本文選題：俄僑 + 哈爾濱�。� 參考：《東北師范大學》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 中國和俄國的交往可謂是淵源流長,最早可以追溯到元朝。到了近代,俄國僑民的大量流入中國則是始于19世紀末,隨著中東鐵路的修筑,大量的俄國僑民來到哈爾濱定居。俄僑在哈爾濱進行了一系列經(jīng)濟活動,其中金融業(yè)占有一定地位。俄僑開辦的金融業(yè)主要包括銀行業(yè)和保險業(yè)這兩大類。從1898年道勝銀行在哈爾濱設(shè)立分行開始,俄資銀行就如雨后春筍,開始開辦,在哈爾濱一度形成壟斷局面。俄僑銀行在哈爾濱還發(fā)行的大量的貨幣,俄幣在哈爾濱流通初期是比較穩(wěn)定的,但是隨著十月革命后,帝俄政府倒臺,貨幣大幅度貶值,最終停止兌換,這給哈爾濱商民帶來嚴重危害。 隨著哈爾濱被開辟為商埠,哈爾濱的工商業(yè)獲得了較大的發(fā)展,為了尋求保障,俄僑保險業(yè)應運而生。俄僑的金融業(yè)一度十分輝煌,壟斷了哈爾濱金融業(yè)。但是俄僑金融業(yè)的發(fā)展,很大程度上依靠俄國政府的支持,隨著俄國特權(quán)喪失,俄僑金融業(yè)逐漸萎靡。到1931年“九·一八”事變后,俄僑的金融業(yè)優(yōu)勢逐漸被日商取代,幸存者寥寥無幾。俄僑的金融業(yè)對哈爾濱產(chǎn)生一定影響。一方面掠奪哈爾濱商民大量財富,損害人民利益,另一方面促進哈爾濱的近代化。 本文從以下四個方面對哈爾濱俄僑的金融活動進行探討和評價。 首先,俄僑在哈爾濱的基本情況。中東鐵路開始修筑后,俄國政府鼓勵向哈爾濱移民,加之1917年十月革命爆發(fā),導致大量俄僑來到哈爾濱。他們從事多種活動。 第二、俄僑在哈爾濱的銀行業(yè)。俄僑的銀行業(yè)隨著中東鐵路建筑開始出現(xiàn)的。1907年哈爾濱被辟為商埠之前,俄資銀行在哈爾濱一直占有壟斷地位,獲利豐厚。 第三、俄僑在哈爾濱的保險業(yè)。隨著哈爾濱工商業(yè)的繁榮以及哈爾濱地理位置,俄僑保險業(yè)開始興辦,在1931年之前,在哈爾濱一直占有絕對優(yōu)勢,也大獲其利。 第四、俄僑在哈爾濱金融活動的影響。俄僑在哈爾濱金融活動掠奪哈爾濱大量的資源以及商民的大量財富,但是在客觀上也促進了哈爾濱的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:China and Russia have a long history, dating back to the Yuan Dynasty.In modern times, the influx of Russian expatriates into China began at the end of the 19th century. With the construction of the Middle East railway, a large number of Russian emigrants settled in Harbin.Russian overseas Chinese in Harbin carried out a series of economic activities, including the financial sector occupies a certain position.The finance industry of Russian overseas Chinese mainly includes banking and insurance.Since Taisheng Bank set up a branch in Harbin in 1898, Russian banks have been springing up and have been monopolized in Harbin.The large amount of currency issued by the Russian overseas Chinese Bank in Harbin was relatively stable at the beginning of its circulation in Harbin. However, with the fall of the imperialist government after the October Revolution, the currency was devalued by a large margin, and finally stopped convertibility.This brings serious harm to Harbin merchants.As Harbin was opened as a commercial port, Harbin's industrial and commercial development, in order to seek protection, the Russian insurance industry came into being.The financial industry of Russian overseas Chinese was once very brilliant, monopolizing Harbin financial industry.However, the development of Russian overseas Chinese financial industry, to a large extent, depends on the support of the Russian government. With the loss of Russian privileges, the Russian overseas Chinese financial industry gradually declined.By 1931, after the September 18 th incident, the financial advantage of Russian expatriates was gradually replaced by Japanese merchants, with few survivors.The finance industry of Russian overseas Chinese produces certain influence to Harbin.On the one hand, plundered the wealth of Harbin merchants, harm the interests of the people, on the other hand, to promote the modernization of Harbin.This paper discusses and evaluates the financial activities of Russian overseas Chinese in Harbin in the following four aspects.First of all, the basic situation of Russian overseas Chinese in Harbin.After the construction of the Middle East Railway, the Russian government encouraged the emigration to Harbin, and the October Revolution of 1917 led to a large number of Russian emigrants to Harbin.They engage in a variety of activities.Second, the banking industry of Russian overseas Chinese in Harbin.Russian banks began to appear with the construction of railway in the Middle East. Before Harbin was established as a commercial port in 1907, Russian banks had been monopolized and profited in Harbin.Third, the insurance industry of Russian overseas Chinese in Harbin.With the prosperity of Harbin industry and commerce and the geographical location of Harbin, the insurance industry of Russian overseas Chinese began to set up. Before 1931, the insurance industry in Harbin had always had an absolute advantage and benefited greatly.Fourth, the influence of the financial activities of Russian overseas Chinese in Harbin.Russian financial activities in Harbin plunder a great deal of resources and wealth of merchants and people in Harbin, but it also promotes the development of Harbin objectively.
【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：F832.9;K29

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前2條

1 張忠;哈爾濱早期市政近代化研究（1898-1931）[D];吉林大學;2011年

2 穆丹萍;近代哈爾濱地區(qū)俄國企業(yè)研究（1898-1926）[D];東北師范大學;2012年

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本文編號：1769425