本文關鍵詞：湘中地區(qū)矮化香椿施肥技術研究　出處：《中南林業(yè)科技大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 矮化香椿 不同肥料 生長 葉片 椿芽產(chǎn)量

【摘要】：本試驗通過在湖南湘鄉(xiāng)地區(qū)的大田實驗,研究了復合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥對矮化香椿的生長、葉片營養(yǎng)成分、產(chǎn)量的影響,系統(tǒng)地分析了多項指標的動態(tài)變化特點,優(yōu)選出了適合湘中地區(qū)矮化香椿生長的肥料施用組合,為湘中地區(qū)矮化香椿的栽培生產(chǎn)中的肥料選用提供依據(jù)。主要研究結果如下:(1)復合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥的濃度均對香椿的地徑增加量影響極顯著,復合肥和磷酸二氫鉀濃度對老葉長度、小葉長度、小葉數(shù)量影響顯著,氨基酸肥對老葉長度、小葉長度、小葉數(shù)量影響未達到顯著水平。在所有生長量方面,復合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥的促進效果均隨著濃度的增加呈先上升后下降的趨勢;在地徑增加量方面,復合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥的所有濃度處理均對比對照組顯著提高;在老葉和小葉生長發(fā)育方面,過高濃度的磷酸二氫鉀不適合老葉和小葉生長發(fā)育,對其有一定抑制作用。(2)復合肥的所有處理均對葉片可溶性蛋白質(zhì)含量有明顯的促進作用;磷酸二氫鉀濃度在0.5g·L-1～1.5g·L-1范圍內(nèi)對葉片可溶性蛋白質(zhì)含量有明顯的促進作用,濃度為2.0g·L-1時促進效果不顯著;氨基酸肥僅在濃度為1.Og·L-1對葉片可溶性蛋白質(zhì)含量有明顯的促進作用,過高和過低濃度都不利于葉片蛋白質(zhì)的積累。(3)不同濃度的復合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥均對香椿葉片可溶性糖含量有差異性影響。復合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥對可溶性糖含量的促進效果均隨著濃度的增加呈先上升后下降的趨勢,過高濃度效果均不顯著,合理的濃度選擇可以增加香椿葉片的光合作用,使光合產(chǎn)物增加,干物質(zhì)的積累增多,進而提高可溶性糖含量。(4)合理濃度的復合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥均能促進香椿葉片對氮元素的吸收積累,效果大小依次為:復合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥。復合肥的所有濃度處理均與對照組存在極顯著性差異,在各個時期均能明顯提高氮含量;磷酸二氫鉀濃度在0.5g·L-1～1·5g·L-1范圍內(nèi)對葉片可溶性蛋白質(zhì)含量有明顯的促進作用,濃度過高時則與對照組的差異不顯著;當氨基酸肥濃度高于1.Og·L-1時便會不利于葉片中的氮元素的積累。(5)施用復合肥和磷酸二氫鉀均能長期提高并且保持葉片的磷含量,使香椿葉片的磷元素在花期和果期不會過多的轉移和流失;施用氨基酸肥對香椿葉片的磷含量沒有影響,不同濃度處理均與對照組差異未達顯著水平,不同濃度之間差異也未達顯著水平。(6)不同濃度的復合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥均對香椿葉片得鉀含量有影響。施用磷酸二氫鉀能在短期內(nèi)使葉片的鉀含量大幅度提升,隨著時間提升效果逐漸下降,而復合肥能長期提升并保持較高程度的鉀含量;所有濃度的氨基酸肥也能在短期內(nèi)小幅度提升葉片的鉀含量,但隨著時間提升效果迅速下降,較高濃度的氨基酸肥的鉀含量甚至低于對照組。(7)復合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥混合施用均能在不同程度上提高香椿的生長量、椿芽的質(zhì)量和產(chǎn)量。使香椿豐產(chǎn)的最佳施用組合是:復合肥濃度40g·株-1,磷酸二氫鉀濃度1.Og·L-1,氨基酸肥濃度1.5g·LL-1,椿芽產(chǎn)量為31.15g·株-1,比對照組高77.90%。對椿芽產(chǎn)量的影響因子的大小依次為:復合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥,復合肥濃度和磷酸二氫鉀濃度的交互項對椿芽產(chǎn)量表現(xiàn)出很好的顯著性。
[Abstract]:The field experiment in Hunan Xiangxiang area through the test of compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer on the growth of dwarf Chinese Toona, leaf nutrients, yield, and systematic analysis of the dynamic characteristics of a number of indicators, optimized fertilization combined growth of Toona sinensis dwarf in the area of Hunan, provide the basis for cultivation production in the area of Hunan in dwarf Chinese Toona fertilizer use. The main results are as follows: (1) compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, concentration of amino acid fertilizer on the diameter increment of Toona sinensis significantly affected, compound fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate concentration on the leaf length, leaf length, leaf number of leaflet length amino acid fertilizer on the old leaf length, number of leaflets effect did not reach significant level. In all growth, compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer promoting effect was increased with the concentration First increased and then decreased; in diameter increment, compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer in all treatments had significantly increased compared with the control group; in the old leaves and lobular growth, high concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is not suitable for old leaves and lobular growth, has a certain inhibitory effect on it. (2 all) compound fertilizer had obvious promoting effect on soluble protein content; potassium dihydrogen phosphate concentration in the 0.5g - L-1 - 1.5g - L-1 range of soluble protein content in leaf was promoted. The concentration of 2.0g - L-1 effect is not significant; amino acid fertilizer only in the concentration of 1.Og and L-1 have obvious effect on soluble protein content, high and low concentrations are not conducive to the accumulation of leaf protein. (3) different concentrations of compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer on leaves of Toona sinensis Soluble sugar content difference. Effect of compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, promote the effect of amino acid fertilizer on the soluble sugar content increased with the increased first and then decreased by increasing the concentration, high concentration effects were not significant, the reasonable concentration can increase the photosynthesis of Toona sinensis leaves, increase photosynthetic yield, dry matter the accumulation, and increase the content of soluble sugar. (4) the reasonable concentration of compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer could promote the absorption of nitrogen accumulation in leaf of Toona sinensis, the effect size is as follows: compound fertilizer, potassium hydrogen phosphate, two amino acid fertilizer. All concentrations of compound fertilizer and control group was significantly the difference, can significantly increase the nitrogen content in each period were 0.5g L-1; potassium dihydrogen phosphate concentration in the - 1 - 5g - L-1 range of soluble protein content in leaf was promoted. The concentration is too high and The control group had no significant difference; when the concentration is higher than that of 1.Og and L-1 amino acid fertilizer is not conducive to the accumulation of nitrogen in the leaves. (5) compound fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate can improve and maintain long-term phosphorus content in leaves, the phosphorus in leaf of Toona sinensis in flowering and fruit will not transfer too much and loss; did not affect the application of amino acid fertilizer on phosphorus content of Toona sinensis leaves, different concentrations compared with control group, the differences were not significant, differences between different concentrations did not reach significant level. (6) different concentrations of compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer on leaf of Toona sinensis have effect of potassium content. The application of potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the short term can greatly enhance leaf potassium content, as the time to enhance the effect of decreased gradually, and the long-term fertilizer can enhance and maintain a high degree of amino acid content of potassium fertilizer; all concentrations can also be in the short term To enhance the potassium content in leaves of small amplitude, but with time to enhance the effect of potassium content decreased rapidly, high concentration of amino acid fertilizer and even lower than the control group. (7) compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer application could improve the growth of Toona sinensis in different extent, the quality and yield of Chinese toon sprouts. The best combination of application toon yield are: compound fertilizer concentration of 40g strains -1, 1.Og and L-1 concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer concentration 1.5g / LL-1, the output of Chinese toon sprouts of 31.15g strain -1, were compared to the control factor of the influence on the output of Chinese toon sprouts group: high 77.90%. compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer, compound fertilizer and concentration the interaction of potassium dihydrogen phosphate concentration showed that the yield of Chinese toon bud is very good.

【學位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S644.4
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本文編號：1384711