本文選題：雙面織物 + 防輻射性能��； 參考：《武漢紡織大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：通過化學(xué)整理方法對(duì)織物進(jìn)行功能開發(fā)由于其不環(huán)保和對(duì)健康的危害越來越受到人們的質(zhì)疑,使得通過改變織物的結(jié)構(gòu)來拓展面料功能成為當(dāng)前研究熱點(diǎn)。本論文首次將機(jī)織結(jié)構(gòu)和針織結(jié)構(gòu)相結(jié)合新型異面織物的織造技術(shù)應(yīng)用在防輻射面料的織造中,開發(fā)出純物理結(jié)構(gòu)的抗輻射服用性能優(yōu)異的面料。在團(tuán)隊(duì)研發(fā)的半自動(dòng)針機(jī)織復(fù)合小樣機(jī)上使用傳統(tǒng)的紗線(如由羊毛,丙烯酸纖維混紡的紗線)以及防輻射紗線(主要含棉、滌綸和不銹鋼微絲)來織造機(jī)織物、和雙面織物,使用普通針織機(jī)織造針織物。再系統(tǒng)測(cè)試分析所得面料的厚度、面密度,單位面積克重、透氣性、拉伸斷裂性能、耐磨性、透汽性以及防輻射性能。探討織物結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)防輻射織物效能的影響,比較不同原料雙面防輻射織物防護(hù)性能效果,以及兩層面料層合方式對(duì)防護(hù)效果的影響。此外,還具體介紹了半自動(dòng)針機(jī)織復(fù)合小樣機(jī)的復(fù)合方式以及雙面織物制備的流程。觀察織造的雙面織物發(fā)現(xiàn)其具有獨(dú)特的外觀和性能。它的一個(gè)面顯示針織線圈結(jié)構(gòu),另外一個(gè)面顯示機(jī)織平紋結(jié)構(gòu)。在拉伸試驗(yàn)中,雙面織物的拉伸斷裂性能略高于針織物和機(jī)織物,且兩種雙面織物的拉伸斷裂性能相似,也正是由于雙面織物獨(dú)特的組織結(jié)構(gòu),其表現(xiàn)出獨(dú)特的拉伸斷裂現(xiàn)象:當(dāng)機(jī)織結(jié)構(gòu)被破壞后,另一個(gè)面的針織結(jié)構(gòu)還未被破壞,隨著拉伸運(yùn)動(dòng)的繼續(xù)進(jìn)行針織結(jié)構(gòu)才遭到破壞。同時(shí)雙面織物的面密度、單位面積克重以及厚度有所增加,透氣性能降低。在耐磨性實(shí)驗(yàn)中我們發(fā)現(xiàn)雙面織物具有獨(dú)特的耐磨性,同樣是因?yàn)獒樋椊Y(jié)構(gòu)和機(jī)織結(jié)構(gòu)的結(jié)合且分布于織物的兩面,在摩擦過程中,織物其中一面的結(jié)構(gòu)被破壞后,另外一面的結(jié)構(gòu)才會(huì)遭到破壞。在織物的透汽性實(shí)驗(yàn)中我們發(fā)現(xiàn)雙面織物的透汽性相較于針織結(jié)構(gòu)織物和機(jī)織結(jié)構(gòu)織物降低了很多。因?yàn)殡S著織物單位面積克重、面密度以及厚度的增加,織物經(jīng)緯紗間的縫隙減小,水分子通過織物的阻力變大,從而降低了織物的透汽性。兩種雙面織物的透汽性相似。在電磁屏蔽防護(hù)實(shí)驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn)雙面織物的防護(hù)性能遠(yuǎn)高于針織物和機(jī)織物,即使是改變雙面織物的針織結(jié)構(gòu)用紗,以羊毛混紡紗代替防輻射紗線,其防護(hù)性能仍然高于針織物和機(jī)織物。另外,將織物進(jìn)行層合后,防輻射性能大有提高,且層合方式的不同也會(huì)對(duì)其效果產(chǎn)生影響,45°異向?qū)雍媳?°同向?qū)雍戏垒椛湫Ч�。綜上所述,用防輻射紗線織造的雙面織物擁有最好的防護(hù)效果,將其針織結(jié)構(gòu)用紗替換成羊毛混紡紗線后防護(hù)效果略有下降,但仍高于一般針織物、機(jī)織物。同種織物層合后的防護(hù)效果增加,且在45°層合時(shí)防護(hù)效果達(dá)到最優(yōu)。兩種雙面織物的面密度、厚度、單位面積克重、耐磨性以及拉伸斷裂性能均有增加,透氣性、以及透汽性性能降低,兩種雙面防輻射織物的這些性能差別不大。
[Abstract]:The function development of fabric by chemical finishing is more and more questioned because of its environmental protection and health hazard, which makes it a hot topic to develop fabric function by changing fabric structure. In this paper, the weaving technology of a new type of dissimilar fabric is first applied to the weaving of radiation resistant fabrics with the combination of woven structure and knitting structure, and a pure physical structure fabric with excellent anti-radiation wear performance is developed. In the semi-automatic needle loom machine developed by the team, traditional yarns (such as yarns blended with wool and acrylic fiber) and radiation-proof yarns (mainly containing cotton, polyester and stainless steel microfilaments) are used for weaving woven fabrics and double-sided fabrics. Weaving knitted fabrics using ordinary knitting machines. The thickness, surface density, gram weight per unit area, air permeability, tensile fracture property, wear resistance, vapor permeability and radiation resistance of the fabric were systematically tested and analyzed. This paper discusses the effect of fabric structure on the efficiency of radiation proof fabric, compares the protective effect of two sides radiation resistant fabric with different raw materials, and the effect of two layers of fabric lamination on the protective effect. In addition, the paper also introduces the blending mode of semi-automatic needle knitting machine and the process of double-sided fabric preparation. Observation of the double-sided fabric shows that it has unique appearance and properties. One surface shows the knitting coil structure and the other shows the woven flat structure. In the tensile test, the tensile fracture properties of double-sided fabrics are slightly higher than those of knitted fabrics and woven fabrics, and the tensile fracture properties of the two kinds of double-sided fabrics are similar, which is also due to the unique structure of double-sided fabrics. It shows a unique tensile fracture phenomenon: when the woven structure is destroyed, the knitted structure on the other side has not been destroyed, but only with the extension of the knitting structure. At the same time, the surface density, gram weight per unit area and thickness of the double-sided fabric are increased and the air permeability is decreased. In the wear resistance experiment, we found that the double-sided fabric has unique wear resistance, also because the knitted structure and the woven structure are combined and distributed on both sides of the fabric. During the friction process, the structure of one side of the fabric is destroyed. The other side of the structure will be destroyed. It is found that the vapor permeability of double-sided fabric is much lower than that of knitted fabric and woven fabric. With the increase of unit area weight, surface density and thickness, the gap between warp and weft yarns decreases, and the resistance of water molecules through the fabric increases, thus reducing the moisture permeability of the fabric. The vapor permeability of both fabrics is similar. In the experiment of electromagnetic shielding protection, it is found that the protective performance of double-sided fabric is much higher than that of knitted fabric and woven fabric, even if the yarn used to change the knitted structure of double-sided fabric is replaced by wool blended yarn instead of radiation-proof yarn, Its protective performance is still higher than that of knitted fabrics and woven fabrics. In addition, when the fabric is laminated, the radiation resistance of the fabric is greatly improved, and the effect of the different lamination modes will also be affected by the 45 擄isotropic lamination, which is better than the 0 擄co-laminated anti-radiation effect. To sum up, the double-sided fabric woven with radiation-proof yarn has the best protective effect. The protective effect of the knitted structure is slightly decreased after replacing the yarn with wool blended yarn, but still higher than that of the ordinary knitted fabric and woven fabric. The protective effect of the same fabric is increased after lamination, and the optimum protective effect is achieved at 45 擄lamination. The surface density, thickness, gram weight per unit area, wear resistance and tensile fracture properties of the two kinds of double-sided fabrics are all increased, but the permeability and vapor permeability of the two kinds of fabrics are decreased, but the difference of these properties between the two kinds of double-sided radiation-proof fabrics is not significant.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢紡織大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TS186

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本文編號(hào)：1935797