本文關(guān)鍵詞：唐五代河北地方社會的變遷與新興文士階層的興起　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 河北地方社會 新興文士 藩鎮(zhèn)體制 河北優(yōu)勢

【摘要】：五代宋初,河北地域出身的文武官僚崛起,在北方中央政權(quán)中形成了為學(xué)界稱為"河北優(yōu)勢"的特殊現(xiàn)象。本文旨在探求"河北優(yōu)勢"形成的社會根源,由此考察了唐玄宗朝到五代這兩百余年間河北地方人群的變動與社會變遷,并對作為"河北優(yōu)勢"主體的新興文士階層的興起歷程進(jìn)行了研究。開元天寶年間,因羈縻州的設(shè)置、東北少數(shù)族的內(nèi)徙定居,河北北部地方社會胡化日益加深。少數(shù)族逐漸融入當(dāng)?shù)鼗鶎由鐣?并改變了當(dāng)?shù)厝巳簶?gòu)成狀況。在胡化語境之外,因地方士族的普遍"中央化",造成河北地方精英人群結(jié)構(gòu)的變動,地方州縣官、因宦寓居的士族、土著類地方精英在宗教等基層社會活動中起到了主導(dǎo)性的作用,這反映了后"中央化"時(shí)代,河北地方社會精英人群的構(gòu)成與社會秩序狀況。在這一社會變遷中,河北本土新興文士嶄露頭角,以高尚、嚴(yán)莊等為代表的新興文士在安祿山起兵叛亂和政權(quán)建設(shè)中起到了至關(guān)重要的作用。安史之亂后,河北進(jìn)入藩鎮(zhèn)割據(jù)時(shí)代。藩鎮(zhèn)體制給地方新興文士階層提供了仕宦孔道和成長空間。河北藩鎮(zhèn)奉行"河朔故事"的地域主義政治文化傳統(tǒng),導(dǎo)致了河北文士任官本土化的傾向,又由河北尚武文化的浸染,本土文士具備了允文允武的個(gè)人素質(zhì),并在仕宦上呈現(xiàn)出文武合一的特征。河北文士因任官本地而能夠在仕進(jìn)和地方利益的經(jīng)營上相輔相成,從而形成了植根于地方社會的土著化勢力。同時(shí)因出仕所在藩鎮(zhèn)的下級幕職官以及管內(nèi)州縣低級攝官,河北新興文士具備了精于吏干的政治素質(zhì)。長慶元年(821)以降,河朔復(fù)叛,河北藩鎮(zhèn)獨(dú)立性增強(qiáng),外來士人更為不足,這使得處于藩鎮(zhèn)政權(quán)下級的地方新興文士能夠突破藩府下級、上級幕職官之間"天然"的身份"藩籬",成功進(jìn)身藩鎮(zhèn)高層,這預(yù)示著河北新興文士階層的興起。唐末五代初期,河北成為李克用、朱全忠兩大軍事集團(tuán)爭奪的焦點(diǎn)。晉唐政權(quán)在經(jīng)略河北的進(jìn)程中,有效吸納了河北地方文士,并予以重用。隨著梁唐易代的完成,河北地方文士從地方政權(quán)進(jìn)入了北方中央政權(quán),形成了后唐以降官僚群體中的"河北優(yōu)勢"。"河北優(yōu)勢"局面的形成與唐末河北藩鎮(zhèn)相對穩(wěn)定、安全的政治環(huán)境不無關(guān)系,而作為"河北優(yōu)勢"主體的河北新興文士在河北藩鎮(zhèn)之下長期積累并形成的精于吏干、允文允武的實(shí)干型政治素質(zhì),是他們在軍事化的五代政權(quán)中取得仕宦成功并形成"河北優(yōu)勢"的重要原因。綜而觀之,從開元天寶年間到五代初期,伴隨著河北政治環(huán)境的變化,河北地方社會也悄然發(fā)生了變遷,河北本土新興文士階層勢力不斷成長,從下級升至高層,又從"地方"走向"中央",他們在唐宋之際社會變遷以及政治精英身份轉(zhuǎn)型的進(jìn)程中,不無先行者的意味。
[Abstract]:Five Dynasties and the early Song Dynasty, Hebei region was the rise of civil and military officials in the north, the central government formed a special phenomenon of scholars known as the "Hebei advantage". This paper aims to explore the social roots of "advantages of Hebei formation, which examines the emperor to change the five generation of the two hundred years between Hebei local people and social change and the scribes, emerging class as" Hebei advantage "subject of the rise process were studied. The Kaiyuan Tianbao, by Jimi setting, settled the minority migration in Northeast, north of Hebei local society increasingly. Hu minority gradually integrate into the local society, and changed the constitution. In the local population besides Hu context, because the local gentry is" central ", caused by the Hebei local elite population structure changes, the local magistrate, because the official live local nobles, indigenous elites in religious and other basic social activities The move has played a leading role, which reflects the "central" era, and a social order situation of Hebei local social elite population. In this social change, Hebei emerging local scribes emerged, with a noble, emerging scholar Yan Zhuang represented plays a crucial role in the security Lu Shan led a rebellion and regime construction. After an Lushan Rebellion, Hebei entered the military governorship era. Local system provides the official channels and growth space to local emerging class. Hebei adhere to the "local scribes the story" regionalism political culture tradition, leads to the tendency of Hebei local officials and scholars, by the Hebei martial culture local scribes have disseminated, versed in literary and military arts personal qualities, and showed a characteristic in the military official. Hebei officials and local scribes because in official and local interests the operation of auxiliary Together, which is rooted in the local society of indigenous forces. At the same time due to the official military official and subordinate curtain tube county junior photo officer, Hebei officials have expertise in emerging scholars doing political quality. Changqing first year (821) in the Hebei Province, the complex revolt, enhance the independence of foreign scholars. Even less, which was in the lower place new regime to break through the imperial scribe junior, between the "superior natural scene official" identity "fence", successful on the local level, which indicates that the rise of Hebei emerging the scribe class. The late Tang and Five Dynasties period, Hebei became the focus of Zhu Quanzhong Li Keyong, the two major military for the group. The Jin Tang regime in the process of controlling Hebei, effectively absorb the Hebei local scribes, and be reused. With the easy generation of Liang Tang, Hebei local scholars entered the north central power from the local government, the formation of The later Tang Dynasty to the bureaucratic group in the "Hebei" advantage. "Forming advantages of Hebei and Hebei at the end of the Tang Dynasty situation relatively stable political environment, security relations, and as" Hebei advantage "the main body of the Hebei in Hebei Province under the new law and the formation of long-term accumulation in the official dry, hands-on political quality is versed in literary and military arts that is the five generation of their military regime made official successful and important reason for the formation of" Hebei ". The concept of comprehensive, from the beginning to the five generation Kaiyuan Tianbao, accompanied by changes in the political situation in Hebei, the local community in Hebei is also quietly changing, Hebei local emerging forces continue to grow the scribe class, from lower to rise to the top, and from the" local "to the" central ", they are in the Tang and Song Dynasties changes of society and political elite identity transformation process, is the forerunner of the meaning.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K242

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