【摘要】：目的： 1、本研究針對醫(yī)科院校碩士研究生進行整群抽樣調(diào)查，了解醫(yī)學生學業(yè)拖延總體情況，并探討學業(yè)拖延、成就動機及時間管理傾向三者之間的關系。 2、通過半結(jié)構(gòu)式訪談對研究生拖延現(xiàn)象進行質(zhì)性分析，將收集到的第一手資料整理歸納，，全面把握拖延，了解被試拖延背后的真實感受。 方法： 1、本研究采用《研究生學業(yè)拖延問卷》、《青少年時間管理傾向量表》和《成就動機量表》，選取山西醫(yī)科大學全日制碩士研究生1808名進行調(diào)查研究，采用t檢驗、方差分析、相關回歸分析等方法，探討學業(yè)拖延、時間管理傾向和成就動機三者之間的關系。 2、在以上研究結(jié)果的基礎上，選取對10名被試進行半結(jié)構(gòu)式訪談研究，通過訪談提綱對拖延及其相關信息進行深入細致的探索和研究。 結(jié)果： 1、醫(yī)學碩士研究生群體中大多存在中等程度以上(65.4%)的學業(yè)拖延行為，而有很大比例(96%)的同學希望意愿減少自身學業(yè)拖延的惡習。 2、在性別、年級、生源地、獨生子女上醫(yī)學碩士研究生學業(yè)拖延都存在著顯著差異。在學生干部上不存在差異。 3、醫(yī)學碩士研究生具有較高水平的時間管理傾向。醫(yī)學碩士研究生的時間管理傾向在性別、年級有明顯差異。成就動機總體水平比較強，在性別、年級上存在明顯差異。 4、醫(yī)學碩士研究生學業(yè)拖延與時間管理傾向呈顯著負相關，學業(yè)拖延與成就動機呈顯著負相關。 5、成就動機在時間管理傾向上對學業(yè)拖延的影響中起到部分中介作用。 6、拖延行為主要表現(xiàn)在以下幾方面：推遲完成各種學業(yè)任務，如：畢業(yè)論文、科研任務；未能按時完成生活中的計劃；就業(yè)問題等。 7、造成拖延的主要原因有：完美主義傾向；早期家庭教養(yǎng)方式；情緒動機等內(nèi)部原因；巔峰體驗帶來的強化作用；時間管理策略和自控力；任務本身的性質(zhì)；客觀外在環(huán)境。 8、拖延會經(jīng)歷情緒的三期：愉悅輕松的早期、糾結(jié)反復的中期、瀕臨痛苦崩潰的晚期。 9、拖延的過程中，被試會呈現(xiàn)情緒、認知、行為三方面結(jié)果，且三方面都分別有兩個不同的朝向。個體一方面為未按時完成任務而產(chǎn)生的不自信；另一方面因短時間內(nèi)超速完成任務而帶來的巔峰體驗。 結(jié)論： 1、醫(yī)學碩士研究生群體中拖延程度有待降低。其中壓力忍受是造成拖延的最大成因。在統(tǒng)計學變量中，性別、年級、生源地、獨生子女這些變量上影響著醫(yī)學研究生的拖延水平。 2、當個體時間管理傾向越高，成就動機越高，那么其學業(yè)拖延的程度就會越低，成就動機在時間管理傾向上對學業(yè)拖延起到部分中介作用。 3、醫(yī)學研究生的拖延主要發(fā)生領域：學業(yè)拖延、日常生活及推遲做決定。拖延行為的表現(xiàn)、原因、結(jié)果及應對是相互作用相互聯(lián)系的四部分，因此要通過深入了解情緒根源、人際關系根源、時間認知偏差、改變外在環(huán)境、積極采取行動等措施改變拖延。
[Abstract]:Objective: 1. To investigate the general situation of medical students' academic procrastination, and to explore the relationship among academic procrastination, achievement motivation and time management tendency. 2. 2. Qualitative analysis of postgraduates' procrastination through semi-structured interview, sorting out the collected first-hand data so as to grasp the procrastination in an all-round way and understand the true feelings behind the procrastination of the subjects. Methods: 1. 1808 full-time graduate students from Shanxi Medical University were investigated by using postgraduates' academic procrastination questionnaire, Adolescent time Management tendency scale and Achievement motivation scale. T-test, variance analysis and correlation regression analysis were used to explore the relationship among academic procrastination, time management tendency and achievement motivation. 2. On the basis of the above results, a semi-structured interview study was conducted on 10 subjects, and the procrastination and its related information were explored and studied in depth and in detail through the interview outline. Results: (1) most of the medical graduate students had middle-level (65.4%) academic procrastination, while a large proportion of students (96%) wanted to reduce the vice of academic procrastination. 2. There are significant differences in sex, grade, birthplace and only-child medical postgraduates' academic procrastination. There is no difference in student cadres. 3, medical graduate students have a high level of time management tendency. There is a significant difference in the tendency of time management among postgraduates of medical science in gender and grade. The overall level of achievement motivation is relatively strong, there are obvious differences in gender and grade. 4. There was a significant negative correlation between academic procrastination and time management tendency, and a significant negative correlation between academic procrastination and achievement motivation. 5. Achievement motivation plays an intermediary role in the influence of time management tendency on academic procrastination. (6) the procrastination is mainly manifested in the following aspects: delaying the completion of various academic tasks, such as: graduation thesis, scientific research task, failure to complete the plan in life on time, employment issues, etc. 7. The main causes of procrastination are: perfectionism tendency; early family rearing style; emotional motivation and other internal reasons; the enhancement of peak experience; time management strategy and self-control; the nature of the task itself; objective external environment. 8. Procrastination goes through three stages of emotion: the early stage of pleasure and ease, the middle period of entanglement, and the late stage of painful collapse. 9. During procrastination, the subjects showed emotional, cognitive and behavioral outcomes, and each of them had two different orientations. On the one hand, the self-confidence caused by not completing the task on time; on the other hand, the peak experience brought about by speeding the task in a short period of time. Conclusion: 1. The degree of procrastination in the group of medical graduate students needs to be reduced. 2. Stress tolerance is the biggest cause of procrastination. In statistical variables, gender, grade, birthplace, and only child influence the procrastination level of medical graduate students. 2. When the individual time management tendency is higher and the achievement motivation is higher, the degree of academic procrastination will be lower, and the achievement motivation will play a part of mediating effect on the academic procrastination in the time management tendency. 3. Medical postgraduates' procrastination occurs mainly in the fields of academic procrastination, daily life and postponement of decision-making. The performance, cause, outcome, and response of procrastination are the four parts of the interaction. Therefore, it is necessary to change the external environment through in-depth understanding of the emotional root, the root of the interpersonal relationship, the deviation of time and cognition, and the change of the external environment. Take active action and other measures to change the delay.
【學位授予單位】：山西醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B844.2

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