發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-24 00:37

  本文選題：鼠疫防控 + 交通遮斷��； 參考：《歷史研究》2014年02期

【摘要】：1910年,東北爆發(fā)鼠疫。為應(yīng)對(duì)東北鼠疫,清政府采取交通遮斷的措施。東北地區(qū)交通狀況決定了交通遮斷必須從鐵路、陸路和海路三方面著手。該地區(qū)大量外來(lái)苦工成為交通遮斷的主要對(duì)象。清政府停運(yùn)鐵路后,為防止苦工徒步流動(dòng),中俄之間、中央與地方、各省之間以及各地之間展開(kāi)復(fù)雜的交涉。最初,由于擔(dān)心苦工入關(guān)會(huì)導(dǎo)致疫情蔓延以及增加地方壓力,直隸、山東兩省督撫禁止苦工入關(guān)。農(nóng)歷大年過(guò)后,直隸、山東兩省苦工紛紛出發(fā)返回東北謀生,因此交通遮斷的主要內(nèi)容演變?yōu)闁|三省總督防止苦工出關(guān)。東北各地政府之間為截留和留養(yǎng)苦工亦展開(kāi)利益交涉。在各國(guó)壓力下,安東、營(yíng)口兩港遮斷海路交通。交通遮斷雖具有某種程度的現(xiàn)代性,但從政治運(yùn)作角度來(lái)看,實(shí)質(zhì)上是從中央到地方各種政治勢(shì)力之間既合作又斗爭(zhēng)的過(guò)程,展現(xiàn)了清政府應(yīng)對(duì)突發(fā)事件的能力。
[Abstract]:In 1910, plague broke out in Northeast China. In order to deal with plague in the Northeast, the Qing government took measures to block traffic. The traffic condition in Northeast China determines that the traffic interruption must be carried out by rail, land and sea. A large number of foreign labor in this area has become the main object of traffic interruption. After the Qing government stopped operating railways, complicated negotiations were made between China and Russia, between the central and local governments, and between provinces and regions in order to prevent drudgery on foot. Initially, fearing that the entry of drudgery would lead to the spread of the epidemic and increase local pressure, Zhili and Shandong provincial governors banned drudgery from entering customs. After the New year of the Lunar New year, Zhili and Shandong provinces started to return to the northeast for a living, so the main content of traffic interruption evolved into the Eastern three provinces Governor to prevent the forced labor out of customs. Northeast governments between the interception and detention of drudgery also launched interest negotiations. Under the pressure of various countries, Andong, Yingkou two ports cut off sea traffic. Although traffic interruption has some degree of modernity, from the angle of political operation, it is actually a process of cooperation and struggle between various political forces from the central to the local level, which shows the Qing government's ability to deal with unexpected events.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院近代歷史研究所;
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K252

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