【摘要】：20世紀30至40年代的中國,民族危機逐漸加劇。"九一八"事變致使東北淪陷,前所未有的民族危機引發(fā)了國人對西北邊疆形勢的擔憂,西北開發(fā)問題引起了社會各界人士的廣泛關(guān)注。從挽救國家命運、復興中華民族的需要出發(fā),政界、學界、輿論界進行了廣泛的呼吁,共同推動西北問題的討論,使西北開發(fā)問題成為社會各界關(guān)注的熱點問題。在這一時期西北開發(fā)問題的討論中,知識精英是一支重要的參與力量。他們組織學術(shù)社團,推進西北開發(fā)研究,在報刊上進行積極呼吁,為西北開發(fā)建言獻策,同時還發(fā)起各種西北考察活動,繼而探討開發(fā)西北邊疆的途徑和方法,知識分子開發(fā)西北邊疆思想彰顯了鮮明的時代性同時也具有實踐意義。知識精英的考察、研究和探討,使國人對以往較為陌生的西北邊疆的現(xiàn)狀有了較為充分的了解和認識,同時也為西北開發(fā)提出了一系列有價值的建議和設想。知識精英指出,西北是中華民族不可分割的一部分,西北的開發(fā)和建設關(guān)系到中華民族的存亡和長遠發(fā)展,在鞏固國家、建設經(jīng)濟、穩(wěn)定國防等多個方面,都具有重要的意義。知識精英也充分關(guān)注西北的民族問題,認為解決西北民族問題和西北地區(qū)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵就在于教育,只有通過發(fā)展民族教育,提高各民族素質(zhì),培養(yǎng)西北開發(fā)人才,才能為西北的開發(fā)和長遠發(fā)展打下牢固的根基。他們認為,西北開發(fā)具有巨大的潛力,而交通建設則是西北開發(fā)的第一要務,西北開發(fā)應該從推進西北鐵路、公路等交通設施的建設出發(fā)。同時,知識界還對西北開發(fā)中的資金問題、環(huán)境問題等進行了思考,提出了自己的建議。這一時期知識精英關(guān)于西北開發(fā)問題的思考和建議,表明了他們對國家、民族命運的憂心,體現(xiàn)了中國知識分子關(guān)注現(xiàn)實的情懷。知識精英在西北開發(fā)問題上的見解和主張,具有科學性和前瞻性,雖然不少設想限于當時的條件而無法實施,但對后世仍有啟示意義和參考價值。
[Abstract]:In China from the 1930s to the 1940s, the national crisis gradually intensified. " The "September 18th" incident led to the fall of northeast China. The unprecedented national crisis caused the people to worry about the situation of the northwest frontier, and the development of the northwest caused widespread concern from people from all walks of life. Starting from the needs of saving the destiny of the country and reviving the Chinese nation, the political, academic and public opinion circles have made a broad appeal to jointly promote the discussion of the northwest issue, so that the northwest development issue has become a hot issue of concern from all walks of life in the society. In this period, the intellectual elite is an important participating force in the discussion of northwest development. They organized academic associations, promoted the research and development of the Northwest, made positive appeals in newspapers and periodicals, made suggestions for the development of the Northwest, at the same time launched various activities for the investigation of the Northwest, and then explored the ways and methods for the development of the Northwest Frontier. The development of the northwest frontier thought of intellectuals shows distinct times and has practical significance at the same time. The investigation, research and discussion of the intellectual elites have made the Chinese people have a fuller understanding and understanding of the present situation of the northwest frontier, and at the same time put forward a series of valuable suggestions and ideas for the development of the northwest. The intellectual elites point out that the northwest is an inseparable part of the Chinese nation, the development and construction of the northwest is related to the survival and long-term development of the Chinese nation, in consolidating the country, building the economy, stabilizing the national defense, and so on, are of great significance. The intellectual elites also pay full attention to the ethnic problems in the northwest, holding that the key to solving the ethnic problems in the northwest and the development of the northwest lies in education, only through the development of ethnic education, the improvement of the quality of all nationalities, and the cultivation of talents for the development of the northwest. Ability for northwest development and long-term development to lay a solid foundation. They think that the northwest development has great potential, and the traffic construction is the first important task of the northwest development, the northwest development should start from promoting the northwest railway, highway and other transportation facilities construction. At the same time, the intellectual circles also think about the problems of capital and environment in the northwest development, and put forward their own suggestions. The thoughts and suggestions of the intellectual elites on the northwest development in this period show that they are worried about the fate of the nation and the nation, and reflect the Chinese intellectuals' concern about the reality. The opinions and opinions of intellectual elites on the issue of northwest development are scientific and forward-looking. Although many assumptions are limited to the conditions at that time and cannot be implemented, they are still of enlightening significance and reference value to later generations.
【學位授予單位】：天津師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K258

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