本文選題：中介共同表征　切入點(diǎn)：中介獨(dú)立表征　出處：《河北師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：人們對(duì)抽象概念“時(shí)間”的認(rèn)知加工,通常通過空間表征來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn),即空間-時(shí)間聯(lián)合編碼(STEARC)效應(yīng)。根據(jù)時(shí)間-空間表征領(lǐng)域的已有研究結(jié)果,本研究嘗試歸納從加工時(shí)間/空間信息到進(jìn)行空間反應(yīng)之間發(fā)生的認(rèn)知過程,可能存在的三種表征結(jié)構(gòu):直接表征結(jié)構(gòu)、共同中介表征結(jié)構(gòu)和獨(dú)立中介表征結(jié)構(gòu)。直接表征結(jié)構(gòu)是空間/時(shí)間信息直接與左或右側(cè)空間反應(yīng)關(guān)聯(lián);共同中介表征結(jié)構(gòu)指時(shí)間/空間信息先形成相應(yīng)的空間編碼結(jié)構(gòu),而且二者的中介空間編碼結(jié)構(gòu)是共享的,進(jìn)而產(chǎn)生空間反應(yīng);獨(dú)立中介表征結(jié)構(gòu)中,時(shí)間和空間信息也首先形成相應(yīng)的中介空間編碼結(jié)構(gòu),但是時(shí)間信息和空間信息的中介結(jié)構(gòu)相互獨(dú)立,進(jìn)而分別產(chǎn)生相應(yīng)的空間反應(yīng)。三種結(jié)構(gòu)類型在時(shí)間-空間表征領(lǐng)域各有證據(jù)支持,目前最多的理論和實(shí)證研究證據(jù)支持共同中介表征結(jié)構(gòu),但是沒有研究直接、系統(tǒng)地探討時(shí)間-空間表征機(jī)制的結(jié)構(gòu)類型問題。本研究旨在考察時(shí)間-空間表征的結(jié)構(gòu)類型,根據(jù)已有研究結(jié)果,假設(shè)時(shí)間-空間關(guān)聯(lián)機(jī)制符合共同中介表征結(jié)構(gòu),同時(shí)檢驗(yàn)該結(jié)構(gòu)的靈活性。研究包括三個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn),均采用結(jié)合誘導(dǎo)任務(wù)和特征任務(wù)的雙任務(wù)實(shí)驗(yàn)范式,代表過去或未來(lái)意義的時(shí)間概念和呈現(xiàn)在屏幕左或右側(cè)的方框作為實(shí)驗(yàn)的呈現(xiàn)刺激,通過左或右手的按鍵反應(yīng)或左/右眼跳反應(yīng)進(jìn)行任務(wù)判斷。實(shí)驗(yàn)1中的誘導(dǎo)任務(wù)是呈現(xiàn)在屏幕中央的白色時(shí)間詞,要求被試判斷詞語(yǔ)的時(shí)間意義,時(shí)間-空間映射一致組按照過去-左,未來(lái)-右的反應(yīng)方式進(jìn)行按鍵反應(yīng),不一致組按照過去-右,未來(lái)-左的方式進(jìn)行判斷。特征任務(wù)是呈現(xiàn)在屏幕中央的紅色時(shí)間詞,要求被試通過左右手按鍵判斷字體是直體還是斜體,反應(yīng)方式被試間平衡。兩種任務(wù)隨機(jī)呈現(xiàn)。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)誘導(dǎo)任務(wù)中的不一致組在特征任務(wù)中表現(xiàn)出反轉(zhuǎn)的STEARC效應(yīng),與一致組相反。也就是說,誘導(dǎo)任務(wù)中習(xí)得的時(shí)間-空間映射方式影響了他們?cè)谔卣魅蝿?wù)中的表現(xiàn),表明從時(shí)間信息加工到空間反應(yīng)不是直接發(fā)生,而是存在某種中介結(jié)構(gòu)。實(shí)驗(yàn)2進(jìn)一步考察時(shí)間-空間聯(lián)合符合哪種中介結(jié)構(gòu)類型。特征任務(wù)與實(shí)驗(yàn)1一致,誘導(dǎo)任務(wù)換成呈現(xiàn)在屏幕左或右側(cè)的白色方框作為空間刺激,通過空間刺激檢驗(yàn)誘導(dǎo)任務(wù)中的不一致空間位置-空間反應(yīng)映射規(guī)則是否仍然影響特征任務(wù)中的時(shí)間-空間聯(lián)合。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)誘導(dǎo)任務(wù)中不一致組被試在特征任務(wù)中仍然出現(xiàn)反轉(zhuǎn)的STEARC效應(yīng),說明空間不一致映射同樣影響時(shí)間-空間表征方式,即空間信息與時(shí)間信息共享加工過程中的空間編碼中介結(jié)構(gòu),支持共同中介表征結(jié)構(gòu)。實(shí)驗(yàn)3在實(shí)驗(yàn)2的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步探索這種共同中介表征結(jié)構(gòu)在反應(yīng)器水平上是否具有靈活性,即特定反應(yīng)聯(lián)結(jié)效應(yīng)。特征任務(wù)同實(shí)驗(yàn)2,誘導(dǎo)任務(wù)的反應(yīng)器換為眼動(dòng)反應(yīng)。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),被試在誘導(dǎo)任務(wù)(眼動(dòng)反應(yīng))中建立的空間不一致映射規(guī)則沒有影響特征任務(wù)(手動(dòng)反應(yīng))中的時(shí)間-空間表征形式,仍然表現(xiàn)出常規(guī)的STEARC效應(yīng),表明存在反應(yīng)器水平上的特定反應(yīng)聯(lián)結(jié)效應(yīng)。也就是說,在一種反應(yīng)器中習(xí)得的映射方式不能應(yīng)用到其他反應(yīng)器中�？傊�,本研究通過3個(gè)雙任務(wù)范式實(shí)驗(yàn),發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)間-空間聯(lián)合機(jī)制符合共同中介表征結(jié)構(gòu)。而且這種共同中介表征結(jié)構(gòu)在反應(yīng)器水平上存在靈活性(特定反應(yīng)聯(lián)結(jié)效應(yīng)),即只有在相同反應(yīng)器中才會(huì)出現(xiàn)時(shí)間信息和空間信息的空間編碼中介結(jié)構(gòu)共享。
[Abstract]:The abstract concept of "time" cognitive processing, usually through the representation of space to achieve, namely space-time joint encoding (STEARC) effect. According to the existing research results of time - domain of spatial representation, this study tries to conclude from the processing time / space information to the cognitive process between the three kinds of reaction space, structure characterization there may be direct characterization of the structure, the common intermediate representation structure and independent intermediary structure. The characterization of structure characterization is space / time and space information directly to the left or right reaction Association; intermediary common characterization structure refers to the time / space information to form a spatial encoding structure, and the structure of the two encoding intermediary space is shared. Then the space reaction; independent intermediary representation structure, temporal and spatial information is firstly formed between space structure of the encoding, but time and space Intermediary structure information independent of each other, and then generate the corresponding reaction space. Three types of structure in the spatial representation of time - field evidence supports the current common intermediate representation structure theory and empirical research on most of the evidence, but no studies directly, structure type system to explore problems in time and space. The structure type token mechanism the purpose of this study is to investigate the characterization of time and space, according to the existing research results, assuming the time space correlation mechanism conforms to the common intermediate representation structure, and to test the flexibility of the structure. The research includes three experiments, the dual task paradigm was used with induction tasks and characteristics of tasks, meaning the past or the future and present the concept of time on the left side or the right side of the screen box as the experimental stimulus, through the key reaction or left / left or right hand in the right eye jump reaction task sentenced Broken. Induction task in Experiment 1 showed white time words in the middle of the screen, the subjects were required to judge the time words meaning, time - space mapping group in the past - left - right, future reaction mode button response, the inconsistent group in the past - right, the future left the way to judge. The characteristics of task is to appear red time words in the middle of the screen, participants were asked by the right hand button is straight or italic font judgment, reaction mode between subjects. The balance of two tasks were presented. The results show that the inconsistency in task induced group showed the reverse STEARC effect on the characteristics of task, contrary to the group. That is to say, in the time of acquisition task induced spatial mapping way affect the characteristics of their performance in the task, that from time to space information processing reactions do not occur directly, but there is a certain intermediary structure. Experiment 2 we further investigated temporal spatial structure which meet the characteristics of tasks and intermediary type. In Experiment 1, inducing tasks in exchange for showing in the left side or the right side of the screen white box as space stimulation by inconsistent spatial stimulus test tasks in position space - induced reaction mapping rules are still in effect characteristics a space time joint. The results found that the induction of task inconsistency in the subjects of the reversal of the STEARC effect still appear in the characteristics of task, spatial inconsistency mapping also affects the temporal spatial representation, spatial information and time information sharing space structure in the process of encoding intermediary, intermediary support common structure. In 3 experimental characterization in Experiment 2, on the basis of further exploring whether such common intermediary representation structure has the flexibility in the reactor level, specific reaction coupling effect. The characteristics of Ren Is the same as experiment 2, the reactor for the task induced oculomotor response. The results showed that the subjects in the induction task (eye-movementmediated) established in space inconsistent mapping rules did not affect the characteristics of task (manual reaction) in time - space representation, still showed the STEARC effect of conventional, indicated the presence of specific response connection the effect of reactor level. That is to say, in a way of mapping acquisition in the reactor can be applied to other reactor. In short, this study through 3 experiments found that the dual task paradigm, temporal spatial mechanism conforms to the common characterization of the structure. And the common intermediary intermediary structure there is flexibility in the reactor characterization level (specific reaction coupling effect), shared space encoding structure is only in the same medium in the reactor will appear time and space information.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：B842.1

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本文編號(hào)：1654337