發(fā)布時間：2018-07-04 06:38

  本文選題：情緒 + 沖突適應��； 參考：《西南大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：日常生活當中,我們會根據(jù)所處的環(huán)境、自己的經(jīng)驗、自己的能力與狀態(tài)及所要解決的任務來調(diào)整自己的行為方式,已達到任務解決的最優(yōu)化,這一過程叫做認知控制。其中先前的經(jīng)驗對自己的行為方式起著重要的作用。如我們經(jīng)常會說“吃一塹長一智”、“前事不忘后事之師”、“前車之鑒”等。在心理學實驗中,我們經(jīng)常用沖突適應效應來模擬現(xiàn)實生活中經(jīng)驗對其后行為的影響。所謂沖突適應是指人們先前經(jīng)歷沖突與否對其后沖突的解決會有影響。即大腦會根據(jù)先前的經(jīng)驗來優(yōu)化當前問題的解決。研究沖突適應效應對于理解人類如何適應復雜的環(huán)境具有重要意義。 在實驗室中,多用Stroop flanker或Simon任務來研究沖突適應。以往的研究主要集中在對沖突適應效應本質(zhì)的研究,如沖突適應效應是沖突的結果還是刺激重復的結果?如果是沖突的結果,那么是反應沖突還是刺激沖突?然而,關于沖突適應效應產(chǎn)生的影響因素的研究卻相對較少。由于沖突適應效應產(chǎn)生的理論解釋和產(chǎn)生條件存在許多爭論,因此研究者試圖從沖突適應效應產(chǎn)生的影響因素中找到一些蛛絲馬跡,結果發(fā)現(xiàn)認知因素(比如注意資源)等對沖突適應效應影響較小,而非認知因素(比如情緒)對沖突適應效應則有明顯的影響。本研究則是想進一步研究情緒對沖突適應效應的影響。 情緒對我們的行為和認知產(chǎn)生了深遠的影響,可能是因為情緒刺激和生存有密切關系,所以我們會優(yōu)先加工他們,從而影響行為和認知的方方面面。已有研究表明,心情對沖突適應效應的影響心情的效價有關,而非心情的喚醒度。至于情緒對沖突適應的影響是與情緒的效價有關還是情緒的喚醒度,由于缺少對積極情緒的研究,所以也無從知曉。此外,重復問題在沖突適應效應領域一直有著爭議問題,即沖突適應的本質(zhì)到底是沖突還是刺激或反應重復。本研究也會試探討這一問題是否會影響情緒對沖突適應的影響。 本研究通過采用情緒詞語(消極詞語、積極詞語、中性詞語)的顏色flanker任務,來探討情緒影響沖突適應效應的三個問題：1)積極情緒是否影響沖突適應效應?如果有影響,那么是如何影響的,是阻礙還是促進?2)情緒對沖突適應效應的影響與情緒效價有關還是情緒喚醒度?3)刺激重復是否會影響情緒對沖突適應效應的影響?實驗1采用兩顏色的flanker任務,結果發(fā)現(xiàn)無論是消極情緒還是積極情緒都促進了沖突適應效應,這就回答了本研究的前兩個問題：積極情緒能促進沖突適應效應；情緒對沖突適應效應的影響與情緒喚醒度有關而非情緒效價。由于實驗1并沒有控制刺激重復問題,因此在實驗2中控制刺激重復,進一步探討本研究的問題3)。實驗2采用四顏色的flanker任務,分別分析重復試次和非重復試次后發(fā)現(xiàn),重復試次的沖突適應效應不受情緒調(diào)節(jié),而非重復試次的結果基本與實驗1一致,即在非重復試次中,依然得到無論是消極情緒還是積極情緒都促進了沖突適應效應,因此,重復問題不會影響情緒對沖突適應效應的影響。本研究的結果表明,情緒確實會影響沖突適應效應,并與情緒的喚醒度有關。且這一結果不受刺激或反應重復的影響。本研究將為后續(xù)的研究及現(xiàn)實生活提供啟示和借鑒。
[Abstract]:In everyday life, we will adjust our way of behavior based on the environment, our own experience, our ability and state, and the tasks to be solved. We have reached the optimization of task solving. This process is called cognitive control. The previous experience plays an important role in the way of behavior. In psychology experiments, we often use conflict adaptation effects to simulate the impact of experience in real life on subsequent behavior. Previous experience has been used to optimize the solution of current problems. Studying the effect of conflict adaptation is important for understanding how humans adapt to complex environments.
In the laboratory, Stroop flanker or Simon tasks are used to study conflict adaptation. Previous studies focused on the study of the nature of the adaptation effect of conflict, such as the result of conflict adaptation or the result of stimulating repetition, if it is the result of the conflict, is it a response or a stimulus? There are relatively few studies on the influencing factors that should be produced. Because there are many controversies on the theoretical interpretation and production conditions of the adaptation effect of conflict, the researchers try to find some clues from the influencing factors of the adaptation effect of conflict, and the results show that cognitive factors, such as attention resources, have little influence on the adaptation effect of conflict. Non cognitive factors (such as emotions) have a significant impact on the adaptive effects of conflict. This study intends to further study the effects of emotion on the adaptive effects of conflict.
Emotions have a profound impact on our behavior and cognition, probably because of emotional stimuli and survival, so we have priority to process them and affect all aspects of behavior and cognition. The effect of thread on conflict adaptation is whether it is related to the valence of emotion or the degree of emotional arousal. Because of the lack of research on positive emotions, there is no understanding. In addition, the problem of repetition in the field of conflict adaptation has always been controversial, that is, whether the nature of conflict adaptation is rushing or stimulating or reacting. Does this question affect the influence of emotion on conflict adaptation?
This study uses the color flanker task of emotional words (negative words, positive words, neutral words) to explore three questions about the adaptation effect of emotional impact on Conflict: 1) does positive emotion affect the adaptation effect of conflict? If it is affected, how is it affected, whether it is hindering or promoting? 2) the influence of emotion on the adaptation effect of conflict Is it related to emotional titer or emotional arousal? 3) whether stimulus repetition affects the effect of emotion on the adaptation to conflict? Experiment 1 uses the two color flanker task to find that both negative and positive emotions promote conflict adaptation, which answers the first two questions of this study: positive emotions can promote the impact of conflict. The effect of adaptation; the effect of emotion on the adaptation effect of the conflict was related to emotional arousal rather than emotional titer. As experiment 1 did not control the problem of stimulation repetition, the stimulation repetition was controlled in Experiment 2, and the problem 3 in this study was further explored. Experiment 2 used the four color flanker task to analyze repeated and non repeated tests. It was found that the adaptation effect of repeated trials was not regulated by emotion, but the result of non repetition was basically consistent with experiment 1, that is, both negative and positive emotions promoted the adaptation effect in the non repeated trial. Therefore, repeated problems did not affect the effect of emotion on the adaptation effect of conflict. The results show that emotion does affect the adaptation effect of conflict and is related to the degree of arousal of emotion. And this result is not affected by stimulation or repetition. This study will provide inspiration and reference for future research and real life.
【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842.6

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本文編號：2095167