本文選題：馬鈴薯新品系 + 重要農藝性狀�。� 參考：《內蒙古農業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：為選育出抗晚疫病能力強、產量高、品質好、芽眼淺且結合雙親的優(yōu)良特性的馬鈴薯新品種,本試驗依據優(yōu)缺點互補、地理間隔遠和生態(tài)型差異大的親本選配原則,以抗病性強的國產品種'隴薯7號'作母本,分別用美國引進的商品性性狀好的馬鈴薯品種'CY-1'和'MIN-021'作父本進行組配,經人工去雄授粉雜交得到了 '隴薯7號×CY-1'、'隴薯7號×MIN-021'的2個雜交組合F1代分離單株群體,通過大田選擇優(yōu)異單株及對其農藝性狀測定和評價,選育出6個綜合農藝性狀表現突出的雜種F1新品系G1、G5、T1、T5、T6和T10。本研究重點對這6個馬鈴薯新品系的主要農藝性狀、染色體構型及花粉育性進行了測定和評價,并進行了遺傳差異的SSR分析。主要結果如下:1.馬鈴薯優(yōu)良新品系G1、T1、T5、T6和T10均為中熟型品系,G5為中早熟型品系。各新品系塊莖芽眼淺、薯形好、結薯集中整齊,單株產量和商品薯率分別在1.12 kg 和 80%以上。2.各新品系塊莖的干物質含量變幅為21.89%～26.40%,淀粉含量變幅為15.39%～21.52%,其中T6和T10為全粉加工型新品系。各新品系的還原糖含量變幅為0.0121～0.0179 mg/100g,可作薯條薯片加工利用。T10為高花青素含量彩色馬鈴薯新品系。3.相關性分析表明,淀粉含量與干物質含量和分枝數呈顯著正相關,平均薯重與單株結薯數、塊莖還原糖含量與淀粉含量均呈顯著負相關。4.新品系G1、G5、T1、T5、T6和T10的PMCMI染色體配對構型分別為4.12Ⅰ +9.47Ⅱ+3.37Ⅲ+3.71Ⅴ、3.54 Ⅰ +10.25Ⅱ+4.08Ⅲ+2.94Ⅳ、2.65 Ⅰ +12.06Ⅱ+2.12Ⅲ+3.74Ⅳ、5.73 Ⅰ +8.98Ⅱ+4.26Ⅲ+2.89Ⅳ、3.84 Ⅰ +9.26Ⅱ+3.19Ⅲ+4.02Ⅳ和 2.42 Ⅰ +11.56Ⅱ+3.31Ⅲ+3.14Ⅳ。6個新品系的花粉育性變幅為56.73%～74.58%。5.試驗篩選出12對SSR適宜引物,對9個供試材料進行PCR擴增獲得SSR多態(tài)性位點92個,多態(tài)性位點百分率為77.31%。用引物S153建立了能區(qū)分出各新品系及其親本的SSR指紋圖。6.以遺傳距離(GD值)0.35為基準,將9個材料聚為4類:第一類為'隴薯7號'和品系G1;第二類為'CY-1'、' MIN-021'和品系T6;第三類為品系G5和T5;第四類為品系T6和T10。
[Abstract]:In order to select a new potato variety with strong resistance to late blight, high yield, good quality, shallow bud and excellent characteristics of both parents, this experiment was based on the principle of parental selection with complementary advantages and disadvantages, wide geographical spacing and wide ecotype differences. The Chinese variety 'Longshu 7', which has strong resistance to disease, was used as female parent, and the potato varieties (CY-1 'and MMIN-021'), which had good commercial characters introduced from the United States, were used as male parent, respectively. Two hybrid combinations, 'Longshu 7 脳 CY-1' and 'Longshu 7 脳 MIN-021', were obtained by artificial androgenic pollination. They were selected in the field, and their agronomic characters were measured and evaluated. Six new F _ 1 hybrids with outstanding comprehensive agronomic traits were selected and selected. The new lines G1HG _ (5) T _ (1) and T _ (1) T _ (5) T _ (5) and T _ (10) were selected. In this study, the main agronomic characters, chromosome configuration and pollen fertility of the 6 new potato lines were determined and evaluated, and the genetic differences were analyzed by SSR. The main results are as follows: 1. The new potato lines G1, T1, T1, T5, T6, and T10, were of medium maturing type and medium and early maturing type, respectively. The tuber bud of each new strain is light, the tuber shape is good, the tuber is concentrated and tidy, the yield per plant and the rate of commercial tuber are 1.12 kg and 80% respectively. The content of dry matter in tuber of each new strain was 21.89 and 26.40, and the content of starch was 15.39 and 21.52, among which T6 and T10 were new strains of whole powder processing type. The range of reducing sugar content of each new strain is 0.0121 ~ 0.0179 mg / 100 g, which can be used for processing potato chips. T10 is a new color potato strain with high anthocyanin content. The correlation analysis showed that the starch content was positively correlated with the dry matter content and the number of branches, and the average tuber weight was negatively correlated with the number of tubers per plant, and the content of reducing sugar in tubers was negatively correlated with the content of starch. The PMCMI chromosome pairing configuration of the new strain G1G5, T1, T5, T6 and T10 is 4.12 鈪，

本文編號：1907397