙根、高羊茅萌發(fā)及幼苗形態(tài)、生理特征的影響,同時利用抗旱性綜合評定法對狗牙根、高羊茅抗旱性能進行綜合分析與評價。通過野外調(diào)查和試驗,探尋沙化土地草本植物快速恢復方法,以破除沙化土地水分、養(yǎng)分缺乏及風沙流動對草本植物種子萌發(fā)和幼苗生長的影響。研究結論如下:(1)保水劑可提高高羊茅種子萌發(fā)率與發(fā)芽勢,足量供水條件最優(yōu)保水劑濃度為0.10%,限量供水條件最優(yōu)保水劑濃度為0.40%和0.30%;保水劑可提高高羊茅幼苗葉片的Chl a、Chl b及類胡蘿卜素含量,降低幼苗葉片SOD,POD,MDA的含量,保水劑濃度為0.20%~0.40%處理時各組值變化幅度較小;保水劑可提高高羊茅根系活力,在保水劑濃度為0.20%處理時達到最大值;5種保水劑濃度下高羊茅抗旱性順序在足量供水條件下為0.40%0.20%0.30%0.10%0.00%,限量供水條件下為0.30%0.20%0.40%0.10%0.00%。(2)施加保水劑可以提高狗牙根匍匐莖萌發(fā)率與發(fā)芽勢,最優(yōu)保水劑濃度在足量供水條件為0.30%,限量供水條件下萌發(fā)率與發(fā)芽勢分別為0.20%和0.30%;施加保水劑可以提高狗牙根幼苗地上生物量、地下生物量及總生物量;施加保水劑濃度為0.10%~0.30%時的狗牙根幼苗葉片光合色素Chl a、Chl b、Chl a+b的含量均高于CK組;施加保水劑處理的狗牙根葉片膜脂過氧化產(chǎn)物MDA及保護酶SOD、POD、CAT含量均低于CK組;5種保水劑濃度下狗牙根幼苗抗旱性順序在足量供水條件下為0.30%0.20%0.10%0.40%0.00%,限量供水條件下為0.30%0.20%0.40%0.10%0.00%。(3)野外試驗表明,添加保水劑可提高狗牙根種子萌發(fā)率和促進幼苗生長。狗牙根發(fā)芽率呈現(xiàn)先上升后下降趨勢,在保水劑的濃度為0.25%時達到最大,當保水劑濃度高于0.25%,種子萌發(fā)速率開始下降;從存活率來看,整個試驗期添加保水劑處理組存活率均高于對照組;隨著試驗持續(xù)時間的延長,添加保水劑處理組株高較對照組增加越發(fā)明顯。
[Abstract]:A pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of water absorbent concentration on dogtooth root under two water conditions (adequate water supply and limited water supply) (0.000.10 and 0.20 0.30 0.40%). The effects of germination, morphology and physiological characteristics of tall fescue seedlings on drought resistance were analyzed and evaluated by the comprehensive evaluation method of drought resistance of dogtooth and tall fescue. Through field investigation and experiment, this paper explores the method of rapid recovery of herbaceous plants in sandy land, in order to eliminate the effects of water, nutrient deficiency and sand flow on the seed germination and seedling growth of herbaceous plants in desertified land. The results were as follows: (1) the germination rate and germination potential of tall fescue seeds could be increased by water absorbent. The optimum concentration of absorbent was 0.10 in sufficient water supply condition, and 0.40% and 0.30% in limited water supply condition. The water-retaining agent could increase the content of Chl a Chlb and carotenoid in the leaves of tall fescue seedlings, and decrease the content of SOD,POD,MDA in the leaves of tall fescue seedlings. When the concentration of water absorbent was 0.20%, the value of each group changed slightly. The root system activity of tall fescue was increased by water-retaining agent, and the maximum value was reached when the concentration of water-retaining agent was 0.20%. The order of drought resistance of tall fescue was 0.400.20 and 0.300.100.00000 under the condition of sufficient water supply under the concentration of 5 kinds of water-retaining agents. Under the condition of limited water supply, 0.300.20 and 0.400.100.0.00. (2) applying water absorbent can improve the germinating rate and germinating potential of stolon, and the optimum concentration of absorbent is 0.30 in sufficient water supply. The germination rate and germination potential were 0.20% and 0.30% respectively under limited water supply. The aboveground biomass, underground biomass and total biomass could be increased by adding water-retaining agent. When the concentration of water absorbent was 0.10 ~ 0.30, the content of photosynthetic pigment Chl _ (1) B _ (b) Chla-b was higher than that of CK group. The contents of membrane lipid peroxidation product (MDA) and protective enzyme (SOD,POD,CAT) in leaves treated with water retaining agent were lower than those in CK group. The order of drought resistance of the seedlings of Doggtooth was 0.300.200.100.400.000 under the condition of sufficient water supply under the concentration of 5 kinds of water absorbent. Under the condition of limited water supply, 0.300.20 and 0.400.100.000.The field test showed that the addition of water absorbent could increase the germination rate of seeds and promote the seedling growth. The germination rate of dogtooth rose first and then decreased, and reached the maximum when the concentration of water absorbent was 0.25. When the concentration of water absorbent was higher than 0.25, the germination rate of seeds began to decrease. The survival rate of the treated group was higher than that of the control group in the whole trial period, and the plant height of the treated group was significantly higher than that of the control group with the prolongation of the trial duration.
【學位授予單位】：江西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S688.4

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