本文選題：楠木屬 + 潤楠屬��； 參考：《福建農(nóng)林大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國楠木品種因產(chǎn)地不同,質(zhì)量參差不齊,價格差別很大。如今面對資源緊缺,標準缺乏,楠木交易市場出現(xiàn)了鑒別難度大,以假亂真、以次充好的欺詐現(xiàn)象,常常使消費者不能判別其真?zhèn)巍Ｒ虼?對楠木類木材進行宏觀、微觀結(jié)構(gòu)特征及細胞幾何形態(tài)特征進行研究,分析探尋楠木各屬類木材結(jié)構(gòu)特征的異同點,有助于規(guī)范和完善楠木類木材的識別與鑒定,具有實際應(yīng)用價值。本文通過對五種楠木類木材(閩楠、楨楠、小果潤楠、潤楠和華潤楠)進行宏觀構(gòu)造、微觀結(jié)構(gòu)、細胞離析、木材顏色、密度相關(guān)屬性的觀察和測定,對木材宏觀構(gòu)造特征、微觀結(jié)構(gòu)特征、各類細胞種類、細胞的組合形式及幾何形態(tài)特征參數(shù)進行了比較分析,探究楠木“金絲”與結(jié)晶體的關(guān)系,歸納總結(jié)出五種楠木木材的異同點。(1)宏觀構(gòu)造方面：五種楠木生長輪形狀除小果潤楠呈微波浪形外,其余都呈圓形或橢圓形；木射線均為中等木射線,閩楠和楨楠帶有微芳香氣味,小果潤楠和潤楠的氣味偏酸香味,華潤楠新切面有帶辛辣的芳香味；閩楠顏色淺黃微綠色,楨楠顏色黃褐微紅色,小果潤楠顏色淺黃褐色,潤楠黃褐微綠色,華潤楠顏色淺紅褐微綠色；楨楠、小果潤楠、潤楠和華潤楠的光澤較閩楠好并呈現(xiàn)出亮麗幻景；閩楠、潤楠較直,楨楠的紋理略斜,小果潤楠的紋理呈波浪形,而華潤楠整體紋理頗直但部分也呈波浪形；五種楠木木材結(jié)構(gòu)細勻,質(zhì)地較輕軟。(2)解剖特征方面：五種楠木的管孔組合形式以單管孔和短徑列復管孔為主,偶見管孔團,管孔分布均勻,均為散孔材；穿孔類型為單穿孔,或兼單穿孔和梯狀穿孔；導管間紋孔互列式或兼對列和互列；具分隔木纖維；木射線非疊生,單列射線少,多列射線寬多為2個細胞,射線組織主為異形Ⅲ或Ⅱ型,小果潤楠偶見異形Ⅰ型,同一射線內(nèi)間或出現(xiàn)2次多列部分,部分橫臥細胞的高度較高,射線與導管間紋孔式為橫列刻痕狀及同管間紋孔式；華潤楠木射線中含較多深紅褐色樹膠,小果潤楠樹膠顏色較淺；軸向薄壁組織主要為環(huán)管束狀、稀疏狀,偶見翼狀；木射線和軸向薄壁細胞普遍存在油細胞和結(jié)晶體。(3)楠木“金絲”與結(jié)晶體的位置、數(shù)目和形態(tài)相關(guān),結(jié)晶體數(shù)量越多,形態(tài)越小,金絲越明顯。(4)五種楠木結(jié)構(gòu)特征參數(shù)方面：五種楠木平均管孔數(shù)都分布在10-30個/mm2,管孔數(shù)都略少。小果潤楠和華潤楠的管孔極小,閩楠、楨楠和潤楠管孔略小。導管細胞壁厚度潤楠(4.27μm)最厚,楨楠(3.45μm)最薄,其它相差無幾。木纖維尺寸上小果潤楠和華潤楠較大,楨楠和潤楠次之,閩楠最小。閩楠的木纖維(木纖維實質(zhì)率65.81%)最疏松,潤楠(73.94%)、小果潤楠(72.61%)和楨楠(71.81%)的密實程度相近,較密實,華潤楠(67.65%)次之。單位長度木射線根數(shù)潤楠(22條/5mm),其它四種木材的木射線條數(shù)相近在25-50條/5mm,都屬于中偏少。單位面積結(jié)晶體個數(shù)楨楠(208個/mm2)和潤楠(232個/mm2)單位面積結(jié)晶體個數(shù)較多。(5)組織比量分析方面：閩楠的木纖維組織比量(64.35%)為五者中最大,軸向薄壁組織(11.21%)為五者最�。粯E楠的木射線組織比量(13.33%)是最大的,潤楠導管(26.77%)和結(jié)晶體(2.22%)的組織比量都為五者最大,但木纖維(50.16%)和木射線(10.79)的組織比量是最小的。華潤楠導管(10.45%)和結(jié)晶體(0.92%)是五者最小,而軸向薄壁組織(19.11%)是最大的。(6)細胞幾何形態(tài)特征分析方面：五種楠木導管細胞都具矩形、圓柱形、紡錘形和一端尖削一端鈍平的形狀,均未發(fā)現(xiàn)鼓形,矩形為主要細胞形態(tài)均占導管總細胞形態(tài)40%以上。在小果潤楠和華潤楠中還出現(xiàn)類似圓錐形的導管細胞,華潤楠的導管細胞里有臺形形狀的細胞。除閩楠木纖維形態(tài)較直外,其它四種楠木的部分纖維都出現(xiàn)不同程度的彎曲。五種楠木均出現(xiàn)部分橫臥細胞的高度較高,華潤楠橫臥細胞的長度明顯高于其它樹種橫臥高度,是最大值。五種楠木的軸向薄壁細胞的串中個數(shù)多為2-5個,偶見單個,形態(tài)為長方形兩端鈍平或尖削；五種楠木只有閩楠、楨楠和潤楠存在晶簇,楨楠和潤楠存在菱方形,只有小果潤楠存在針晶體。(7)五種楠木木材顏色測定分析方面：五種楠木木材顏色均為紅黃色調(diào),其中閩楠顏色相比更暗,飽和度較低,色調(diào)號分別為閩楠4.85Y,楨楠3.04Y,小果潤楠2.99Y,潤楠3.27Y,華潤楠1.62Y。(8)五種楠木密度測定方面：楠木屬中的楨楠氣干密度0.553g/cm3大于閩楠0.479g/cm3。潤楠屬中小果潤楠氣干密度0.740 g/cm3大于潤楠和華潤楠,而潤楠0.634 g/cm3和華潤楠0.652 g/cm3兩者的氣干密度基本相近。
[Abstract]:This paper makes a comparative analysis on macro - structure , microstructure , cell segregation , wood color and density - related properties of Nanmu wood .
The wood ray is medium - wood ray , Min - nan and Zhennan with micro - aromatic odor , the small - fruit wetting and the moistening of the smell of the smell of sour flavor , the new section of CR Nan has spicy and spicy flavor ;
Minnan color light yellow micro - green , green color yellow brown micro red , Xiaoguo Runnan color light yellow brown , Runnan yellow brown slightly green , CR Nan color light brown slightly green ;
The gloss of Machnan , Xiaoguo Runnan , Runnan and CR Nan is better than that of Min Nan and presents a bright vision ;
The texture of Machnan was slightly inclined , and the texture of Machnan was wavy , but the whole texture of CR Nan was quite straight , but the part was wavy .
The five kinds of nanmu timber structures are fine and uniform , and the texture is relatively soft . ( 2 ) In the aspect of anatomy , five kinds of nanmu ' s tube - hole combination is mainly composed of single - tube hole and short - diameter column compound pipe hole , and the pipe - hole group is occasionally seen , and the distribution of the pipe holes is uniform , all of which are scattered materials ;
the perforation type is a single perforation or a single perforation and a ladder - like perforation ;
Cross - column or double - column and column - to - column pattern ;
separating wood fiber ;
X - ray non - overlapping , single - row ray is few , the multi - column ray width is more than 2 cells , the main of ray tissue is heteromorphic type 鈪，

本文編號：1869866