本文選題：資源分配 + 價(jià)格比例��； 參考：《北京郵電大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、尤其是移動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的普及,使得用戶(hù)規(guī)模和應(yīng)用種類(lèi)急劇增加。在這種用戶(hù)規(guī)模巨大以及衍生的高度動(dòng)態(tài)情況下,傳統(tǒng)服務(wù)平臺(tái)無(wú)法滿(mǎn)足用戶(hù)的服務(wù)質(zhì)量需求。這促使了云計(jì)算的出現(xiàn)和發(fā)展。云計(jì)算的高可靠性、高可用性以及彈性特點(diǎn)不僅保證了大規(guī)模用戶(hù)的高質(zhì)量服務(wù),還降低了提供商的成本。另外,通過(guò)采用按需付費(fèi)的方式,云計(jì)算降低了用戶(hù)的成本。鑒于云計(jì)算的優(yōu)勢(shì),科研機(jī)構(gòu)和企業(yè)采用云計(jì)算技術(shù)改造現(xiàn)有的平臺(tái)或應(yīng)用。然而,云平臺(tái)的資源分配問(wèn)題是當(dāng)前亟待解決的一個(gè)難題。不合理的資源分配方式不僅使得資源利用率低下,有時(shí)甚至難以滿(mǎn)足應(yīng)用的動(dòng)態(tài)資源需求。已有的資源分配算法從系統(tǒng)或整體的角度最優(yōu)化分配云計(jì)算資源。然而,云計(jì)算是一種基于效用的商業(yè)計(jì)算模式,提供商和用戶(hù)之間及內(nèi)部存在著復(fù)雜的競(jìng)爭(zhēng),提供商和用戶(hù)根據(jù)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)情況擁有各自的供給和需求策略。因此,基于博弈論的資源分配算法能夠深入研究提供商和用戶(hù)的策略,更加適合分析云計(jì)算資源的分配問(wèn)題。雖然已有研究人員基于博弈論研究云計(jì)算資源分配問(wèn)題,仍然存在著諸多挑戰(zhàn)。需要一個(gè)不受用戶(hù)數(shù)量限制的快速高效、可擴(kuò)展的云計(jì)算資源分配算法；大規(guī)模的用戶(hù)具有迥異的特征,使用多約束條件等方式無(wú)法準(zhǔn)確描述用戶(hù)的不同需求；大規(guī)模用戶(hù)的隨機(jī)加入和退出導(dǎo)致云環(huán)境高度動(dòng)態(tài)變化,通過(guò)反復(fù)協(xié)商機(jī)制研究提供商和用戶(hù)的均衡狀態(tài)不可行；針對(duì)相互關(guān)聯(lián)的復(fù)雜云服務(wù),需要一個(gè)有效的服務(wù)部署策略。針對(duì)上述的局限性,本文基于博弈論研究了云計(jì)算資源的分配和服務(wù)的部署問(wèn)題。主要包括：1.基于荷蘭式拍賣(mài)的虛擬機(jī)分配算法。為了快速高效的分配虛擬機(jī)資源,提出了多實(shí)例荷蘭式拍賣(mài)算法。該算法的拍賣(mài)時(shí)間與用戶(hù)數(shù)量和虛擬機(jī)類(lèi)型數(shù)目無(wú)關(guān),更加適用于大規(guī)模的云計(jì)算虛擬機(jī)分配。另外,該算法中各個(gè)類(lèi)型的虛擬機(jī)降價(jià)策略互不相干,使得該機(jī)制有著很好的可擴(kuò)展性,易于分布式實(shí)現(xiàn)。提供商能夠根據(jù)保留價(jià)格等因素決定拍賣(mài)的終止時(shí)間,實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)總收益或自己收入的最大化。2.基于價(jià)格比例的計(jì)算型資源分配算法。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)CPU、內(nèi)存等可分割資源的有效分配,我們采用基于SLA的效用函數(shù)描述不同經(jīng)濟(jì)能力用戶(hù)申請(qǐng)的不同等級(jí)服務(wù),并利用價(jià)格比例方法分配資源。這樣,不僅實(shí)現(xiàn)了價(jià)值高的服務(wù)獲得更多資源的價(jià)高者得方式的有效性,還保證了每個(gè)競(jìng)價(jià)者為單位資源支付相同的價(jià)格,保障了公平性。進(jìn)一步的,考慮不同的使用場(chǎng)景,基于此算法提供了2種云資源分配機(jī)制。3.基于貪婪拍賣(mài)的帶寬資源分配算法。分析傳統(tǒng)的中心式和分布式網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源分配機(jī)制的不足,基于貪婪拍賣(mài)提出了適用于任何需求類(lèi)型(彈性、實(shí)時(shí)、階梯式等)場(chǎng)景的多競(jìng)價(jià)貪婪拍賣(mài)機(jī)制,彌補(bǔ)了中心式和分布式機(jī)制的缺陷,適用于云計(jì)算網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源分配。進(jìn)一步的,考慮實(shí)際情況中用戶(hù)需求類(lèi)型基本為彈性需求的特點(diǎn),提出了具有更少競(jìng)價(jià)通信消耗的多維度競(jìng)價(jià)貪婪拍賣(mài)機(jī)制。4.基于擁塞博弈的服務(wù)部署算法�？紤]基于云的服務(wù)復(fù)雜且相互關(guān)聯(lián)的特性,將云計(jì)算的服務(wù)部署問(wèn)題轉(zhuǎn)化為擁塞博弈問(wèn)題。綜合考慮服務(wù)的效率和成本,基于擁塞博弈模型實(shí)現(xiàn)云計(jì)算服務(wù)的優(yōu)化部署。為了驗(yàn)證上述資源分配以及服務(wù)部署算法的有效性,本論文從分別從理論和實(shí)驗(yàn)的角度進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明本文提出的資源分配以及服務(wù)部署算法具有很好的性能,能夠快速高效的分配云計(jì)算資源,適用于大規(guī)模、高度動(dòng)態(tài)、復(fù)雜的云環(huán)境中。
[Abstract]:The popularity of the Internet, especially the mobile Internet, has led to a sharp increase in the size and application of the user. In the large and highly dynamic conditions of the user, the traditional service platform is unable to meet the user's quality of service. This has prompted the emergence and development of cloud computing. The high reliability, high availability and bomb of the cloud computing. The characteristics not only guarantee high quality services for large users, but also reduce the cost of providers. In addition, cloud computing reduces the cost of users by paying on demand. In view of the advantages of cloud computing, research institutions and enterprises transform the existing platforms or applications by using cloud computing technology. However, the problem of resource allocation in cloud platforms. It is a difficult problem to be solved at present. The irrational allocation of resources not only makes the utilization of resources low, but sometimes even hard to meet the dynamic resource requirements of the application. The existing resource allocation algorithm optimally distributies cloud computing resources from the perspective of the system or the whole. However, the cloud computing is a utility based business computing model. There is a complex competition between providers and users. Providers and users have their own supply and demand strategies based on competition. Therefore, the game theory based resource allocation algorithm is able to study the strategy of providers and users, and is more suitable for the analysis of the distribution of cloud computing resources. There are still many challenges in the study of the distribution of cloud computing resources by game theory. It needs a fast, efficient and scalable algorithm of cloud computing resource allocation without the limit of the number of users; large users have different characteristics and can not accurately describe the different needs of the users by using multi constraint conditions. It is infeasible to study the equilibrium state of the providers and users through repeated negotiation mechanism, and it is not feasible to study the equilibrium state of the providers and users through repeated negotiation mechanism. For the interrelated complex cloud services, an effective service deployment strategy is needed. Based on the above limitations, this paper studies the Division of cloud computing resources allocation and service based on game theory. The main issues include: 1. virtual machine allocation algorithm based on Holland auction. In order to quickly and efficiently allocate virtual machine resources, a multi instance Holland auction algorithm is proposed. The auction time is independent of the number of users and the number of virtual machines, and it is more suitable for the large-scale cloud computing virtual machine allocation. In addition, the algorithm is used in the algorithm. Each type of virtual machine reduction strategy is not coherent, making the mechanism well extensible and easy to distribute. The provider can determine the termination time of the auction according to the factors such as the reservation price and realize the total social income or the maximum.2. based on the price ratio based computing resource allocation algorithm. In order to realize the CPU We use the utility function based on SLA to describe different levels of service with different economic capabilities and use the price ratio method to allocate resources. Unit resources pay the same price, ensuring fairness. Further, considering different usage scenarios, based on this algorithm, 2 kinds of cloud resource allocation mechanism.3. based on the greedy auction based bandwidth allocation algorithm are provided. The shortcomings of the traditional central and distributed network resource allocation system are analyzed, based on the greedy auction, the application of the algorithm is proposed. The multi bidding greedy auction mechanism of any demand type (elastic, real-time, staircase, etc.) makes up for the defects of the central and distributed mechanism, and is suitable for the allocation of cloud computing network resources. Further, considering the characteristics of the user demand type in the actual situation is basically elastic demand, the multidimensional consumption of less competitive communication is proposed. .4. based on congestion game based service deployment algorithm. Considering the complex and interrelated characteristics of cloud based services, the service deployment problem of cloud computing is transformed into a congestion game problem. The efficiency and cost of services are considered, and the optimal deployment of cloud computing service based on congestion game model is presented. The effectiveness of resource allocation and service deployment algorithm is discussed. This paper is analyzed from the theoretical and experimental points of view. The results show that the resource allocation and service deployment algorithm proposed in this paper have good performance, and can quickly and efficiently allocate cloud computing resources. It is suitable for large-scale, highly dynamic and complex cloud environments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP393.09

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本文編號(hào)：2094838