本文關(guān)鍵詞：星上SAR實(shí)時(shí)成像處理關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究　出處：《北京理工大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 星載SAR 星上實(shí)時(shí)處理 FPGA CS因子 矩陣轉(zhuǎn)置 CORDIC算法

【摘要】：隨著星載SAR成像技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步和應(yīng)用需求的增加,在星上完成SAR實(shí)時(shí)成像處理已成為一種發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。星載SAR成像算法復(fù)雜、處理量大,在星上環(huán)境對(duì)系統(tǒng)體積、重量、功耗的嚴(yán)格約束下,星上SAR處理系統(tǒng)的實(shí)時(shí)性難以保證。為了在單片F(xiàn)PGA上實(shí)現(xiàn)星載SAR成像所有處理流程,構(gòu)建星上SAR實(shí)時(shí)成像處理系統(tǒng),本文重點(diǎn)研究了星載SAR成像算法的實(shí)時(shí)性優(yōu)化、SAR成像處理矩陣轉(zhuǎn)置存儲(chǔ)方法以及星載SAR成像算法中的多種超越函數(shù)的實(shí)現(xiàn)。論文主要工作及創(chuàng)新成果如下:1.對(duì)星載SAR成像算法、星上SAR實(shí)時(shí)成像核心處理器和系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)進(jìn)行研究。選擇了以FPGA為核心處理器實(shí)現(xiàn)CS成像算法作為構(gòu)建星上SAR實(shí)時(shí)成像處理系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)途徑,提出了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、模塊化、可擴(kuò)展的星上SAR實(shí)時(shí)成像處理系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)。2.針對(duì)星載SAR成像算法在FPGA實(shí)現(xiàn)中遇到的運(yùn)算量大、實(shí)時(shí)性不足等問(wèn)題,對(duì)多普勒參數(shù)估計(jì)方法進(jìn)行選擇和優(yōu)化,研究了相位補(bǔ)償因子對(duì)成像精度和實(shí)時(shí)性的影響,提出了一種補(bǔ)償因子區(qū)域不變的CS成像算法。該方法在保證星載SAR算法成像質(zhì)量的前提下,能夠有效減小補(bǔ)償因子的計(jì)算量,提高SAR成像算法處理效率。3.針對(duì)SAR成像處理過(guò)程中轉(zhuǎn)置存儲(chǔ)器的數(shù)據(jù)訪問(wèn)效率過(guò)低的問(wèn)題,對(duì)SAR成像處理矩陣轉(zhuǎn)置存儲(chǔ)方法進(jìn)行研究,提出了矩陣分塊三維映射法和矩陣分塊交叉映射法。這兩種轉(zhuǎn)置存儲(chǔ)方法充分利用了轉(zhuǎn)置存儲(chǔ)器的數(shù)據(jù)訪問(wèn)時(shí)序特性,能夠有效提高SAR成像處理過(guò)程中轉(zhuǎn)置存儲(chǔ)器的數(shù)據(jù)訪問(wèn)效率,提高SAR成像處理實(shí)時(shí)性。4.針對(duì)星載SAR成像算法中多種超越運(yùn)算的FPGA實(shí)現(xiàn)占用資源過(guò)大的問(wèn)題,對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)正余弦、反正切函數(shù)的傳統(tǒng)CORDIC算法進(jìn)行了角度覆蓋范圍、硬件資源、運(yùn)算精度等方面的優(yōu)化和改進(jìn),同時(shí)對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)反正余弦函數(shù)的雙迭代結(jié)構(gòu)的CORDIC算法進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),解決了原算法計(jì)算結(jié)果超出反正余弦函數(shù)值域的問(wèn)題,進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)了一種多模式CORDIC算法,能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)正余弦函數(shù)和反正余弦函數(shù)運(yùn)算的實(shí)時(shí)切換,在正余弦、反正余弦函數(shù)都需要的算法實(shí)現(xiàn)中能夠有效減少硬件資源占用。5.本文最后結(jié)合各章節(jié)研究?jī)?nèi)容,在單片F(xiàn)PGA上實(shí)現(xiàn)了星載SAR成像算法所有處理流程,進(jìn)而構(gòu)建了星上SAR實(shí)時(shí)成像處理系統(tǒng)原理樣機(jī),為實(shí)現(xiàn)星上SAR實(shí)時(shí)成像處理奠定了技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:With the continuous progress of satellite borne SAR imaging technology and the increase of application demand, it has become a development trend to complete SAR real-time imaging processing on the star. The spaceborne SAR imaging algorithm is complex and has a large amount of processing. Under the strict constraint of the volume, weight and power consumption of the satellite environment, the real-time performance of the SAR processing system on the satellite is difficult to guarantee. In order to realize on a single FPGA for Spaceborne SAR imaging of all processes, construction of spaceborne SAR real-time image processing system, this paper focuses on the realization of a variety of spaceborne SAR imaging algorithm, the real-time optimization of SAR imaging matrix transpose storage method and spaceborne SAR imaging algorithm of transcendental function. The main work and innovative results of this paper are as follows: 1. the research on the satellite borne SAR imaging algorithm, the core SAR real-time imaging core processor and the system architecture are carried out. The CS imaging algorithm based on FPGA as the core processor is chosen as the technical way to build real-time SAR imaging processing system. A standardized, modular and scalable SAR real-time imaging processing system architecture is proposed. Computation of 2. for Spaceborne SAR imaging algorithms encountered in the implementation of FPGA, the problem of real-time, the estimation of Doppler parameters selection and optimization method, studied the effect of phase compensation factor to the imaging accuracy and real-time, proposes a compensation factor invariant CS imaging algorithm. This method can effectively reduce the computation of compensation factor and improve the processing efficiency of SAR imaging algorithm on the premise of guaranteeing the imaging quality of the spaceborne SAR algorithm. 3., in view of the low efficiency of data access in transposed memory in the process of SAR image processing, we studied the matrix transposition storage method of SAR imaging processing, and proposed the matrix block three dimensional mapping method and the matrix block cross mapping method. The two transposition storage methods make full use of the data access timing characteristics of the transposed memory, which can effectively improve the data access efficiency of the transposed memory in the process of SAR imaging, and improve the real-time performance of SAR imaging. 4. for a variety of operations beyond the spaceborne FPGA SAR imaging algorithm to achieve resource is too large, the traditional CORDIC algorithm to realize the sine cosine and arctangent function is optimized and improved angle of coverage, hardware resources, operation accuracy, and implementation of the CORDIC double iterative algorithm of structure of sine and cosine functions the improved algorithm solves the original results beyond the range anyway cosine function, and implements a multi mode CORDIC algorithm can realize sine cosine function and cosine function anyway real-time switch operation, in the realization of sine and cosine, anyway, cosine function needs algorithm to reduce the hardware resource occupied. 5., finally, combined with the research contents of each chapter, we implemented all processing flow of spaceborne SAR imaging algorithm on single chip FPGA, and constructed the prototype of SAR real-time imaging processing system, which laid the technical foundation for real-time SAR imaging processing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TN957.52

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張召才;;國(guó)外商用現(xiàn)貨技術(shù)在空間任務(wù)中的發(fā)展與應(yīng)用[J];衛(wèi)星應(yīng)用;2015年01期

2 閆雯;陳禾;謝宜壯;劉小寧;;一種補(bǔ)償因子區(qū)域不變的CS成像算法[J];北京理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2014年03期

3 邊明明;李盛林;岳榮剛;;星載SAR在軌成像實(shí)時(shí)處理算法研究[J];航天器工程;2013年06期

4 王峰;郭金生;李暉;;商用現(xiàn)貨器件在衛(wèi)星中的應(yīng)用[J];航天器工程;2013年04期

5 胡海鳳;趙建平;吳冬梅;路娜;秦永益;;基于FPGA的反余弦函數(shù)的實(shí)現(xiàn)[J];電子技術(shù);2013年06期

6 鮑勝榮;周海斌;;SAR實(shí)時(shí)成像高效矩陣轉(zhuǎn)置研究和實(shí)現(xiàn)[J];現(xiàn)代雷達(dá);2013年03期

7 肖靖;胡學(xué)成;章宏;陳知明;;基于最小熵的斜視SAR多普勒調(diào)頻率估計(jì)[J];現(xiàn)代雷達(dá);2013年01期

8 邊明明;畢福昆;汪精華;;實(shí)時(shí)SAR成像系統(tǒng)矩陣轉(zhuǎn)置方法研究與實(shí)現(xiàn)[J];計(jì)算機(jī)工程與應(yīng)用;2011年22期

9 高許崗;蘇衛(wèi)民;顧紅;;一種基于最小熵準(zhǔn)則的新的自聚焦優(yōu)化算法[J];兵工學(xué)報(bào);2010年12期

10 謝宜壯;朱柏承;汪精華;;星載SAR實(shí)時(shí)成像處理系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)[J];兵工學(xué)報(bào);2010年S2期

，

本文編號(hào)：1341244