本文選題：雙子表面活性劑 + 有機(jī)硅　； 參考：《陜西科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：有機(jī)硅雙子表面活性劑兼具了有機(jī)硅表面活性劑潤(rùn)濕鋪展性好、乳化穩(wěn)定性好、生理毒性低和雙子表面活性劑臨界膠束濃度低、表面活性高的特點(diǎn)近年來(lái)備受關(guān)注。本課題以聚乙二醇二縮水甘油醚和羥基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷為主要原料合成環(huán)氧基聚醚改性硅氧烷,再與N,N-二甲基長(zhǎng)鏈烷基胺進(jìn)行季銨化反應(yīng),制備6種不同疏水鏈長(zhǎng)度的季銨鹽有機(jī)硅雙子表面活性劑C_m-PSi_(15)-C_m(m=8、10、12、14、16、18)和5種不同聯(lián)結(jié)基長(zhǎng)度的季銨鹽有機(jī)硅雙子表面活性劑C_(12)-PSi_x-C_(12)(x=0、15、30、100、800)。采用單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)優(yōu)化了合成工藝,并研究了表面活性劑的性能及其在制革中的應(yīng)用。通過(guò)對(duì)6種不同疏水鏈長(zhǎng)的季銨鹽有機(jī)硅雙子表面活性劑的物化性能和抗菌性能進(jìn)行研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著C_m-PSi_(15)-C_m疏水鏈長(zhǎng)度的增加,其表面活性、潤(rùn)濕性、乳化穩(wěn)定性、起泡性等物化性能以及抗菌性能均先增強(qiáng)后減弱。對(duì)其熱力學(xué)性質(zhì)進(jìn)行研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著C_m-PSi_(15)-C_m疏水鏈長(zhǎng)度的增加,膠束化驅(qū)動(dòng)力的轉(zhuǎn)變過(guò)程為焓驅(qū)動(dòng)—熵驅(qū)動(dòng)—焓驅(qū)動(dòng)。對(duì)C_8-PSi_(15)-C_8和C_(12)-PSi_(15)-C_(12)的膠束聚集數(shù)進(jìn)行測(cè)定,發(fā)現(xiàn)相同濃度下C_(12)-PSi_(15)-C_(12)的膠束聚集數(shù)遠(yuǎn)大于C_8-PSi_(15)-C_8。隨著濃度的增加,C_(12)-PSi_(15)-C_(12)在水溶液中的聚集形態(tài)為膠束—球形囊泡—棒狀囊泡—啞鈴狀囊泡—囊泡串。通過(guò)對(duì)5種不同聯(lián)結(jié)基長(zhǎng)度的季銨鹽有機(jī)硅雙子表面活性劑C_(12)-PSi_x-C_(12)(x=0、15、30、100、800)的表面活性、潤(rùn)濕性和乳化穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行表征,發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著C_(12)-PSi_x-C_(12)中硅氧鏈長(zhǎng)度的增加,C_(12)-PSi_x-C_(12)的表面活性、潤(rùn)濕性和乳化穩(wěn)定性先增強(qiáng)后減弱。對(duì)其起泡性和抗菌性進(jìn)行表征,發(fā)現(xiàn)C12-PSi0-C12的起泡性和抗菌性最優(yōu)。將不同疏水鏈長(zhǎng)度和不同聯(lián)結(jié)基長(zhǎng)度的季銨鹽有機(jī)硅雙子表面活性劑應(yīng)用于制革浸水和染色工序,發(fā)現(xiàn)經(jīng)C_(12)-PSi_(15)-C_(12)助劑浸水后皮樣的抗菌性能和纖維分散性最好,且對(duì)膠原纖維損傷較小,經(jīng)C12-PSi0-C12助劑染色后皮樣的色牢度和染料吸收性最好。
[Abstract]:Silicone Gemini surfactants have the characteristics of good wettability, good emulsification stability, low physiological toxicity, low critical micelle concentration of Gemini surfactants and high surface activity.In this paper, epoxy polyether modified siloxane was synthesized from polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether and hydroxyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane, and then quaternary ammonium reaction was carried out with N- N- dimethyl long chain alkylamine.The synthesis process was optimized by single factor experiment, and the properties of surfactant and its application in leather production were studied.The physicochemical and antibacterial properties of six quaternary ammonium silicone Gemini surfactants with different hydrophobic chain lengths were studied. It was found that with the increase of C_m-PSi_(15)-C_m hydrophobic chain length, its surface activity, wettability and emulsification stability were obtained.Foaming properties such as physical and chemical properties and antimicrobial properties were first enhanced and then weakened.It is found that with the increase of the length of C_m-PSi_(15)-C_m hydrophobic chain, the transition process of micellization driving force is enthalpy driven, entropy driven and enthalpy driven.The number of micellar aggregates of C_8-PSi_(15)-C_8 and C / C _ S _ 12 / C _ S _ 12) was determined and it was found that at the same concentration, the micelle aggregates of C _ (12) -P _ Si-C _ (12)) were much larger than those of C _ 8-PSiS _ (15) C _ (+) _ _ _.With the increase of concentration, the aggregation morphology of C _ S _ (12) -P _ Si _ (12) C _ (C) C _ (12) in aqueous solution is micelle, spherical vesicle, rod vesicle, dumbbell vesicle and vesicle string.The surface activity, wettability and emulsification stability of five quaternary ammonium salt organosilicon Gemini surfactants Ctit 12- PSix-C _ (1) -PSix-C _ (1) C _ (12) P _ (Six-C _ (12))) were characterized by their surface activity, wettability and emulsification stability. It was found that the surface activity of C _ (12) -P _ (Six-C _ (12) C _ (12)) was observed with the increase of the length of silicon-oxygen chain in C _ (12) C _ (12) -P _ (Six-C _ (12) C _ (12)).Wettability and emulsification stability were first enhanced and then weakened.The foaming and antimicrobial properties of C12-PSi0-C12 were characterized and the results showed that the foaming and antibacterial properties of C12-PSi0-C12 were the best.Quaternary ammonium organosilicon Gemini surfactants with different hydrophobic chain lengths and different binding lengths were used in tanning and dyeing processes. It was found that the skin samples after being immersed in water by Cn12- PSiS-1 + C12) had the best antimicrobial properties and fiber dispersion.The color fastness and dye absorption of the skin were the best after dyeing with C12-PSi0-C12 auxiliaries.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TQ423

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本文編號(hào)：1770556