陶鑄國民:嚴復與中國啟蒙運動——紀念嚴復誕辰160周年
發(fā)布時間:2018-11-28 09:57
【摘要】:甲午之后,嚴復從海軍先驅(qū)到啟蒙之父的轉(zhuǎn)變,表征著洋務時代的終結(jié)和啟蒙時代的開端。嚴復譯介的進化論以一個變動的、進化的、競爭的新宇宙觀世界觀顛覆了古典中國的意義世界,并激發(fā)了國人救亡圖存的民族主義和改革意識。嚴復"開民智"的啟蒙主義,深刻地影響了清末和五四兩代啟蒙知識分子之"改造國民性"的思想。在近代中國思想史上,嚴復第一個發(fā)現(xiàn)"自由"的現(xiàn)代性核心意義。其"以自由為體,以民主為用"的西方文明觀,超越洋務派的"中體西用"論和維新派的君主立憲主義,深刻地揭示了自由主義的本質(zhì)。他通過翻譯輸入斯密的市場經(jīng)濟理論和經(jīng)濟自由主義、孟德斯鳩的憲政理論、密爾的自由理論等古典自由主義經(jīng)典理論,其在中國傳播自由主義學理居功至偉。其市場經(jīng)濟、法治政府、公民自由、民主政治等理論在改革時代大行其道,成為引導中國社會轉(zhuǎn)型的重要思想資源。
[Abstract]:The transformation of Yan Fu from a navy pioneer to the father of the Enlightenment symbolized the end of the Westernization Age and the beginning of the Enlightenment era. Yan Fu's theory of evolution subverts the meaning world of classical China with a new world outlook of change, evolution and competition, and stimulates the nationalism and reform consciousness of saving the nation from the nation. Yan Fu's enlightening doctrine of "opening up the wisdom of the people" profoundly influenced the thought of transforming the national character of the enlightening intellectuals in the late Qing Dynasty and the May fourth and fourth dynasties. In the history of modern Chinese thought, Yan Fu was the first to discover the modernity core meaning of "freedom". His western view of civilization, which regards freedom as the body and democracy as the use, transcends the Western-style theory of "the use of the Chinese and the West" and the constitutional monarchy of the reformists, and profoundly reveals the essence of liberalism. Through the translation of Smith's theory of market economy and economic liberalism Montesquieu's constitutional theory Mill's theory of freedom and other classical liberalism classical theories have made great contribution to the spread of liberalism in China. The theories of market economy, government ruled by law, civil liberties and democratic politics are popular in the reform era and become the important ideological resources to guide the transformation of Chinese society.
【作者單位】: 浙江大學國際文化學系;
【分類號】:D092
本文編號:2362515
[Abstract]:The transformation of Yan Fu from a navy pioneer to the father of the Enlightenment symbolized the end of the Westernization Age and the beginning of the Enlightenment era. Yan Fu's theory of evolution subverts the meaning world of classical China with a new world outlook of change, evolution and competition, and stimulates the nationalism and reform consciousness of saving the nation from the nation. Yan Fu's enlightening doctrine of "opening up the wisdom of the people" profoundly influenced the thought of transforming the national character of the enlightening intellectuals in the late Qing Dynasty and the May fourth and fourth dynasties. In the history of modern Chinese thought, Yan Fu was the first to discover the modernity core meaning of "freedom". His western view of civilization, which regards freedom as the body and democracy as the use, transcends the Western-style theory of "the use of the Chinese and the West" and the constitutional monarchy of the reformists, and profoundly reveals the essence of liberalism. Through the translation of Smith's theory of market economy and economic liberalism Montesquieu's constitutional theory Mill's theory of freedom and other classical liberalism classical theories have made great contribution to the spread of liberalism in China. The theories of market economy, government ruled by law, civil liberties and democratic politics are popular in the reform era and become the important ideological resources to guide the transformation of Chinese society.
【作者單位】: 浙江大學國際文化學系;
【分類號】:D092
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