在線裝箱問題相關近似算法研究
[Abstract]:As one of the most basic and primitive problems in the field of computer science and technology, the study of the packing problem has been going on for more than 40 years, and many key results have emerged one after another. Some important theories belonging to computer science and combinatorial optimization all originate from the study of packing problem, so the research on packing problem is of great significance. In addition, the packing problem is widely used in real life. Whether it is multiprocessor task scheduling, load balancing, cutting storage and truck loading in the field of industrial manufacturing, it is a concrete example of packing problem. In recent years, the online packing problem based on restricted space and the online packing problem with suggestions have become two research hotspots in online packing problem. The best result of the two-dimensional online packing problem with only two open boxes is that the approximation is 3.8 proposed by Januszewski, while the best result of the proposed one-dimensional online packing problem is by far the algorithm proposed by Boyar et al. The approximation is 4 / 3. This paper mainly aims at these two results to carry on the improvement and the corresponding expansion research separately, the concrete work is as follows: 1. For the problem of square online packing with only two boxes open, based on the idea of dividing blocks in boxes proposed by Januszewski, a new type of block is included by continuing to divide mixed boxes with enlarged objects. In order to achieve the purpose of increasing the occupancy rate of blocks divided in simple boxes with only small objects, the method of mixing some small objects with large objects into complex boxes is adopted to make up for the free space of the mixed boxes. As a result, the occupancy rate of both types of open boxes is increased. Through analysis, the approximate degree of the square online packing algorithm with only two boxes is 3.63556.2. The idea of square block partition is extended to the problem of cubes online packing and super cube online packing with only two boxes, and the techniques of block partitioning in different dimensions are used. A cube online packing algorithm with an approximate degree of 5.43 and a super cube online packing algorithm with an approximate degree of 32 / 21.2 d are proposed, respectively. These two results are the first results of this kind of problem. 3. 3. For the online packing problem with suggestions, this paper presents the corresponding combination object types by refining the classification of objects, increasing the types of assembly of objects, and setting the minimum number of suggested bits. Finally, the approximate algorithm for one dimensional online packing problem with suggestions is improved to 5 / 4. For the problem of the least number of bits to be used, by constructing a class of special coming object sequences, this paper analyzes that the least required number of suggested bits is (n-3OPT) log OPT) to achieve the optimal packing effect. 4. In this paper, the corresponding idea is extended to the two dimensional online packing problem with suggestions, and a square online packing algorithm with approximate degree 2 and a rotating rectangle online packing algorithm with an approximate degree of 2.25 are proposed, respectively. These two results are not only the first study of this kind of problem, but also better than that of the best one without suggestion. In this paper, we study the parallelization of two-dimensional square online packing, propose a SIMD model, and analyze that the parallel packing algorithm based on this model has an approximate degree of 9 / 4 and a time complexity of 胃 (n).
【學位授予單位】:北京交通大學
【學位級別】:博士
【學位授予年份】:2016
【分類號】:TP301.6
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