【摘要】：僑資潮汕鐵路既有日本資本介入,又牽扯土客矛盾。導(dǎo)致數(shù)名日本人斃命的葫蘆市事件發(fā)生后,廣東地方官基于潮汕鐵路公司系華資企業(yè),有清晰民事行為主體,頂住商部和日本領(lǐng)事的壓力,堅(jiān)持將懲兇與賠償分開(kāi)的處理原則。在晚清特殊外交體制背景下,這一案例顯現(xiàn)了對(duì)外交涉中"大權(quán)在外"的特性,也顯現(xiàn)非建制的地方對(duì)外交涉機(jī)構(gòu)的運(yùn)作程序。受此次事件的影響,日本對(duì)潮汕鐵路的控制逐步受到削弱。廣東地方官相應(yīng)強(qiáng)化了對(duì)民營(yíng)鐵路公司的管控,進(jìn)一步協(xié)調(diào)其與地方民眾的關(guān)系,在地價(jià)問(wèn)題上維護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)孛癖姷睦�、在路線設(shè)置上兼顧民眾與鐵路公司的利益。受清末商辦體制的影響,地方政府在潮汕鐵路興建與否的問(wèn)題上,并不居于主導(dǎo)地位,只是出現(xiàn)糾紛時(shí),才啟動(dòng)地方外交交涉機(jī)制�；诘胤嚼娴目剂�,針對(duì)日本在潮汕鐵路中人員和資本的隱蔽性,拒絕將此事件作為中日之間的外交事務(wù)來(lái)處理,其理由在于日本領(lǐng)事并沒(méi)有代表鐵路公司與中國(guó)政府進(jìn)行交涉的權(quán)力。地方督撫與商部在民營(yíng)公司管理上溝通不暢,以及這條鐵路所面臨的潮汕地方復(fù)雜的土客矛盾,都是潮汕鐵路"命運(yùn)不濟(jì)"的背景。
[Abstract]:Overseas Chinese-funded Chaoshan Railway not only has Japanese capital intervention, but also involves local contradictions. After the Huludi incident, which killed several Japanese people, Guangdong local officials insisted on the principle of separating punishment from compensation on the basis of Chaoshan Railway Company, a Chinese-funded enterprise, with a clear subject of civil conduct, withholding pressure from the Ministry of Commerce and the Japanese consul. Under the background of the special diplomatic system in the late Qing Dynasty, this case shows the characteristics of "big power outside" in the foreign negotiation, and also shows the operation procedure of the non-establishment local foreign negotiation institution. Affected by this incident, Japan's control of the Chaoshan Railway has been gradually weakened. Accordingly, the local officials in Guangdong strengthened the control over the private railway companies, further coordinated their relations with the local people, safeguarded the interests of the local people on the issue of land price, and took into account the interests of the people and the railway companies in the setting up of the routes. Under the influence of the commercial office system in the late Qing Dynasty, the local government did not play a dominant role in the construction of the Chaoshan Railway, but only when disputes arose, the local diplomatic negotiation mechanism was initiated. Based on the consideration of local interests, in view of the concealment of Japanese personnel and capital in the Chaoshan Railway, the incident was refused to be dealt with as a foreign affairs between China and Japan. The reason is that the Japanese consul does not have the power to negotiate with the Chinese government on behalf of the railway company. The lack of communication between the local governor and the Ministry of Commerce in the management of private companies, as well as the complicated conflicts between local tourists and local residents in Chaozhou-Shantou, which this railway faces, are the background of the "fate" of the Chaozhou-Shantou railway.
【作者單位】： 安徽師范大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)管理學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(13BZS057)
【分類號(hào)】：K252

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