本文關(guān)鍵詞：襲常與新變的明清文化　出處：《探索與爭鳴》2016年05期 　論文類型：期刊論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 周制 秦制 襲常 新變

【摘要】：明(1368~1644年)清(1644~1911年)是2000年宗法君主集權(quán)社會的晚期,周秦兩制交集的制度一如秦漢以來之慣常,不過"秦制"尤其昭彰,其弊端被時(shí)之有識者批評,謀求變革的呼聲此起彼伏,清初顧炎武稱自己所處時(shí)代"已居于不得不變之勢"。秦以下,有過漢晉更革、唐宋更革,但那都是在農(nóng)耕文明—君主集權(quán)政治大格局內(nèi)部的調(diào)整。中國歷史上突破上述格局、以工業(yè)文明—民主政治為目標(biāo)的大更革,在清末民初得以展開,而明代及清代前中期恰值這一大轉(zhuǎn)折的前夜,其國內(nèi)表征是資本主義萌芽和早期啟蒙文化出現(xiàn),國際條件是西方近代文化東來。然"萌芽"幼弱、"啟蒙"聲希,明清文化主流延續(xù)著秦漢以降的常態(tài),而揚(yáng)棄性的文化變革在潛滋暗長,所謂"常"中寓"變"、"變"中有"常",故明清文化宜以"襲常與新變"概括。
[Abstract]:Ming Dynasty 1368 ~ 1644) Qing Dynasty 1644 ~ 1911) was the late period of the totalitarian society of patriarchal monarchs in 2000, and the system of the intersection of the two systems of Zhou and Qin dynasties was as usual since the Qin and Han dynasties. However, the "Qin system" is particularly obvious, its drawbacks were criticized by the knowledgeable, the voice for change one after another, Gu Yanwu said in the early Qing Dynasty that his time "has had to change the trend." under Qin, there was more leather in the Han and Jin dynasties. Tang and Song dynasties were more leather, but they were all the internal adjustment of agricultural civilization-monarchy centralization politics. In the history of China, it broke through the above pattern and took the industrial civilization-democratic politics as the goal, which was carried out in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. On the eve of the great turning point of the Ming Dynasty and the middle period of the Qing Dynasty, its domestic manifestation was the emergence of capitalism and the early enlightenment culture, and the international condition was that the western modern culture came from the east, but the "budding" was weak. It is hoped that the mainstream culture of Ming and Qing dynasties will continue the normal state of Qin and Han dynasties, while the cultural change of sublation will be hidden in the dark. The so-called "Chang" means "change" and "change" has "Chang". Therefore, the Ming and Qing culture should be summed up by "imitating often and new changes".
【作者單位】： 武漢大學(xué)歷史學(xué)院;
【分類號】：K248
【正文快照】： 史學(xué)的功能,要者在展開歷史發(fā)展過程,明其變易,方能識破興廢成敗之底里。孟子曰:“觀水有術(shù),必觀其瀾�！盵1]觀史亦然,須從歷史流程(尤其是轉(zhuǎn)折處)著眼。討論明清文化,需要將其置于中國乃至世界歷史波瀾壯闊的進(jìn)程中加以考究。一明清是秦漢以下帝制系列的末端,但這個(gè)末端并非，

本文編號：1394994