本文選題：空冷型PEMFC + 啟停策略��； 參考：《西南交通大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池(Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell)是一種新型的電化學發(fā)電裝置,打破了傳統(tǒng)的發(fā)電模式。它利用固體電解質(zhì),以氫氣作為燃料,以空氣為氧化劑,通過氫氧化合作用直接將化學能轉(zhuǎn)化為優(yōu)質(zhì)的電能。質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池由于具有穩(wěn)定性好、響應速度快、功率密度高、運行溫度低等優(yōu)點,在新能源車輛、便攜式移動電源、分布式電站等領域具有非常廣闊的應用前景。本文以自己搭建的空冷型質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池實驗平臺為基礎,研究了啟停控制策略對電堆性能的影響。主要研究成果如下:(1)為了降低燃料電池啟動時形成的高電壓和縮短高電壓維持的時間,我們通過實驗研究對比分析了常規(guī)啟動、聯(lián)合最低單片電壓啟動和減小氫氣進氣壓力啟動對PEMFC的影響,提出了一種新的PEMFC啟動策略。該策略是減小電堆啟動時氫氣進氣壓力,當電堆最小單片電壓值大于0.3V后立即切入啟動負載。結(jié)果表明,該策略不僅可以明顯降低電堆啟動時最大單片電壓值,而且縮短了高電壓維持的時間,這必然有利于延長電堆壽命和提高電堆耐久性,是一種十分有效的PEMFC啟動控制策略。(2)質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池停機過程中引起性能衰減的根本原因是陽極側(cè)殘留有氫氣。為了滿足快速消除電堆內(nèi)殘留的氫氣,本文提出了利用空冷電堆的風扇對電堆放電和使用輔助負載對電堆中各個單電池單獨放電的停機控制策略。通過實驗研究對比了直接停機、利用輔助負載整體放電和利用輔助負載對各個單電池單獨放電三種停機方式對PEMFC的影響。結(jié)果表明,利用輔助負載對各個單電池單獨放電的停機策略不僅能縮短燃料電池停機后各個單電池維持在高電位的時間,同時也能防止PEMFC停機放電過程中單電池反極現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生,是一種十分有效的質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池停機策略。(3)為了快速消除電堆內(nèi)殘留的氫氣,本文又通過實驗研究對比分析了直接停機、利用輔助負載停機和氮氣吹掃停機三種不同的停機方式對PEMFC的影響,并提出了聯(lián)合輔助負載和氮氣吹掃的停機策略。結(jié)果表明,該停機策略不僅減短了電堆維持開路高電壓的時間,而且避免了燃料電池在啟停機過程中氫空界面的形成,這必然有利于延長電堆壽命和提高電堆耐久性,是一種十分有效的燃料電池系統(tǒng)停機控制策略。
[Abstract]:Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel cell (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel cell) is a new type of electrochemical power generation device, which breaks the traditional power generation mode. It uses solid electrolyte, hydrogen as fuel, air as oxidant, and directly converts chemical energy into high quality electric energy by hydrogen oxidation. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) have many advantages such as good stability, high response speed, high power density and low operating temperature, so they have a wide application prospect in the fields of new energy vehicles, portable mobile power sources, distributed power stations and so on. Based on the experimental platform of air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), the effect of startup and stop control strategy on the performance of PEMFC is studied in this paper. The main research results are as follows: (1) in order to reduce the high voltage formed during the fuel cell start-up and shorten the duration of the high voltage maintenance, we have compared and analyzed the conventional start-up through experimental research. A new PEMFC startup strategy is proposed by combining the effects of minimum monolithic voltage startup and reducing hydrogen intake pressure startup on PEMFC. The strategy is to reduce the inlet pressure of hydrogen when the stack is started, and cut into the start-up load immediately when the minimum single chip voltage of the stack is greater than 0.3 V. The results show that the strategy can not only obviously reduce the maximum single chip voltage value at the start of the stack, but also shorten the time of high voltage maintenance, which is bound to prolong the stack life and improve the stack durability. Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is a very effective PEMFC startup control strategy. The fundamental cause of the performance decay during the shutdown of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is the presence of hydrogen on the anode side. In order to rapidly eliminate the residual hydrogen gas in the stack, a shutdown control strategy is proposed in this paper, which uses the fan of the air-cooled stack to discharge electricity and the auxiliary load to separate discharge of each single cell in the stack. The effects of direct shutdown, total discharge of auxiliary load and individual discharge of each single cell on PEMFC were studied and compared. The results show that the strategy of using auxiliary load to discharge each single cell can not only shorten the time of each single cell remaining at high potential after the fuel cell is shut down. At the same time, it can also prevent the phenomenon of single cell reverse during PEMFC shutdown discharge. It is a very effective proton exchange membrane fuel cell shutdown strategy. In this paper, the effects of direct shutdown, auxiliary load shutdown and nitrogen blowing downtime on PEMFC are compared and analyzed, and the strategy of combined auxiliary load and nitrogen purging is put forward in this paper. The results show that the shutdown strategy not only reduces the time of maintaining open circuit high voltage, but also avoids the formation of hydrogen air interface during the start-up and shutdown of fuel cell, which is bound to prolong the stack life and improve the stack durability. It is a very effective control strategy for fuel cell system shutdown.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM911.4

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 彭躍進;彭峗;李倫;劉志祥;陳維榮;;質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池電源系統(tǒng)停機特性及控制策略[J];化工學報;2015年03期

2 何建坤;;中國能源革命與低碳發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略選擇[J];武漢大學學報(哲學社會科學版);2015年01期

3 王偉;黃珂;;電能替代戰(zhàn)略:機遇、挑戰(zhàn)與政策選擇[J];華北電力大學學報(社會科學版);2014年04期

4 張玉卓;;中國清潔能源的戰(zhàn)略研究及發(fā)展對策[J];中國科學院院刊;2014年04期

5 費智;;國際新能源發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及展望[J];上海電力學院學報;2014年01期

6 游志宇;陳維榮;李奇;戴朝華;陶詩涌;;多相峰值電流控制的燃料電池通信電源設計[J];電源技術;2013年11期

7 張浩;楊代軍;李冰;錢錚;馬建新;;國產(chǎn)質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池電堆研究[J];太陽能學報;2012年07期

8 余意;潘牧;;質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池啟停控制策略研究進展[J];化工進展;2010年10期

9 姜志玲;陳維榮;游志宇;郭愛;;用于燃料電池的前級DC/DC變換器[J];電力電子技術;2010年06期

10 孫靖圻;趙國華;;開發(fā)新能源叉車勢在必行[J];叉車技術;2010年02期

，

本文編號：1819548