情緒喚醒對項目與背景聯(lián)結(jié)記憶的影響
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-22 13:37
【摘要】：現(xiàn)實生活中我們所經(jīng)歷的事件大多是以情景記憶的形式進行保存的,某特定事件的記憶可能包含有很多內(nèi)容,對某情景的清晰回憶往往需要提取包含在某情景中的多個信息,而這些信息在大腦中的存儲形式又是不同的,有些信息是與其他信息捆綁在一起進行存儲的,而有些信息則較為特殊,作為單個元素進行存儲。這樣可能導(dǎo)致的后果就是某些信息容易得到提取,但卻阻礙了與該信息相關(guān)的其他信息的提取,而有的信息則較為容易與相關(guān)的信息一同得到提取。諸多原因可能會導(dǎo)致上述現(xiàn)象,而情緒就是其中一個很重要的影響因素。很多研究已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了信息的情緒性可以提升其本身的記憶,但同時會削弱與其同時出現(xiàn)的中性信息記憶,而很多研究也都發(fā)現(xiàn),情緒不僅造成不同信息的記憶效果不同,也造成了不同信息之間聯(lián)結(jié)的差異。情緒對記憶的影響是近年來的研究熱點,而情緒對信息之間聯(lián)結(jié)的影響也成為近期研究的焦點之一。一些研究者使用情緒性詞對,情緒性圖片對該領(lǐng)域進行了相關(guān)研究,但很多問題還需要更多研究予解決和補充。以往研究使用的復(fù)雜情景圖片以中性圖片作為背景與情緒性項目進行聯(lián)結(jié),而背景的情緒性、背景編碼的控制對項目-背景聯(lián)結(jié)記憶的影響可以很好的驗證和補充該領(lǐng)域的研究。本研究包括三個實驗,實驗1首先對不同情緒性項目和不同情緒性背景的聯(lián)結(jié)記憶進行了研究,實驗2和實驗3在實驗1的基礎(chǔ)上考察了通過增強背景熟悉性或增加背景編碼時間后情緒對項目與背景聯(lián)結(jié)記憶的影響。實驗1使用2(項目情緒性:消極,中性)×2(背景情緒性:消極,中性)的被試內(nèi)設(shè)計,實驗2使用2(項目情緒性:消極,中性)×2(背景情緒性:消極,中性)×2(背景預(yù)先呈現(xiàn):有,無)的被試內(nèi)設(shè)計,實驗3使用2(項目情緒性:消極,中性)×2(背景情緒性:消極,中性)×2(背景呈現(xiàn)時間:5s,3s)的被試內(nèi)設(shè)計,因變量是項目圖片的再認率和項目-背景聯(lián)結(jié)再認率。本研究得出如下結(jié)論:(1)項目和背景的情緒性能夠增強項目和背景的記憶,但會抑制項目-背景的聯(lián)結(jié)記憶,包含情緒性的項目-背景聯(lián)結(jié)再認正確率顯著低于中性項目與中性背景的聯(lián)結(jié)再認正確率。(2)增強背景的熟悉性能夠減弱情緒對項目-背景聯(lián)結(jié)記憶的影響,但仍然無法消除情緒對項目-背景聯(lián)結(jié)記憶的削弱作用。(3)優(yōu)先對背景進行編碼并且延長了背景的編碼時間可以增強情緒性信息之間的聯(lián)結(jié),但仍然無法消除情緒對其的負面影響。說明情緒對項目-背景聯(lián)結(jié)記憶的影響在編碼階段之外也存在其他的影響因素。
[Abstract]:In real life, most of the events we experience are preserved in the form of situational memory. The memory of a particular event may contain a lot of content. A clear recollection of a situation often requires the extraction of multiple information contained in a situation. However, the information is stored in different forms in the brain. Some information is bundled with other information for storage, while some information is special and stored as a single element. The result is that some information is easy to extract, but it prevents the extraction of other information, and some information can be easily extracted with the relevant information. Mood is one of the most important factors that can lead to these phenomena. Many studies have found that the emotional nature of information can enhance its own memory, but at the same time it weakens the memory of neutral information that appears at the same time, and many studies have also found that emotion not only results in different effects of memory of different information. It also causes differences in the connection between different information. The influence of emotion on memory has been a hot topic in recent years, and the influence of emotion on the connection between information has become one of the focuses of recent research. Some researchers use emotive word pairs and emotional images to study this field, but many problems need to be solved and supplemented. The images of complex scenarios used in previous studies were linked to emotional items with neutral images, and the emotional nature of the background. The effect of background coding control on item-background association memory can be well verified and supplemented in this field. This study consists of three experiments. In experiment 1, we first studied the associative memory of different emotional items and different emotional backgrounds. On the basis of experiment 1, experiments 2 and 3 examined the effect of emotion on item and background association memory by enhancing background familiarity or increasing background coding time. Experiment 1 used 2 (item emotion: negative, neutral) 脳 2 (background emotion: negative, neutral), experiment 2 used 2 (item emotion: negative, neutral) 脳 2 (background emotion: negative, neutral), In experiment 3, the subjects were designed with 2 (item emotion: negative, neutral) 脳 2 (background presentation time: 5s / 3s). Dependent variables are the recognition rate of the item image and the item-background link recognition rate. The conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) the emotional nature of the project and background enhances the memory of the project and the background, but inhibits the associative memory of the project-background. The recognition accuracy rate of item-background association which includes emotion is significantly lower than that of neutral item and neutral background. (2) enhancing familiarity of background can weaken the influence of emotion on item-background association memory. But it still can't eliminate the weakening effect of emotion on item-background connection memory. (3) preferentially encode the background and prolong the encoding time of the background can enhance the connection between emotional information. But still can not eliminate the negative impact of emotion on it. It shows that there are other factors that affect item-background connection memory besides coding stage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：B842
本文編號：2349527
[Abstract]:In real life, most of the events we experience are preserved in the form of situational memory. The memory of a particular event may contain a lot of content. A clear recollection of a situation often requires the extraction of multiple information contained in a situation. However, the information is stored in different forms in the brain. Some information is bundled with other information for storage, while some information is special and stored as a single element. The result is that some information is easy to extract, but it prevents the extraction of other information, and some information can be easily extracted with the relevant information. Mood is one of the most important factors that can lead to these phenomena. Many studies have found that the emotional nature of information can enhance its own memory, but at the same time it weakens the memory of neutral information that appears at the same time, and many studies have also found that emotion not only results in different effects of memory of different information. It also causes differences in the connection between different information. The influence of emotion on memory has been a hot topic in recent years, and the influence of emotion on the connection between information has become one of the focuses of recent research. Some researchers use emotive word pairs and emotional images to study this field, but many problems need to be solved and supplemented. The images of complex scenarios used in previous studies were linked to emotional items with neutral images, and the emotional nature of the background. The effect of background coding control on item-background association memory can be well verified and supplemented in this field. This study consists of three experiments. In experiment 1, we first studied the associative memory of different emotional items and different emotional backgrounds. On the basis of experiment 1, experiments 2 and 3 examined the effect of emotion on item and background association memory by enhancing background familiarity or increasing background coding time. Experiment 1 used 2 (item emotion: negative, neutral) 脳 2 (background emotion: negative, neutral), experiment 2 used 2 (item emotion: negative, neutral) 脳 2 (background emotion: negative, neutral), In experiment 3, the subjects were designed with 2 (item emotion: negative, neutral) 脳 2 (background presentation time: 5s / 3s). Dependent variables are the recognition rate of the item image and the item-background link recognition rate. The conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) the emotional nature of the project and background enhances the memory of the project and the background, but inhibits the associative memory of the project-background. The recognition accuracy rate of item-background association which includes emotion is significantly lower than that of neutral item and neutral background. (2) enhancing familiarity of background can weaken the influence of emotion on item-background association memory. But it still can't eliminate the weakening effect of emotion on item-background connection memory. (3) preferentially encode the background and prolong the encoding time of the background can enhance the connection between emotional information. But still can not eliminate the negative impact of emotion on it. It shows that there are other factors that affect item-background connection memory besides coding stage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：B842
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條
1 肖鑫;丁錦紅;郭春彥;;編碼和提取對項目+背景捆綁機制的影響[J];科學(xué)通報;2011年07期
2 聶愛情;;關(guān)聯(lián)記憶的神經(jīng)機制研究述評[J];應(yīng)用心理學(xué);2005年04期
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