【摘要】：廢兩改元是中國(guó)金融近代化進(jìn)程中一個(gè)重要事件,它結(jié)束了中國(guó)近代以來(lái)紛亂繁雜的貨幣狀況,取消了長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)嚴(yán)重阻礙經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的銀兩制度,在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)發(fā)行了統(tǒng)一的銀元貨幣,使中國(guó)的貨幣由實(shí)物貨幣中的稱量貨幣進(jìn)化為記數(shù)貨幣;同時(shí)在20世紀(jì)30年代初期的國(guó)內(nèi)國(guó)際環(huán)境的共同影響下,廢兩改元政策的實(shí)行也是南京國(guó)民政府一項(xiàng)逐步加強(qiáng)政權(quán)統(tǒng)治、壟斷金融業(yè)的的必要步驟。 本文以南京國(guó)民政府的廢兩改元政策為研究對(duì)象,從實(shí)行廢兩改元的長(zhǎng)期性、短期性等背景因素入手,探討廢兩改元政策對(duì)于南京國(guó)民政府政權(quán)穩(wěn)固的必要性。在分析廢兩改元政策的實(shí)行與中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系的同時(shí),對(duì)廢兩改元政策與國(guó)民政府謀求政權(quán)穩(wěn)固這一目的進(jìn)行探討,對(duì)于這一政策實(shí)施在國(guó)民政府恢復(fù)經(jīng)濟(jì)、加強(qiáng)金融壟斷、保障金融安全等方面的作用進(jìn)行具體的研究與分析。 文章的主體部分分為四個(gè)部分來(lái)進(jìn)行闡述: 第一部分,分析廢兩改元政策的背景,闡述廢兩改元是在中國(guó)自近代以來(lái)就出現(xiàn)的貨幣狀況混亂的長(zhǎng)期性因素和世界市場(chǎng)銀價(jià)下跌與南京國(guó)民政府統(tǒng)治危機(jī)的短期性因素共同影響下的產(chǎn)物。 第二部分,闡述近代以來(lái)在廢兩改元前進(jìn)行的一系列貨幣改革探索。 第三部分,分析廢兩改元實(shí)行的直接契機(jī)——洋厘變化,以及具體過(guò)程,即在上海直至全國(guó)的推行情況。 第四部分,分析廢兩改元對(duì)南京國(guó)民政府政權(quán)穩(wěn)定的作用。闡述廢兩改元對(duì)于南京國(guó)民政府政權(quán)統(tǒng)治的作用,包括金融壟斷、促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)恢復(fù)、維護(hù)金融安全三個(gè)方面,最后指出廢兩改元由于保留了銀本位制度而帶來(lái)的不徹底性。 結(jié)語(yǔ)部分對(duì)上述論述予以總結(jié),指出廢兩改元是中國(guó)金融近代化的必要步驟。
[Abstract]:The abolition of the two forms of reform is an important event in the process of China's financial modernization. It has put an end to China's complicated monetary situation since modern times, and abolished the silver and silver systems, which have been a serious obstacle to economic development for a long time. A unified silver dollar currency was issued in the whole country, so that the Chinese currency evolved from the weighing currency in the real currency to the nominal currency. At the same time, under the common influence of the domestic and international environment in the early 1930s, the implementation of the policy of abolishing the two reforms is also a necessary step for the Nanjing National Government to gradually strengthen political power and monopolize the financial industry. This paper takes the policy of abolishing the two reforms of the Nanjing National Government as the object of study, starting with the background factors such as the long-term and short-term nature of implementing the abolition of the two reforms, and discusses the necessity of the policy of abolishing the two reforms to the regime of the Nanjing National Government. This paper analyzes the internal relationship between the implementation of the policy of abolishing the two reforms and the economic situation of China, and probes into the purpose of the policy of abolishing the two reforms and the national government seeking stability of political power, and the implementation of this policy is carried out in the restoration of the economy of the National Government. Strengthen financial monopoly, ensure financial security and other aspects of specific research and analysis. The main part of the article is divided into four parts to elaborate: the first part, the background of the policy of abolishing the two reforms, This paper expounds that the abolition of the two forms of the Yuan is the product of the long-term factors of currency chaos that have appeared in China since modern times and the influence of the fall of silver price in the world market and the short-term factors of the Nanjing National Government's ruling crisis. The second part expounds a series of monetary reforms before the abolition of the Yuan Dynasty. In the third part, the author analyzes the direct opportunity of implementing the reform of the "waste" and "change", as well as the concrete process, that is, the implementation in Shanghai and all over the country. The fourth part analyzes the effect of the abolition of the two reforms on the stability of the Nanjing National Government. This paper expounds the functions of the abolition of the two reforms to the ruling power of the Nanjing National Government, including the financial monopoly, the promotion of economic recovery, and the maintenance of financial security, and finally points out that the abolition of the two reforms has brought about inthoroughness due to the retention of the silver standard system. The conclusion part summarizes the above exposition and points out that abolishing the two reforms is a necessary step in the modernization of Chinese finance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K263

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