本文選題：核盤菌 + 菌核凈��； 參考：《華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：核盤菌[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.)de Bary]屬于子囊菌門核盤菌屬,是一類世界性分布的植物病原真菌。本論文以3株田間菌核凈抗性菌株(JMS14-J1、HLJ3、HLJ4)為試驗(yàn)材料,研究了低劑量菌核凈對核盤菌生長以及致病的促進(jìn)效應(yīng)。低劑量菌核凈對于核盤菌菌絲的生長有顯著促進(jìn)作用。在馬鈴薯葡糖糖瓊脂培養(yǎng)基上,0.1 mg/L~50 mg/L的菌核凈可顯著促進(jìn)JMS14-J1菌絲的生長,最大促進(jìn)幅度為165.67%;0.1 mg/L~1.6 mg/L的菌核凈對HLJ3菌絲生長的最大促進(jìn)幅度為56.18%;1 mg/L~40 mg/L的菌核凈對HLJ4菌絲生長的最大促進(jìn)幅度為25.46%。此外,1 mg/L~50 mg/L菌核凈能顯著增加菌株JMS14-J1形成菌核的個(gè)數(shù)以及干重。低劑量菌核凈對于核盤菌的致病力有顯著促進(jìn)作用。在盆栽油菜葉片上,噴施10 mg/L~400 mg/L的菌核凈能顯著提高JMS14-J1的致病力,最大提高幅度為86.84%;0.01 mg/L~4 mg/L的菌核凈能顯著提高HLJ3的致病力,最大提高幅度為31.80%;0.1 mg/L~1 mg/L的菌核凈能顯著提高HLJ4的致病力,最大提高幅度為70.25%。菌株JMS14-J1在含50和100 mg/L菌核凈的PDA上生長后,轉(zhuǎn)接到空白PDA上(第一代),菌絲生長顯著加快;將第一代菌絲再轉(zhuǎn)接到空白PDA上(第二代),菌絲生長與對照相比無顯著差異;在含1 mg/L~100 mg/L菌核凈的PDA上生長后,其致病力提高36.69%~123.74%。10 mg/L和50 mg/L菌核凈處理對其體內(nèi)過氧化氫酶活性、過氧化物酶活性、超氧化物歧化酶活性以及產(chǎn)H+能力無顯著提高作用。電子顯微鏡觀察結(jié)果顯示,1 mg/L~50 mg/L菌核凈處理后,JMS14-J1菌絲變得稀薄且分枝減少。掃描電鏡結(jié)果顯示,10 mg/L和50 mg/L菌核凈處理后,JMS14-J1號(hào)菌株菌絲生物量明顯增加。轉(zhuǎn)錄組測序結(jié)果表明,10 mg/L的菌核凈對于菌絲的生物過程、細(xì)胞組成以及分子功能等模塊的基因表達(dá)水平具有顯著影響。qRT-PCR實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與轉(zhuǎn)錄組測序結(jié)果相關(guān)性較好。這些結(jié)果為下一步篩選菌核凈對核盤菌生長及致病促進(jìn)效應(yīng)中起關(guān)鍵作用的基因提供了支持。
[Abstract]:Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.)de Bary, which belongs to the genus Sclerotinia, is a class of plant pathogenic fungi distributed all over the world. In this paper, the effects of low-dose sclerotia on the growth and pathogenicity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) were studied by using three field sclerotia net resistant strains JMS14-J1HJ3HLJ4 as experimental materials. Low dose sclerotia can promote the growth of sclerotia significantly. The sclerotia of 0.1 mg/L~50 mg/L on potato glucose-Agar medium could significantly promote the growth of JMS14-J1 hyphae. The maximal promoting range of sclerotia net on HLJ3 hypha growth was 165.670.l mg/L~1.6 mg/L and 56.18.1 mg/L~40 mg/L. The maximum promoting range of sclerotia net on HLJ4 hyphal growth was 25.46. In addition, 1 mg/L~50 mg/L sclerotia net significantly increased the number and dry weight of sclerotia formed by JMS14-J1. Low dose Sclerotinia sclerotiorum can promote the pathogenicity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. In pot rape leaves, spraying sclerotia for 10 mg/L~400 mg/L could significantly improve the pathogenicity of JMS14-J1, and the sclerotia of 86.84 mg/L~4 mg/L could significantly improve the pathogenicity of HLJ3. The sclerotia net with the maximum increase of 31.80 mg/L~1 mg/L could significantly increase the pathogenicity of HLJ4, and the maximum increase range was 70.25%. After growing on the PDA containing 50 and 100 mg/L sclerotia net, the strain JMS14-J1 was transferred to the blank PDA (the first generation, hyphae growth was accelerated significantly, and the first generation of hyphae was transferred to the blank PDA (the second generation, the hyphal growth was not significantly different from the control). After growing on PDA containing 1 mg/L~100 mg/L sclerotia net, its pathogenicity was increased by 36.690.123.74. 10 mg/L and 50 mg/L. The activity of catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the ability of H production were not significantly increased after treatment with sclerotia of 50 mg/L. The results of electron microscopy showed that the mycelium of JMS14-J1 became thin and branched after the treatment of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum for 1 mg/L~50 mg/L. The results of scanning electron microscope showed that the mycelium biomass of strain JMS14-J1 increased significantly after the treatment of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum for 10 mg/L and 50 mg/L. The results of transcriptome sequencing showed that Sclerotinia sclerotiorum for 10 mg/L had a significant effect on the gene expression level of mycelium, cell composition and molecular function. The results of qRT-PCR had a good correlation with the results of transcriptional sequencing. These results support the screening of genes that play a key role in the growth and pathogenicity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S432.44

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