論鳩摩羅什的佛典翻譯及其歷史貢獻(xiàn)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-20 17:48
【摘要】： 佛教與基督教、伊斯蘭教并稱為世界三大宗教。它是在公元前六世紀(jì)到五世紀(jì)由古北印度迦毗羅衛(wèi)國(guó)凈飯王的兒子喬達(dá)摩·悉答多創(chuàng)立的。兩漢之際，佛教已逐漸向東傳入中國(guó)。 佛教傳入中國(guó)后，它獨(dú)特的宗教信仰深入到中國(guó)人的精神生活和傳統(tǒng)文化之中，在長(zhǎng)期的流傳演變和發(fā)展過(guò)程中，佛教日益適應(yīng)漢民族和其它少數(shù)民族的特點(diǎn)，逐漸變成中國(guó)式的佛教。公元十三世紀(jì)初，印度佛教被外來(lái)勢(shì)力所消滅，事實(shí)上，中國(guó)成了佛教的第二母國(guó)。二千年來(lái)，佛教不僅擴(kuò)大了中國(guó)思想界認(rèn)識(shí)的深度和廣度，而且還豐富了中國(guó)人民的文化生活和信仰生活，并帶來(lái)了復(fù)雜的社會(huì)影響和多重的社會(huì)后果。 在中國(guó)，佛教的傳播是與佛教經(jīng)典的譯介同步進(jìn)行的。從安息王子安世高成為譯經(jīng)先鋒開(kāi)始，無(wú)數(shù)中外高僧大德共同努力，掀起了一場(chǎng)轟轟烈烈的佛經(jīng)翻譯運(yùn)動(dòng)。這其中有一個(gè)重要而特殊的人物，他就是東晉姚秦時(shí)代的名僧鳩摩羅什。 鳩摩羅什祖籍天竺，生于龜茲。早年曾四處游學(xué)修行，于佛學(xué)有著極高的天賦，后成為名德高僧。前秦主苻堅(jiān)素聞其名，于建元十八年(公元382年)派呂光攻打龜茲，其動(dòng)機(jī)雖不是專為迎請(qǐng)鳩摩羅什，但這也是他一個(gè)主要的出發(fā)點(diǎn)。后因故鳩摩羅什在涼州停留了17年，直到58歲時(shí)才被后秦主姚興迎請(qǐng)到長(zhǎng)安，71歲時(shí)在長(zhǎng)安去世。鳩摩羅什在長(zhǎng)安前后十一年多時(shí)間，所譯佛經(jīng)，據(jù)《高僧傳》記載為三百余部；《祜錄》卷二載為三十五部，二百九十四卷；《開(kāi)元釋教錄》卷四為七十四部三百八十四卷�，F(xiàn)存三十九部，三百一十三卷。 鳩摩羅什在中國(guó)佛教史上占有重要的地位。他對(duì)佛教傳播、佛經(jīng)翻譯以及僧尼管理制度的確立，特別是對(duì)佛教文獻(xiàn)學(xué)都做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)，并且產(chǎn)生了積極而深遠(yuǎn)的影響。 本文旨在介紹鳩摩羅什其人其事及他譯經(jīng)的特點(diǎn)，，使大家充分認(rèn) 識(shí)他在佛教發(fā)展史上的特殊地位，并通過(guò)對(duì)他的介紹，把握佛教的發(fā) 展脈絡(luò)及其中國(guó)化的進(jìn)程。
[Abstract]:Buddhism and Christianity and Islam are known as the three major religions in the world. It was founded between the sixth and fifth centuries BC by Gautama Sittaddo, son of the King of Gapilavi in Guabei India. By the time of the Han Dynasty, Buddhism had gradually spread eastward to China. Since Buddhism was introduced into China, its unique religious beliefs have penetrated into the spiritual life and traditional culture of the Chinese people. In the course of its long-term evolution and development, Buddhism has increasingly adapted to the characteristics of the Han nationality and other ethnic minorities. Gradually became Chinese Buddhism. In the early 13 th century AD, Indian Buddhism was destroyed by foreign forces. In fact, China became the second home country of Buddhism. In the past two thousand years, Buddhism has not only expanded the depth and breadth of the understanding of the Chinese ideological circle, but also enriched the cultural and religious life of the Chinese people, and brought about complex social influences and multiple social consequences. In China, the spread of Buddhism goes hand in hand with the translation of Buddhist scriptures. Since Prince of Peace an Shigao became a pioneer in the translation of the scriptures, numerous Chinese and foreign eminent monks and great virtues have worked together to set off a vigorous translation movement of Buddhist scriptures. One of these important and special characters is the famous monk Hatotomorosh in the Eastern Jin and Yao Qin dynasties. Hatotomushi was born in Qiuzi, a native of Tianzhu. In his early years, he traveled around to learn and practice. He was highly gifted in Buddhism and later became a monk of virtue. Fu Chien-su, the former Qin master, heard his name, and in eighteen years Yu Jianyuan (AD 382) sent Lu Guang to attack Qiuzi, although his motive was not specifically to welcome Hatoamorosh, but this was also his main starting point. Hatotomushi stayed in Liangju for 17 years before being invited to Chang'an by Yao Xingying, 58, and died in Changan at 71. More than 11 years before and after Changan, Hatoyama translated more than three hundred Buddhist scriptures according to the Biography of the High Monk; the second volume of the Hu Lu was 35 copies, 294 volumes; and the fourth volume of Kaiyuan's interpretation of Buddhism was 74 384 volumes. There are 39 books and 313 volumes. Hatoyama occupies an important position in the history of Chinese Buddhism. He has made great contributions to the spread of Buddhism, the translation of Buddhist scriptures and the establishment of monastic and nuns management system, especially to the study of Buddhist literature, and has had a positive and far-reaching impact. The purpose of this paper is to introduce Hatoamorosh's affairs and the characteristics of his translation. To make everyone fully aware of his special position in the history of Buddhism, and to introduce him through his introduction. Grasp the development of Buddhism and the development of the process of Chinese.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2002
【分類號(hào)】：B949
本文編號(hào)：2283926
[Abstract]:Buddhism and Christianity and Islam are known as the three major religions in the world. It was founded between the sixth and fifth centuries BC by Gautama Sittaddo, son of the King of Gapilavi in Guabei India. By the time of the Han Dynasty, Buddhism had gradually spread eastward to China. Since Buddhism was introduced into China, its unique religious beliefs have penetrated into the spiritual life and traditional culture of the Chinese people. In the course of its long-term evolution and development, Buddhism has increasingly adapted to the characteristics of the Han nationality and other ethnic minorities. Gradually became Chinese Buddhism. In the early 13 th century AD, Indian Buddhism was destroyed by foreign forces. In fact, China became the second home country of Buddhism. In the past two thousand years, Buddhism has not only expanded the depth and breadth of the understanding of the Chinese ideological circle, but also enriched the cultural and religious life of the Chinese people, and brought about complex social influences and multiple social consequences. In China, the spread of Buddhism goes hand in hand with the translation of Buddhist scriptures. Since Prince of Peace an Shigao became a pioneer in the translation of the scriptures, numerous Chinese and foreign eminent monks and great virtues have worked together to set off a vigorous translation movement of Buddhist scriptures. One of these important and special characters is the famous monk Hatotomorosh in the Eastern Jin and Yao Qin dynasties. Hatotomushi was born in Qiuzi, a native of Tianzhu. In his early years, he traveled around to learn and practice. He was highly gifted in Buddhism and later became a monk of virtue. Fu Chien-su, the former Qin master, heard his name, and in eighteen years Yu Jianyuan (AD 382) sent Lu Guang to attack Qiuzi, although his motive was not specifically to welcome Hatoamorosh, but this was also his main starting point. Hatotomushi stayed in Liangju for 17 years before being invited to Chang'an by Yao Xingying, 58, and died in Changan at 71. More than 11 years before and after Changan, Hatoyama translated more than three hundred Buddhist scriptures according to the Biography of the High Monk; the second volume of the Hu Lu was 35 copies, 294 volumes; and the fourth volume of Kaiyuan's interpretation of Buddhism was 74 384 volumes. There are 39 books and 313 volumes. Hatoyama occupies an important position in the history of Chinese Buddhism. He has made great contributions to the spread of Buddhism, the translation of Buddhist scriptures and the establishment of monastic and nuns management system, especially to the study of Buddhist literature, and has had a positive and far-reaching impact. The purpose of this paper is to introduce Hatoamorosh's affairs and the characteristics of his translation. To make everyone fully aware of his special position in the history of Buddhism, and to introduce him through his introduction. Grasp the development of Buddhism and the development of the process of Chinese.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2002
【分類號(hào)】：B949
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相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條
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本文編號(hào)：2283926
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