發(fā)布時間：2018-09-04 13:41

【摘要】：秈稻和粳稻是亞洲栽培稻的兩個亞種,在形態(tài)、生理、生化性狀諸多方面都存在明顯的差異,通過秈稻和粳稻雜交可產(chǎn)生豐富的變異,為選育優(yōu)質高產(chǎn)品質奠定遺傳變異基礎。本研究以秈粳稻Sasanishiki和Habataki回交重組自交系群體為試驗材料研究了秈型頻率與產(chǎn)量、品質及其支鏈淀粉鏈長的關系,選題對秈粳稻雜交優(yōu)質高產(chǎn)育種有重要理論和實踐意義。結果表明:1、BIL群體在0.028～0.390之間連續(xù)分布,是研究秈型血緣對北方粳稻品質性狀影響的良好材料;BIL群體秈型頻率與有效穗數(shù)、結實率、千粒重、生物產(chǎn)量、經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)量、理論產(chǎn)量、經(jīng)濟系數(shù)均呈現(xiàn)負相關,其中有效穗數(shù)、經(jīng)濟系數(shù)、理論產(chǎn)量和實際產(chǎn)量達到顯著或極顯著水平,秈型頻率與每穗粒數(shù)正相關但是并沒有達到顯著水平。秈型頻率與糙米率、精米率、整精米率都表現(xiàn)為負相關其中秈型頻率與糙米率的負相關達到極顯著水平。秈型頻率與堊白率、堊白度的相關有正負之別,但是均未達到顯著水平且相關系數(shù)很小,秈型頻率與長寬比表現(xiàn)為正相關但是也沒有達到顯著水平。2、Habataki籽粒長寬比顯著高于Sasanishiki,其他加工品質和外觀品質差異大多沒有達到顯著水平,BILs群體秈型頻率除與糙米率極顯著負相關外,與其他加工和外觀品質相關性均不顯著。HabatakiAAC、Fb3、RS顯著高于Sasanishiki,而Fa顯著低于后者,BILs群體秈型頻率與上述淀粉特性的相關性都不顯著。HabatakiPKV、HPV、CPV顯著高于Sasanishiki,BILs群體秈型頻率只與PKV呈顯著的負相關。3、Sasanishiki米飯外觀、口感和綜合評價顯著優(yōu)于Habataki,分析BILs群體秈型頻率與蒸煮食味品質關系發(fā)現(xiàn),秈型頻率與外觀、口感和綜合評價均呈極顯著負相關,特別是與綜合評價的相關系數(shù)達到-0.933,決定系數(shù)高達0.870。由此可知,秈型頻率越高米飯外觀和口感越差,綜合評價越低。
[Abstract]:Indica rice and japonica rice are two subspecies of Asian cultivated rice. There are obvious differences in morphological, physiological and biochemical characters. The hybrid of indica rice and japonica rice can produce abundant variation, which lays a genetic variation foundation for breeding high quality and high yield quality. The relationship between frequency of indica type and yield, quality and amylopectin chain length of indica japonica rice (Sasanishiki) and Habataki backcross inbred line population was studied in this study. This study has important theoretical and practical significance for indica japonica hybrid breeding with high quality and high yield. The results showed that the population of BIL was continuously distributed between 0.028 and 0.390, and it was a good material to study the effect of blood relationship of indica on quality traits of northern japonica rice. The population frequency, effective panicle number, seed setting rate, 1000-grain weight, biological yield, economic yield and theoretical yield were studied. The economic coefficients were all negatively correlated, among which the effective panicle number, economic coefficient, theoretical yield and actual yield reached significant or extremely significant level, and the frequency of indica type was positively correlated with the number of grains per panicle, but it did not reach the significant level. The frequency of indica rice was negatively correlated with the brown rice rate, the milled rice rate and the whole milled rice rate, and the negative correlation between the frequency of indica rice type and the brown rice rate reached a very significant level. The correlation between frequency of indica type and chalkiness rate and degree of chalkiness was positive or negative, but the correlation coefficient was not significant and the correlation coefficient was very small. The frequency of indica rice was positively correlated with the aspect ratio of length to width, but the aspect ratio of grain length to width was significantly higher than that of other processing quality and appearance quality of Sasanishiki,. The frequency of indica rice population except brown rice was not significantly higher than that of other processing quality and appearance quality of indica rice. The rate was significantly negative, HabatakiAAC Fb3RS was significantly higher than Sasanishiki, while Fa was significantly lower than that of the latter. Habataki Sasanishiki, was significantly higher than Sasanishiki,BILs in indica rice frequency and starch characteristics. Habataki Sasanishiki, was significantly higher than Sasanishiki,BILs in indica rice. Negative correlation. 3 Sasanishiki rice appearance, Taste and comprehensive evaluation were significantly better than Habataki, analysis of BILs population Indica frequency and cooking quality found that the frequency of indica type and appearance, taste and comprehensive evaluation were significantly negative correlation. In particular, the correlation coefficient with comprehensive evaluation reached -0.933, and the determining coefficient reached 0.870. Therefore, the higher the frequency of indica rice is, the worse the appearance and taste of rice is, and the lower the comprehensive evaluation is.
【學位授予單位】：沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S511
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本文編號：2222269