【摘要】：目的:1.同時引入時間壓力、決策角色變量,探討其對風險決策的影響。2.分類細化決策情境,探討時間壓力、決策角色在不同情境下對風險決策的影響。方法:本研究共包括三個實驗:首先通過預實驗確定正式實驗所需的時間壓力。正式實驗采用2(時間壓力:有時間壓力、無時間壓力)×2(決策角色:自我決策、預測他人決策)×2(框架屬性:正性框架、負性框架)的三因素混合實驗設計,在實驗一、二中分別探討三者在具體的生命問題領域和金錢問題領域下對風險決策的影響,其中時間壓力為被試間變量,決策角色與框架屬性為被試內變量。將被試所得的風險分數(shù)作為因變量。結果:1.實驗一生命問題領域結果(1)決策角色的主效應顯著(p=0.001,p0.05),個體預測他人決策時更冒險。(2)框架類型對風險決策的主效應顯著(p=0.012,p0.05),個體在負性框架下更加冒險。(3)時間壓力與決策角色對風險決策的影響存在顯著的交互作用(p=0.005,p0.05):無時間壓力條件下,個體為自我決策更冒險;有時間壓力條件下,個體為自我決策與預測他人決策的風險偏好差異不顯著。(4)時間壓力與框架屬性對風險決策的影響存在顯著的交互作用(p=0.008,p0.05):無時間壓力條件下,個體面對正性框架與負性框架時風險偏好無顯著差異;有時間壓力條件下,個體在正性框架下更加冒險。2.實驗二金錢問題領域結果(1)時間壓力對風險決策的主效應顯著(p=0.002,p0.05),個體在有時間壓力條件下更冒險。(2)時間壓力與決策角色對風險決策的影響存在顯著的交互作用(p=0.037,p0.05):無時間壓力條件下,個體為自我決策與預測他人決策的風險偏好無顯著差異;有時間壓力條件下,個體預測他人決策時更冒險。結論:1.時間壓力、決策角色與框架屬性都影響風險決策,且影響機制比較復雜。2.不同的決策情境下,時間壓力、決策角色對風險決策產生的影響也不同。
[Abstract]:Objective: 1. At the same time, introduce time pressure, decision role variables, to explore its impact on risk decision-making. 2. The influence of time pressure and decision-making role on risk decision-making is discussed. Methods: this study consists of three experiments: first, the time pressure required for formal experiment was determined by pre-experiment. The formal experiment was designed with 3 factors of 2 (time pressure: time pressure, no time pressure) 脳 2 (decision-making role: self decision, predictive decision making by others) 脳 2 (frame attribute: positive frame, negative frame). The second part discusses the impact of the three factors on the risk decision making in the specific life problem field and the money problem field, in which the time pressure is the inter-subjects variable, the decision-making role and the frame attribute are the in-subjects variables. The risk score was taken as dependent variable. Results: 1. The results of experiment 1 were as follows: (1) the main effect of decision making role was significant (p0.001 / p0.05), while individuals were more adventurous in predicting others' decision making. (2) the main effect of frame type on risk decision making was significant (p0.012 / p0.05). Individuals are more adventurous in negative frame. (3) there is significant interaction between time pressure and decision-making role on risk decision making (p0.005 / p0.05): when there is no time pressure, individuals are more adventurous for self-decision; Under the condition of time stress, there was no significant difference between individual risk preference for self-decision and prediction of others' decision. (4) there was significant interaction between time pressure and frame attribute on risk decision (p0.008). P0.05): there was no significant difference in risk preference between individuals facing positive frame and negative frame without time stress. Under time stress, individuals are more adventurous under a positive frame. 2. Experiment 2 money problem Domain results (1) the main effect of time stress on risk decision making was significant (p 0.002 / p0.05). Individuals were more adventurous under time stress. (2) there was a significant interaction between time pressure and decision making role on risk decision making (p0.037 / p0.05). There is no significant difference between individual risk preference for self-decision-making and prediction of others' decision-making; Under time stress, individuals are more adventurous in predicting other people's decisions. Conclusion: 1. Time pressure, decision role and frame attribute all affect risk decision, and the influence mechanism is complex. 2. The influence of time pressure and decision-making role on risk decision-making is different in different decision-making situations.
【學位授予單位】：山西醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B848

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