本文選題：“命運(yùn)共同體”　切入點(diǎn)：建構(gòu)主義　出處：《山東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：進(jìn)入新世紀(jì)以來,伴隨著國(guó)際社會(huì)的深刻變化和中國(guó)自身的快速崛起,中國(guó)的全球性大國(guó)身份愈加顯著,與之俱來的是中國(guó)外交所需肩負(fù)的更多責(zé)任與使命。在形勢(shì)的催促之下,中國(guó)外交理念不斷自我創(chuàng)新,而“命運(yùn)共同體”正是此次創(chuàng)新浪潮中的一大重要成果�！懊\(yùn)共同體”首次提出是在2011年,其內(nèi)涵于十八大之后不斷得到豐富和細(xì)化。習(xí)近平主席在不同場(chǎng)合多次談及“命運(yùn)共同體”,深入闡釋了這一外交理念,并向世界各國(guó)發(fā)出了同心打造人類命運(yùn)共同體的倡議�！懊\(yùn)共同體”理念已經(jīng)成為習(xí)近平外交思想的重要組成部分,是中國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人對(duì)當(dāng)前國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)實(shí)所縝密思考與深刻總結(jié)的產(chǎn)物。從國(guó)際大背景來看,各國(guó)在全球化的洗禮下相互依存度逐漸提高,不過也共同面臨著一系列全球性問題的困擾;從國(guó)內(nèi)大背景來看,中國(guó)崛起選擇的是和平發(fā)展道路,任何外交新理念的出爐都不會(huì)偏離于這條道路。本文試圖在建構(gòu)主義視野下對(duì)“命運(yùn)共同體”進(jìn)行研究,將“命運(yùn)共同體”視為一種文化。從研究現(xiàn)狀來看,國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)者對(duì)“命運(yùn)共同體”的系統(tǒng)性研究還較為缺乏,同時(shí)也很少有學(xué)者能利用相關(guān)國(guó)際關(guān)系理論對(duì)“命運(yùn)共同體”展開學(xué)理研究。目前并無國(guó)外學(xué)者對(duì)“命運(yùn)共同體”進(jìn)行直接研究,不過受社會(huì)學(xué)影響較大的建構(gòu)主義學(xué)者們建立了一套較為成熟的“安全共同體”理論,這對(duì)本文采用建構(gòu)主義范式進(jìn)行“命運(yùn)共同體”研究有很大啟示。國(guó)際政治中的不同文化是建構(gòu)主義學(xué)者的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容,文化或觀念是建構(gòu)主義的理論硬核。建構(gòu)主義認(rèn)為,國(guó)際政治中的文化居于單位層次和體系層次之上,單位文化即是私有知識(shí),體系文化即是共有知識(shí),單位文化可以在一定條件下上升為體系文化。一方面,“命運(yùn)共同體”由中國(guó)所提出,它植根于中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)“和合”文化,本質(zhì)上屬于一種單位文化。另一方面,“命運(yùn)共同體”由中國(guó)所倡導(dǎo),它的基本內(nèi)涵面向國(guó)際社會(huì)的不同問題領(lǐng)域,目標(biāo)是成為一種體系文化。因此,“命運(yùn)共同體”是一種動(dòng)態(tài)的過程性文化,是建構(gòu)中的社會(huì)事實(shí)。“命運(yùn)共同體”是處于動(dòng)態(tài)變化中的文化,它已經(jīng)開始脫離單位文化并向體系文化轉(zhuǎn)變,因此它獲得了一定程度的自在性,可以產(chǎn)生社會(huì)建構(gòu)的作用。建構(gòu)主義認(rèn)為,施動(dòng)者與結(jié)構(gòu)是互構(gòu)的關(guān)系,也就是說,文化與行為體之間能互相建構(gòu)。文化對(duì)行為體的建構(gòu)作用主要體現(xiàn)在能建構(gòu)國(guó)家的身份和利益,因此“命運(yùn)共同體”有助于使國(guó)家之間建立起集體身份和共同利益。除此之外,當(dāng)前的“命運(yùn)共同體”并未達(dá)到其最終的及理想的文化狀態(tài),暫時(shí)只基本滿足“安全共同體”的第二層級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),不過隨著中國(guó)作為核心國(guó)家的持續(xù)推動(dòng)以及國(guó)家間集體身份的逐漸樹立,“命運(yùn)共同體”也可以起到建構(gòu)最高層級(jí)“安全共同體”的積極作用。出于國(guó)際關(guān)系現(xiàn)實(shí)的考慮,“命運(yùn)共同體”能否被其他國(guó)家所共同接受與內(nèi)化仍將面臨著一些挑戰(zhàn),這需要超越學(xué)理層面進(jìn)行全面分析。挑戰(zhàn)主要體現(xiàn)在三個(gè)不同方面,一是國(guó)家之間差異所帶來的隔閡,二是國(guó)家內(nèi)部矛盾與國(guó)家之間矛盾所帶來的困擾,三是美國(guó)出于霸權(quán)護(hù)持目的對(duì)“命運(yùn)共同體”的主觀性壓制。為了應(yīng)對(duì)這些挑戰(zhàn),中國(guó)需要設(shè)計(jì)好打造“命運(yùn)共同體”的具體路徑。建構(gòu)主義認(rèn)為,體系文化是國(guó)家互動(dòng)的產(chǎn)物,因此中國(guó)必須加強(qiáng)同其他國(guó)家的合作型互動(dòng)。本文在結(jié)合當(dāng)前中國(guó)外交實(shí)踐的基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)了三條打造“命運(yùn)共同體”具體路徑,一是分別推進(jìn)全球伙伴關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)與“一帶一路”建設(shè),二是提倡國(guó)際關(guān)系領(lǐng)域的協(xié)商民主與外交上更具主動(dòng),三是構(gòu)建中美新型大國(guó)關(guān)系與重視“周邊命運(yùn)共同體”的首要地位。
[Abstract]:Since entering the new century, with the rapid rise of profound changes in the international society and China itself, Chinese significantly more global power status, it is more responsibility and mission China diplomacy is required to undertake. Under the situation to Chinese not breaking diplomatic concept and self innovation, "community of destiny" is a big an important outcome of the innovation. The "community of destiny" was first proposed in 2011, its connotation in eighteen after continuously enriched and refined. President Xi Jinping on many occasions talked about the "community of destiny", deeply elaborates the diplomatic concept, and sent to the world together to create a community of destiny human initiative. "Community of destiny" concept has become an important part of the diplomatic thought of Xi Jinping, and the test is on the current domestic and international reality China leaders Zhen Misi The product of profound summary. From the international background of globalization, interdependence in the baptism of a gradual increase in the degree, but also facing a series of global problems; from the domestic background, China rise is the choice of the road of peaceful development, released any new foreign concept will not deviate from this path. This paper attempts to constructivism and the study of "community of destiny", "community of destiny" as a kind of culture. From the current situation of research, a systematic study of domestic scholars on the "community of destiny" is comparatively scarce, and there are few scholars can use the relevant theories of international relations of the "community of destiny" science science research. There is no direct foreign scholars to conduct research on "community of destiny", but under the influence of Constructivism sociology scholars greatly established a more mature "Security community" theory, this paper uses the constructivism paradigm of "community of destiny" research is of great enlightenment. Different cultures in international politics is the main research contents of constructing Marxist scholars, culture or concept is the theoretical core of constructivism. Constructivism thought in international politics, culture and system in unit level top level, unit culture is private knowledge, system culture is the common knowledge, cultural units under certain conditions can be increased as the culture system. On the one hand, the "community of destiny" proposed by China, China it is rooted in the traditional "harmony" culture, essentially belongs to a unit of culture. On the other hand "community of destiny", advocated by Chinese, different issue areas of the basic connotation of the international society, aims to become a system of culture. Therefore, it is a "community of destiny" The process of cultural dynamics, is in the construction of social facts. "Community of destiny" is a dynamic change in culture, it has begun to change from the unit of culture and culture, so it has a certain degree of freedom, can produce social construction. Constructivism believes that the doer and structure the relationship is mutual, that is to say, between the culture and the behavior body can be constructed with each other. The role of cultural construction of the behavior body is mainly embodied in the construction of national identity and interest, so the "community of destiny" helps countries established between collective identity and common interests. In addition, the current "fate community did not reach its final and ideal state of culture, only to meet the basic" security community "of the second level standard, but with Chinese as continue to promote the core countries and between nations set Gradually establish identity, positive role of "community of destiny" can also play a role in construction of the highest level of "security community". For the consideration of the reality of international relations, "community of destiny" can be accepted by other countries and internalization will still face some challenges, the need to go beyond the theoretical level the main challenge is to conduct a comprehensive analysis. Embodied in three aspects, one is the gap between countries caused by differences between countries, two is the internal contradictions and conflicts caused by the state, the three is the United States out of the Hegemonic Maintenance of "community of destiny" the subjectivity of repression. In response to these challenges, the need to design a China create specific path of fate ". Constructivism holds that system culture is the result of interaction between countries, so China must strengthen cooperation with other countries. Based on the interaction with the current in foreign countries Based on the practice of making the design of the three to create a "community of destiny" is a specific path, respectively, promoting global partnership network construction and "The Belt and Road" construction, the two is to promote the field of international relations and diplomacy of deliberative democracy is more active, the three is the first position of the construction of the new Sino US relations and the importance of "big country around the fate of the community."

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D822

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