本文選題：語義場 + “看”　； 參考：《鄭州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以南北朝隋至唐五代時(shí)期的“看”類動(dòng)詞為研究對象,從“語義場”理論的角度,對這一時(shí)期的“看”類動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行定量統(tǒng)計(jì)和定性分析。并運(yùn)用共時(shí)考察與歷時(shí)比較相結(jié)合的方法,梳理和描寫這一階段“看”類動(dòng)詞語義場的各個(gè)成員,以此進(jìn)一步歸納這些成員自南北朝隋至唐五代的發(fā)展演變軌跡。全文分別對南北朝隋及唐五代這兩個(gè)階段進(jìn)行考察。選取各自歷史階段口語性較強(qiáng)的優(yōu)質(zhì)語料,對這些代表性文獻(xiàn)中,表達(dá)“觀看”即“以視線接觸具體或抽象事物”這一行為概念的詞語進(jìn)行調(diào)查和統(tǒng)計(jì),并對其在語料中的具體應(yīng)用情況做以描寫和分析。同時(shí),將兩個(gè)時(shí)期“看”類動(dòng)詞語義場中的成員進(jìn)行歷時(shí)比較,從語義特征、用法功能、組合形式、使用頻率、分布地位等層面,考察各成員從南北朝隋到唐五代的更替變化情況,以探求“看”類動(dòng)詞語義場在南北朝隋至唐五代時(shí)期發(fā)展演變的特點(diǎn)和原因。具體而言,文章大致從以下四個(gè)層面展開。首先,在理論方法層面,文章闡明了“看”類動(dòng)詞語義場的研究背景和意義,對“看”類動(dòng)詞的范圍進(jìn)行了界定,確立了考察的內(nèi)容和對象,闡述了研究的方法及目標(biāo),并說明了語料的選取,研究的難點(diǎn)和創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)等問題。其二,在橫向考察方面,本文對語義場各成員的使用情況進(jìn)行了共時(shí)描寫。文章依次對南北朝隋和唐五代兩個(gè)時(shí)期的“看”類動(dòng)詞做以考察,調(diào)查和分析了語義場成員在各時(shí)期的語義特征、出現(xiàn)頻次、用法功能、成詞能力、分布地位等具體情況。并特別對南北朝隋時(shí)期北方與南方的語義場進(jìn)行了比較,從各自入場成員的不同,及成員分布地位的不同這兩個(gè)角度出發(fā),分析了這一時(shí)期南北語義場的地域差異。其三,在縱向考察方面,文章對語義場各成員的發(fā)展演變進(jìn)行了歷時(shí)梳理。本文對南北朝隋和唐五代這兩個(gè)時(shí)期的“看”類動(dòng)詞集合進(jìn)行了對比與分析,展現(xiàn)了自南北朝隋至唐五代,語義場內(nèi)部的繼承與延續(xù),豐富和發(fā)展,及退化與衰落。最后,在宏觀規(guī)律層面,本文歸納了“看”類動(dòng)詞語義場歷時(shí)演變的特點(diǎn)和原因。文章梳理了“看”類動(dòng)詞語義場在南北朝隋至唐五代時(shí)期的演變過程,從核心詞的更替,復(fù)音化的趨勢,組合形式的演變這三個(gè)方面,歸納了其歷時(shí)發(fā)展的特征和規(guī)律。并從表意功能的需求,語言接觸的影響,文言分離的制約,以及詞匯系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)部調(diào)整等方面,闡釋了該語義場在南北朝隋至唐五代階段發(fā)展演變的原因。從“語義場”理論的角度,對南北朝隋及唐五代的“看”類動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行共時(shí)考察和歷時(shí)比較,不僅能讓我們清晰地認(rèn)識(shí)“看”類動(dòng)詞語義場在這一階段發(fā)展演變的動(dòng)態(tài)軌跡,也能進(jìn)一步展現(xiàn)“語義場”理論對漢語詞匯研究的重要意義。
[Abstract]:This paper takes the "see" verbs from the Sui Dynasty to the Tang and the five dynasties of the Northern and Southern dynasties as the object of study. From the perspective of the theory of "semantic field", this paper makes quantitative statistics and qualitative analysis on the "see" verbs of this period. Using the method of synchronic investigation and diachronic comparison, this paper combs and describes the members of the semantic field of "look" verbs in this stage, and further sums up the development and evolution of these members from the Sui Dynasty to the Tang and the five dynasties of the Southern and Northern dynasties. The full text of the Southern and Northern dynasties Sui and Tang and five dynasties to investigate the two stages. In this paper, we select the high quality oral materials of each historical stage, and investigate and count the words that express the concept of "watching", that is, "contact concrete or abstract things with sight" in these representative literature. And its specific application in the corpus to do a description and analysis. At the same time, the diachronic comparison of the members in the semantic field of "look" verbs in the two periods is made from the semantic features, usage functions, combination forms, frequency of use, distribution status, and so on. In order to find out the characteristics and reasons of the semantic field of the verb "look" from Sui Dynasty to the five dynasties of Tang Dynasty and Northern Dynasty, this paper investigates the changes of the members from the Sui Dynasty to the five dynasties of the Tang Dynasty in order to find out the characteristics and reasons for the development and evolution of the semantic field. Specifically, the article from the following four levels. First of all, at the theoretical and methodological level, the paper clarifies the research background and significance of the semantic field of "see" verbs, defines the scope of "see" verbs, establishes the contents and objects of investigation, and expounds the methods and objectives of the research. It also explains the selection of corpus, the difficulties and innovations of the research. Secondly, in the aspect of horizontal investigation, this paper describes the usage of the members of semantic field in a synchronic way. This paper investigates the semantic features, frequency, usage function, word-forming ability and distribution status of the members of the semantic field in the Sui Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty and the five dynasties of the Southern and Northern dynasties in order to investigate and analyze the semantic characteristics, frequency, usage function, ability of word formation, and distribution status of the members of the semantic field in each period of the Sui Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty. In particular, this paper compares the semantic fields between the north and the south in the Sui Dynasty of the Southern and Northern dynasties, and analyzes the regional differences of the semantic fields between the north and the south in this period from the two angles of the difference of the entry members and the distribution status of the members. Thirdly, in the aspect of longitudinal investigation, the article sorts out the evolution of the members of semantic field in a diachronic way. This paper compares and analyzes the collection of "look" verbs in the Sui and Tang dynasties of the Southern and Northern dynasties, and shows the inheritance and continuation, enrichment and development, and degradation and decline of the semantic field from Sui Dynasty to Tang Dynasty. Finally, at the macro level, this paper summarizes the characteristics and causes of the diachronic evolution of the semantic field of "look" verbs. This paper combs the evolution process of semantic field of "look" verbs from Sui Dynasty to Tang Dynasty, summarizes the characteristics and rules of its diachronic development from three aspects: the replacement of the core words, the trend of polyphonation and the evolution of the combination form. From the aspects of the demand of ideographic function, the influence of language contact, the restriction of the separation of classical Chinese and the internal adjustment of the lexical system, the reasons for the development and evolution of the semantic field in the period of Sui Dynasty to Tang Dynasty and five dynasties of the Southern and Northern dynasties are explained. From the angle of "semantic field" theory, the synchronic investigation and diachronic comparison of the "see" verbs of the Sui Dynasty and the five dynasties of the Southern and Northern dynasties can not only make us understand clearly the dynamic track of the development and evolution of the semantic field of the "look" verb at this stage. It can also further demonstrate the significance of semantic field theory to the study of Chinese vocabulary.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H139

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